Department of Psychology

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Adaptation of Children Apperception Test- Human Cards to Pakistani Culture
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Ruman Jamil; CIIT/FA23-RCP-015/LHR; Dr. Muneeba Shakil; LHR TP 9724
The original CAT-H contains cultural biases, as some of its images do not reflect the valid experiences of children in Pakistan. Therefore, this study aimed to culturally adapt the CAT-H, to align with the local stereotypes of family structures, dress codes, culture, and social events. A sample of 25 children ranging in age between 5 to 10 years was recruited for the study. Sample included psychologically healthy children (N = 10, Mean age = 7.7 years, SD = 1.6) recruited through purposive sampling and children diagnosed with psychiatric Disorders (N = 15, Mean age = 7.6 years, SD = 1.5) recruited through convenient sampling. The adaptation process involved Recruitment of Artist and Initial Adaptation, Process of Review & Refinement Expert Panel and Finalization of adapted Test Cards. To ensure the reliability of the adapted CAT-H, the parallel form and test-retest reliability analysis was carried out. Results revealed strong parallel form and inter-rater reliability index for the Adapted Children Apperception Test-Human. The use of the culturally adapted CAT-H proves to valuable, as it will enable psychologists to evaluate children’s psycho-social and emotional well-being effectively. It will support the screening of relevant factors such as family dynamics, trauma, social relationships, personality characteristics, and developmental concerns that were timely and culturally appropriate within the Pakistani context.
Adult Mental Well-Being during COVID-19: Resilience, Gratitude, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation as Predictors
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2021-11-20) Mahwish Abbas; Sp17-bpy-018; Dr. Shameem Fatima
The Covid 19 pandemic has badly affected the mental wellbeing of individuals. So the current study was planned to explore the positive personal resources that may contribute to individual’s mental wellbeing. Therefore, the primary aim of the present study was to assess the association of resilience and gratitude with mental wellbeing in adults. A secondary aim was to assess the mediating role of two selected cognitive emotion regulation strategies in these associations. To approach the study objectives two cognitive emotion regulation strategies were assessed including refocus on planning and positive reappraisal. A sample comprising of 200 adults, ranging in age from 19-60 years (M age= 30.07, SD= 12.54) was accessed through an online survey. A convenient sampling strategy was used to approach the participants and to collect data. The Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (Tennant et al., 2007), Brief Resilience Scale (Smith et al., 2008), The Gratitude Questionnaire (McCullough, 2002) and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2007) were used to assess mental wellbeing, resilience, gratitude and the cognitive emotion regulation respectively. To test the hypotheses, Pearson product moment correlation and multimediation analyses were analyzed. The results demonstrated that resilience and gratitude were positively correlated with the two cognitive emotion regulation strategies, refocus on planning and positive reappraisal, and both of these regulation strategies were also associated positively associated with mental wellbeing. Additionally, resilience and gratitude were also positively correlated with mental wellbeing. Moreover, the findings from multimediation analysis revealed that only positive reappraisal out of two emotion regulation strategies significantly mediated the gratitude-mental wellbeing link; and both emotion regulation strategies significantly mediated the resilience-mental wellbeing link. Limitations, implications and future directions of the current study were also discussed.
