Department of Psychology
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/handle/123456789/255
Browse
16 results
Search Results
Item Locus of Control, Communication Apprehension and Social Avoidance in Adults with Stuttering Disorder(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Faiza Akram; CIIT/FA23-RCP-006/LHR; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 10060The present study aimed to investigate the relationship among Locus of Control, Communication Apprehension, and Social Avoidance in young adults with stuttering disorders. Utilizing a correlational research design, the study sampled adults aged 18–25 (M = 21.1; SD = 2.1) through a purposive sampling strategy. Data were collected from various speech therapy centers in Lahore, Pakistan. Four standardized instruments were employed named as the Modified Stuttering Scale (Andrews & Cutler, 1974), the Locus of Control Scale (Rotter, 1966), the Communication Apprehension Questionnaire (McCroskey, 1984), and the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (Watson & Friend, 1969). Reliability analysis confirmed that all scales possessed moderate to high internal consistency. Statistical analyses including Pearson product-moment correlation, mediation analysis, and independent samples t-tests, were conducted to examine the hypothesized relationships. The findings revealed that locus of control was significantly and positively correlated with social avoidance, while showing a significant negative correlation with communication apprehension. Furthermore, the relationship between communication apprehension and social avoidance was found to be significantly negative. Mediation analysis indicated that communication apprehension plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between locus of control and social avoidance. From a clinical perspective, this research highlights the necessity of addressing internal psychological factors in the treatment of stuttering. Beyond individual interventions, these findings suggest a need for public education campaigns and awareness programs to mitigate the social stigma associated with stuttering disordersItem Development and Validation of Executive Functioning Rating Scale for Pakistani Adults(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Sajeela Haider; CIIT/FA23-RCP-016/LHR; Dr. Shameem Fatima; LHR TP 9725The present study aimed to develop and validate a culturally relevant Executive Functioning Rating Scale tailored for Pakistani Adults. Recognizing the limitations of existing executive functioning tools mostly developed in western contexts, the current research seeks to create a reliable and ecologically valid instrument that reflects the socio-cultural realities of Pakistani populations. A 56-item self-report scale was initially generated, covering eight core domains: inhibition, cognitive flexibility, working memory, problem solving, planning and organization, self-monitoring, decision-making, emotional control. The scale was administered to a convenient sample of young adults. Principal Factor Analysis for evaluating the factor structure of the subscales and psychometric validation encompassing evaluations of convergent validity and predictive validity were conducted on the finals scale comprising 51 items. Convergent validity was assessed using Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functions-Adult version and predictive validity was assessed through World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale, and a social Functioning scale. Results indicated satisfactory reliability and validity of executive functioning rating scale, supporting its use as a standardized tool for assessing executive functioning in diverse adult population across Pakistan. The findings underscore the necessity for indigenous executive functioning assessment measure in Pakistani context and contribute to the broader understanding of executive functioning in adults among this population.Item Mobile Phone Use and Its Effects on Early Infant Development(2025) Roha Ameen; CCIT/FA23-RCP-014/LHR; Dr. MaryamAmjad; LHR TP 9723Excessive screen exposure in early infancy has been increasingly recognized as a potential threat to optimal developmental trajectories, with growing evidence suggesting that prolonged screen time may disrupt critical periods of cognitive, social, and language development, with long-term detrimental consequences in future. The current research is conducted to analyze the effect of mobile phone usage on early infant development from 6 to 18 months. In this study, the participants were the parents of infants, who helped in their assessment on three levels, i.e., (social, self-help, and cognitive). A repeated measure design was employed, assessing the same group of (N=50) infants at two time points, with 3-month lapse. Participants were collected from the daycare and vaccination centers across Lahore city, using time series sampling, where the parents filled the Urdu Portage Guide to Early Education’s (PGEE-U; Amjad & Shahid, 2003 [unpublished]) three domains i.e., social, self-help, and cognitive skills. The results revealed that infants aged 6-12 months (n= 17) exhibited significant mean differences in socialization skills (p < .001) and cognitive skills (p < .05), while changes in self-help skills were not statistically significant (p = .46), corresponding no learning of self-help skills at this age. On the contrary, infants of 13-18 months (n= 23) exhibited no significant mean differences in all the domains of socialization (p = .66), self-help (p = .14), or cognitive skills (p = .45) indicating stagnation in developmental progress. Whereas, infants with no exposure to mobile phones (n=10) showed significant improvement across all domains: socialization (p = .01), self-help (p = .02), and cognitive skills (p = .01). These findings suggest that mobile phone exposure may delay developmental progress in early infants’ global developmental functioning. The study underscores the need for awareness and adherence to screen-time guidelines recommended by health authorities for infants.Item Psychosocial Challenges to Pilots: A Psychometric Approach(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) CIIT/FA23-RCP-011/LHR; Dr. MaryamAmjad; LHR TP 9720Pilots are essential in aviation, guaranteeing safety, overseeing intricate systems, and enduring extended shifts. This study aimed to find the nature and pattern of psychosocial stresses that Pakistani commercial airline pilots. 