An analysis of psycholinguistics in social classes of Pakistan
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) Ramal Fatima; FA19-BPY-033; Dr. Muneeba Shakil; LHR TP 8385
This qualitative research explores the difficulties that people from different socioeconomic classes encounter while trying to learn English in Lahore, Pakistan. The study examines the psychological aspects of language acquisition while concentrating on the effect of social class on English language competence. A phenomenological study methodology was used with 18 participants from lower middle and high socioeconomic strata. Two major themes emerged from the data analysis. The first challenges and proficiency in acquiring English language skills and second motivation to acquire English language skills. Due of their limited exposure to English, participants from lower socioeconomic levels had trouble with grammar, vocabulary, and understanding. They also had to deal with psychological difficulties like nervousness and trepidation. These people demonstrated a desire to learn English in spite of these challenges because they wanted to improve their chances of finding job and develop personally. Participants from the medium and upper socioeconomic strata showed greater proficiency and command of the English language. Despite the fact that they periodically had difficulties with accent, vocabulary, grammar, and fluency, their drive, optimism, and positive approach were essential to their success in learning the language. As influencing variables in their language proficiency, exposure, practice, interactions, travel experiences, and attending English-medium schools were all noted. The impact of social class on English language competency and psycholinguistic experiences in Pakistan is clarified by this study. It draws attention to the challenges that people from different socioeconomic backgrounds confront and underscores the importance of psychological elements in language acquisition
Association Among Social Networking Usage, Social Isolation and Violence Tendency in Pakistani Youth
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) Usama Faheem; FA19-BPY-062; Dr. Shameem Fatima; LHR TP 8408
The purpose of this quantitative study was to evaluate the link between between social isolation, social networking usage, and tendencies of violent attitudes in young adults. Convenient sampling method used to collect data for this quantitative study from 300 participants, age ranging between 18 to 25years years (M=18.95, SD= 1.12). Demographic Questionnaire, Social networking addiction, Revised Attitudes towards Violence Scales were used. Self-report questionnaires were employed to gather data on various traits, including violence propensity, social isolation, and social networking usage patterns. In order to investigate the relationships between these variables, correlation and regression analyses were conducted. The findings of the study indicated that social isolation acts as a mediator between social networking addiction and attitudes towards violent behavior. Specifically, excessive use of social media was found to be associated with increased social isolation among Pakistani youth. This suggests that the overuse of social media platforms may hinder face-to-face social interactions and contribute to feelings of disconnection, thereby fostering a positive attitude towards violent behavior. Additionally, there was a positive correlation observed between social networking addiction and aggression sentiments. Individuals who exhibited addiction-like behaviors towards social media displayed a more favorable outlook on violence. This implies that social media platforms may exert an influence on the perception of violence among Pakistani youth. These findings have important implications for mental health professionals, educators, and policymakers, as they highlight the need for effective interventions and strategies to address the detrimental consequences of excessive social networking use and social isolation among Pakistani youth. By understanding the linkages between these factors, it becomes possible to develop targeted approaches that mitigate the negative impacts on mental well-being and promote healthier online and offline interactions
Association between Perfectionism, Memory Deficits, and Generalized Anxiety in Computer Programmers
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) Muhammad Awais; FA19-BPY-053; Dr. Farzana Ashraf; LHR TP 8400
The current research study focuses on and aims to check the association or link between perfectionism, memory deficits, and generalized anxiety in computer programmers of Pakistan. The findings and results of the study show that there is a significant association or link between generalized anxiety and memory deficits and perfectionism acts as the significant moderator of generalized anxiety and memory deficits. Since the association between these variable of the study is the main and basic interest of the study and research, 457 computer programmers from different institutes were taken as the sample of the study. They all were young adults and working programmers having at least one or two-year of experiences in the field. The data was gathered through a convenient and slowball sampling technique. Generalized anxiety has a significant and negative association or link with memory deficits and perfectionism act as the moderator in generalized anxiety and memory deficits. Three assessment scales were used to check perfectionism, memory deficits, and generalized anxiety in computer programmers. The scales are the Big Three Perfectionism Scale-Short form, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, and Memory Deficits scale. This research study highlights the inverse relationship between 11 perfectionism and generalized anxiety among Pakistani computer programmers, suggesting that perfectionism may serve as a protective factor against stress in this demographic.
Association between Perfectionism, Memory Deficits, and Generalized Anxiety in Computer Programmers
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) Muhammad Awais; FA19-BPY-053; Dr. Farzana Ashraf; LHR TP 8400
The current research study focuses on and aims to check the association or link between perfectionism, memory deficits, and generalized anxiety in computer programmers of Pakistan. The findings and results of the study show that there is a significant association or link between generalized anxiety and memory deficits and perfectionism acts as the significant moderator of generalized anxiety and memory deficits. Since the association between these variable of the study is the main and basic interest of the study and research, 457 computer programmers from different institutes were taken as the sample of the study. They all were young adults and working programmers having at least one or two-year of experiences in the field. The data was gathered through a convenient and slowball sampling technique. Generalized anxiety has a significant and negative association or link with memory deficits and perfectionism act as the moderator in generalized anxiety and memory deficits. Three assessment scales were used to check perfectionism, memory deficits, and generalized anxiety in computer programmers. The scales are the Big Three Perfectionism Scale-Short form, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, and Memory Deficits scale. This research study highlights the inverse relationship between perfectionism and generalized anxiety among Pakistani computer programmers, suggesting that perfectionism may serve as a protective factor against stress in this demographic.
Association between Stressful Life Events, Alexithymia, Anxiety Sensitivity and Intimate Partner Acceptance Rejection among Pregnant Women
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Saira Majeed; SP23-RCP-023; Dr. Farzana Ashraf; LHR TP 9516
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Stressful Life Events, Alexithymia Anxiety Sensitivity, and Intimate Partner Acceptance & Rejection among pregnant women. Using a correlational research design and purposive sampling technique, data were collected from (n=300) participants aged between 18 and 40 by using a questionnaire measuring the frequency of Stressful Life Events, ischemia anxiety Sensitivity, and Intimate Partner Acceptance & Rejection. Participants were selected from the different Punjab hospitals and divided into trimester and after pregnancy. Standardized instruments used in the study were the Stressful Life Events Screening Questionnaire (SLESQ), Toronto Alexithymia (TAS), Anxiety Sensitivity, and Intimate Adult Relationship Questionnaire (IARQ). The result indicated that stressful life events significantly predicted both Alexithymia and Anxiety Sensitivity moderated Intimate Partner Acceptance & Rejection, and this relationship. These findings suggest that emotional dysregulation and heightened sensitivity may enhance the impact of stressful life events on intimate relationships. They provide valuable insight into possible factors that can contribute to partner acceptance and rejection and have practical implications for developing culturally appropriate interventions and policies.
Association of Emotional Reactivity and Psychopathy-Linked Narcissism with Social Competence in Young Adults
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Ayesha Javaid; CIIT/FA23-RCP-005/LHR; Dr. Maryam Amjad; LHR TP 9715
Emotional reactivity and social competence are central to healthy psychological functioning, particularly in the transitional period of early adulthood. Psychopathy-linked narcissism characterized by emotional detachment, grandiosity, and impulsivity may negatively influence emotional regulation and interpersonal effectiveness, thereby undermining social development. This study examines how narcissistic traits associated with psychopathy affect emotional reactivity and perceived social competence in a sample of young adults. Participants were 300 university students (aged 19–25), recruited from both private and public institutions using a convenience sampling method. The research employed a correlational cross-sectional design, utilizing the Anti-Social Process Screening Device (APSD), the short version of the Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale (PERS), and the Perceived Social Competence Scale II (PSCS-II). Results indicated that psychopathy-linked narcissism was significantly negatively associated with both emotional reactivity and social competence (r=−.16 to −.20, p<0.01). Further, emotional reactivity mediated the relationship between narcissistic traits and social competence, suggesting that emotional disengagement may serve as a mechanism through which narcissism impairs interpersonal functioning (χ2 = 2.4, p > .05). Gender differences were also explored, with male participants reporting higher levels of narcissistic traits and lower emotional reactivity compared to females. These findings underscore the importance of addressing emotional and personality-based factors in promoting social and emotional well-being among young adults. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions that enhance emotional awareness and interpersonal sensitivity, especially in educational and counseling settings
Attachment Styles, Dark Tetrad Personality And Friendship Quality In Young Adults
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Ayesha Bibi; SP20-BPY-032; Ms. Zaeema Farooq; LHR TP 8889
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between Attachment styles, Dark tetrad personality and Friendship Quality in young adults. A correlational design was used, and the sample consisted of 400 young adults, including males (n=192) and females(n=208) with age range 18 to 25 with (M = 20.84, SD = 1.53). The study variables were evaluated using self-report instruments such as a demographics questionnaire, Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS; Collins, 1996), Dark tetrad personality scale (Jones, 2018), and Friendship Quality Scale (Bukowski, Hoza, and Boivin, 1994). Dark tetrad traits had a significantly positive correlation with attachment styles and friendship quality. Moreover, Close and Anxiety are positive predictors of Dark tetrad personality whereas Depend was a negative predictor of Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, Sadism and positive predictor of Narcissism. Dark tetrad personality mediated the relationship between Attachment (close, depend, anxeity) and Friendship quality. Attachment styles were predictors of Dark Tetrad Personality traits. This study helps in understanding how small changes in Attachments or behavior can affect Personality changes and in turn help the society understand people with Dark Tetrad Personality Traits and help them in their lives and prevent such condition to introduce new Dark Personalities. This also helps in building strong and long living Relationships and Friendships. The implications of present study has been discussed.