102 pilots were recruited through convenience sampling from Aviation. The Psychosocial Challenges to Pilots Scale (PCPS; Amjad & Muazzam, [unpublished]) and Mental Health Inventory-5 (Rojas-Mendoza et al., 2024) were administered. Factor analysis was done which revealed two factors i.e., Job stressors and personal stressors. The scale exhibited strong psychometric requirements including high internal consistency and inter-factor correlation. However, the correlation between scores on the Mental Health Inventory and Psychosocial Challenges to Pilots Scale was not significant. This research stresses the need for culturally attuned mental health interventions for Pakistani airline pilots, emphasizing the demand for proactive, policy-oriented support within the advancing sector of aviation. This scale showcased the stressors that may affect the psychological wellbeing of the pilots and can be an important human factor causing minor to major air accidents. The study implicates the existence of clinical aerospace psychologists that could provide frequent targeted intervention for the commercial pilots in order to maintain their mental healthItem Parenting Styles, Childhood Abuse, Bullying, Digital Media Exposure and Gender Dysphoria in Young University Students(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Ayesha Ahsan; CIIT/FA23-RCP-004/LHR; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 9714This study aimed to examine the relationship among parental bonding, childhood abuse, bullying, digital media exposure and gender dysphoria in young university students. Correlational research design was used in this research, 357 Participants (174 women and 183 men) were selected through convenient sampling from one government and five private universities of Lahore, age ranged 19-30 years. Measures were included the demographic questionnaire, Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale, Parental Bonding Instrument, Adverse childhood experiences Scale, Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ) and the Content-based Media Exposure Scale (C-ME). Descriptive statistics were applied to determine categorical variables such as frequencies and percentages. To find out relationship between variables, spearman correlation analysis was done and regression analysis was used to find out the prediction among variables. According to results, it was revealed that there is a significant association between parental bonding along with maternal care, paternal care, maternal overprotection, paternal overprotection and childhood abuse. Moreover, results also demonstrated that parental bonding along with low maternal care, maternal overprotection, paternal overprotection and childhood abuse strongly predict gender dysphoria in young university students. The findings validate psychological frameworks including attachment theory, trauma theory and family systems theory which highlight early caregiving and negative experiences as fundamental determinants for self-concept and identity formation.Item Neural Velocity, Emotive Recalibration, and Attentional Capacity in Patients Diagnosed with Bipolar I and Bipolar II(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Atqa Khan; CIIT/FA23-RCP-003/LHR; Dr. Frazana Ashraf; LHR TP 9713The present study was designed to compare the psychological aspects, such as attentional capacity, emotive recalibration, and neural velocity, in bipolar I patients and bipolar II patients. The present research employed a between-group comparative research design. A sample of 31 individuals diagnosed with bipolar (Bipolar I=16 and Bipolar II=15) was taken through purposive sampling. The Digit Span, Emotional Stroop, and Trail Making Test measured attentional capacity, emotive recalibration, and neural velocity, respectively. The IBM-SPSS 27 version software was used to analyze the data using a Mann Whitney U test. The study assumed that individuals with bipolar I disorder are likely to have poorer attention span, neural velocity, and emotive recalibration than individuals with bipolar II. Furthermore, the study also assumed that on all cognitive tools, women with bipolar II will score higher than men with bipolar II. In contrast, men with bipolar I will score higher than women with bipolar I. The findings revealed that individuals with bipolar I disorder have poorer attention span, neural velocity, and emotive recalibration. Additionally, the findings showed no gender difference between bipolar I and bipolar II patients. In conclusion, this study facilitated accurate diagnosis by providing proper insight into the psychological aspects of the disorder and personalized, tailored treatment for each individual, as well as advancing research.Item Lived Experiences of Victims of Narcissistic Abuse: A Phenomenological Exploration of the Psychological Impact(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Seerat Shafique; FA23-RCP-017/LHR; Dr. Muneeba Shakil; LHR TP 9726This qualitative study employed a phenomenological research design to explore the lived experiences of Pakistani women who endured narcissistic abuse in spousal relationships. Using purposive and extreme case sampling, eight divorced women aged 25–40 from Lahore, Pakistan, were selected based on strict inclusion criteria and screening through a researcher-developed Narcissistic Abuse Screening Tool (NAST). Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) with the aid of NVivo software. Findings revealed recurring themes of psychological and emotional distress, including persistent feelings of pain, helplessness, mistrust, and betrayal. Participants shared experiences of emotional and physical abuse, alongside social isolation and stigma. However, amid this suffering, many women demonstrated resilience, reporting personal growth, empowerment, and emotional healing over time. Their recovery was often facilitated through emotional coping strategies, support systems, and a strong desire to protect their children. The study highlighted how cultural factors, family dynamics, and social expectations shaped the women’s journeys through abuse and recovery. By giving voice to survivors, this study not only provides culturally relevant insights into narcissistic abuse in Pakistani society, but also emphasizes the importance of mental health support, trauma-informed care, and empowerment-focused interventions. These narratives are a testament to the strength of women who, despite enduring psychological trauma, managed to reclaim their identities and rebuild their lives.Item Association of Emotional Reactivity and Psychopathy-Linked Narcissism with Social Competence in Young Adults(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Ayesha Javaid; CIIT/FA23-RCP-005/LHR; Dr. Maryam Amjad; LHR TP 9715Emotional reactivity and social competence are central to healthy psychological functioning, particularly in the transitional period of early adulthood. Psychopathy-linked narcissism characterized by emotional detachment, grandiosity, and impulsivity may negatively influence emotional regulation and interpersonal effectiveness, thereby undermining social development. This study examines how narcissistic traits associated with psychopathy affect emotional reactivity and perceived social competence in a sample of young adults. Participants were 300 university students (aged 19–25), recruited from both private and public institutions using a convenience sampling method. The research employed a correlational cross-sectional design, utilizing the Anti-Social Process Screening Device (APSD), the short version of the Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale (PERS), and the Perceived Social Competence Scale II (PSCS-II). Results indicated that psychopathy-linked narcissism was significantly negatively associated with both emotional reactivity and social competence (r=−.16 to −.20, p<0.01). Further, emotional reactivity mediated the relationship between narcissistic traits and social competence, suggesting that emotional disengagement may serve as a mechanism through which narcissism impairs interpersonal functioning (χ2 = 2.4, p > .05). Gender differences were also explored, with male participants reporting higher levels of narcissistic traits and lower emotional reactivity compared to females. These findings underscore the importance of addressing emotional and personality-based factors in promoting social and emotional well-being among young adults. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions that enhance emotional awareness and interpersonal sensitivity, especially in educational and counseling settingsItem Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Interventions and Art Therapy on Emotional Regulation of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Shumaila Nawaz; CIIT/FA23-RCP-018/LHR; Dr. Farzana Ashraf; LHR TP 9727This study was planned to explore the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions and art therapy on the emotional regulation of children with ADHD. In this quasi-experimental study (pre and post assessment), participants were diagnosed ADHD children aged between 6-12 years (M= 7.73, SD = 1.75). A purposive sampling technique was employed to select participants, and data were collected from the Autism Centers of Lahore, Pakistan. Standardized instruments, including the Emotional Regulation Checklist, the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, and the Conners Teacher and Parent Rating Scale, were used for the pre-assessment of the study participants. Participants were divided into three groups. Group A, Group B, and Group C received art therapy, mindfulness-based intervention, and a combination of both therapies, respectively. Participants undergo an interim assessment after three weeks, and a final post- assessment is conducted for each study group participant. Results indicated the significant enhancement of emotional regulation among children. The findings reveal that both therapies are effective for ADHD children with ADHD to enhance their emotional regulation. There was a significant effect of time on emotional regulation across all groups, F(2, 42) = 13.84, p < .001, indicating that emotional regulation scores changed over time. These results suggested that emotional regulation scores were significantly impacted by the passage of time, with a general decline observed across the groups. However, the greater effect over time was seen in Group CItem Vicarious Stigma, Resentment and Resilience in Parents of Children with Psychological disorders(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Aqsa Javed; CIIT/FA23-RCP-002/LHR; Dr. Maryam Amjad; LHR TP 9712Parents of children with psychological disorders often encounter not only the challenges of caregiving but also the emotional burden of societal attitudes and judgements. This research examined vicarious stigma, resentment and resilience in parents of children with psychological disorders. In this study the participants were parents of 200 children diagnosed with different psychological morbidities, recruited from the Government Hospitals of Lahore through purposive sampling. These parents were requested to fill demographic sheet, Vicarious Stigma Scale (Corrigan, 2018), Parent Anger Scale (Del Vecchio et al., 2017) and Brief Resilience Scale (Bruce et al., 2008). The findings of the study revealed that there is significant positive association between vicarious stigma and resentment while the stigma also predicts resentment. Whereas, resentment had a significant negative association with resilience (p <.05) in the parents with psychological disorders. However, vicarious stigma verified its role as a mediating variable between resentment and resilience (x2> .05, 95%CI). This research can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the complex experiences of parents and caregivers, ultimately enhancing support and services for families. Moreover, identifying factors that promote resilience can help develop interventions to enhance parental well-being.