Attachment, Intimate Relationship and Life Satisfaction Among University Students
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2020) Faiza Akhtar; SP17-BPY-022; Dr. Shazia Gulzar; LHR TP 6558
The focus of the current study was to determine the association between attachment, intimate relationship and life satisfaction among university students. In the current research it was hypothesized that i) there would be significant positive relationship between attachment and intimate relationship, ii) there would be significant positive relationship between attachment and life satisfaction, iii) there would be significant gender difference in terms of all three variables and iv) there would be significant effect of pertinent demographic variable on these three variables. A sample of 241 participants (men = 110 and women = 131) in age range from 19-25 were selected as the test sample. Attachment, intimate relationships and life satisfaction of students were assessed by using Adult Attachment (Scale Hazen & Shaver 1987) , Intimate Relationship Scale (Gulzar & Mehmood, 2018) and The Satisfaction with Life Scale (Pavot and Diener, 2008). Results indicated that attachment and life satisfaction have significantly positive correlation with intimate relationships. Moreover, Secure attachment has significant positive correlation with life satisfaction while ambivalent and avoidant are negatively correlated with life satisfaction, which means people with secure attachment are satisfied with their life, while those who have avoidant and ambivalent attachment their satisfaction with life is poor. It is also concluded that secure attachment has positive correlation with intimate relationship and avoidant and ambivalent attachment have negative relationship with intimate relationship. Moreover, intimacy in relation has strong positive relationship with secure attachment while negative with conflict in attachment, which represents that people having secure attachment, their intimate relations are better and they have high intimacy in relation where as their conflict in relations are really low. Whereas avoidant and ambivalent attachment have negative association with intimate relationship and intimacy in relation whereas positive relation with conflict in relation, this demonstrates that ix individuals having avoidant and ambivalent attachment have low level of intimacy in their intimate relationships where they have high conflict in their relations.
Attitude towards English Language Learning, Procrastination and Language Learning Outcomes among Undergraduate Students in Lahore, Pakistan
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) Wasiqa Aslam; F19-BPY-052; Dr. Shameem Fatima; LHR TP 8399
The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the association between attitudes towards English language learning, procrastination and language learning outcomes among undergraduate students in Lahore, Pakistan. It further aimed to examine whether gender and residential setup moderated academic procrastination and attitude towards English language learning. To conduct the study, a sample of 500 undergraduate students, ranging in age 17 to 25 years (M=21.33, SD=1.88) were selected from different private and public universities of Lahore, Pakistan. The Convenient sampling technique was used to approach the participants. The Academic Procrastination Scale (McCloskey, 2011), Questionnaire of attitudes toward learning English (Uribe et al., 2008) were used to assess the Academic procrastination and attitude towards English language learning respectively. Correlation and Regression analysis were used to test the hypothesis. The result showed that academic procrastination negatively correlated with attitude towards English language learning that showed that students whose procrastination level was higher had less positive attitude towards English language learning and secured low GPA. The significant moderating role of gender between academic procrastination and attitude towards English language learning showed no significant moderation by gender. However, gender group differences were significant. Such that male university students score higher on academic procrastination as compared to female university students and female university students who scored higher on attitude towards English language learning and secured higher GPA then male university students. Moreover, moderating role of residential setup in association between academic procrastination and attitude towards English language, was significant and showed that the association was stronger in university students from rural setup compare to urban setup. Additional findings showed that the students from urban areas have higher academic procrastination compare to those belonging to rural areas, students from rural areas they showed more positive attitude towards English language learning and secured higher GPA as compared to those students who belong to urban areas. Implications of the current study have been discussed.
Automatic Thoughts, Fear of Negative Evaluation, And Emotional Inhibition in University Students
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) Mahnoor Amjad; SP20-BPY-018; Ms. Huma Yasin; LHR TP 8871
The purpose of this quantitative study was to evaluate the relationship between Automatic Thoughts, Fear of Negative Evaluation and Emotional Inhibition. A convenient sampling method used to collect data for this quantitative study from 300 participants age ranging between 18 to 25 years (M=20.96, SD= 2.045). Demographic Questionnaire, Automatic Thought Questionnaire (AQT-B-15), Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation (BFNE), and Emotional Inhibition Scale ELS were used. The Inter-correlation analysis demonstrated that automatic thoughts and fear of negative evaluation positively and significantly correlated with emotional inhibition. Findings suggest that those who have Automatic Thoughts have greater risk of fear of negative evaluation. Regression analysis showed that Emotional Inhibition are significantly correlated with Automatic Thoughts also positively and significantly correlated with Fear of Negative Evaluation. All paths are showed to be significant. These findings have important implications for clinical practice, education, research, policy-making and public health policy. This study will contribute on prevention measures as emerging adults have to go later in their marital, social, and professional life. Educational programs should design to promote healthy and responsible way to cope up with this. Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms and consider potential mediating or moderating factors. Despite the limitation, this study will contribute in understating the determinant factors that affects the automatic thoughts, fear of negative evaluation and emotional inhibition.
Body Shaming, Social Appearance Anxiety and Mental Health in Young Adults
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Aisha Javed; Sp20-BPY-034; Ms. Bareera Saeed; LHR TP 8890
The current study used a correlational research design to investigate a relationship between body shaming, social appearance anxiety and mental health in young adults. It was hypothesized that there would be an association between body shaming, social appearance anxiety and mental health in young adults. The 400 undergraduates (N=400) in the sample ranged in age from 19 to 25 years (M= 21.54 SD= 2.58) old of them, including males (n=200) and Females (n=200). A convenient sampling approach was employed to gather data from several government and private universities. The approach to participation and data collection employed a convenient sampling. The degree of body shaming, social appearance anxiety, and mental health were assessed using the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS: Hart, Wearing, & Newlove, 1999), Body Objectified Consciousness Scale (OBCS: Mckinley & Hyde‚ 1996), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS: Lovibond, 1995). It were revealed that body shaming had positive correlated with social appearance anxiety and mental health. Moreover body shaming and social appearance anxiety are likely to predict mental health.
BURNOUT, PERFECTIONISM AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS OF PAKISTAN
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) RUMAN JAMIL; FA19-BPY-012; DR. MUNEEBA SHAKIL; LHR TP 8371
The current study was carried out to determine the association between burnout, perfectionism and psychological distress in university students of Pakistan. It was hypothesized that there will be a statistically significant predictive association between burnout, perfectionism and psychological distress, where perfectionism will act as a predictor between burnout and psychological distress. A sample of 500 participants aged 19-25 (Mean age = 22.06) was selected through simple random sampling technique from different government and private universities of Lahore. Participants responded to demographic information sheet, Perfectionism Scale, Depression, Stress and Anxiety Scale (DASS-21) and Burnout Scale. Analysis revealed that Perfectionism, Depression, and Stress are associated with burnout in university students Furthermore, Correlation analysis suggest that perfectionism is weak positive correlated with burnout and anxiety. Depression is strong positively correlated with anxiety and stress. Anxiety is strong positively correlated with stress, and stress is weak positively correlated with burnout. The study showed that burnout leads university students towards perfectionism and burnout, perfectionism and psychological distress are associated with each other. The present research also contributes to relevant empirical information and evidence in Pakistani Literature. Keywords: Perfectionism, Burnout, Stress, Anxiety, Depression
Character Strength Virtues, Mental Wellbeing and Life Satisfaction in two Generations of Pakistan
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2021) Haleema Sadia; SP17-BPY-007; Dr. Muneeba Shakil; LHR TP 6561
The present study was carried out to determine differences between character strengths virtues, mental wellbeing, and life satisfaction among two generations (Y & Z) of Pakistan. It was also aimed to determine gender difference among the three mentioned aspects within a generation. It was hypothesized that i) There will be significant differences in character strength virtues, mental well being and life satisfaction of generation Y and Z; and ii) There will be significant gender differences in character strength virtues, mental well-being and life satisfaction of generation Y and Z. The sample included 198 participants of generation Y (101 male & 97 female, Mage = 32.33, SD = 2.40) with age range 29-37 years and 201 participants of generation Z (81 men & 120 women, Mage = 21.41, SD = 1.99) with age range 16-24 selected through random sampling via online data collection and was recruited from different universities of Lahore, Pakistan. Participants responded to the Global Assessment of Character Strengths-24 (McGrath, 2017), Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing (Braunholtz et al., 2007), and The Satisfaction with Life Scales (Diener et al., 1985). Results indicated that the differences between character strength virtues, mental well-being, and life satisfaction between the two generations were statistically significant. Findings suggest that generation Y is better than generation Z in all the mentioned aspects and further revealed significant gender differences in terms of mental well-being among both generations. Men's mental well-being from both generation y and generation z was found to be better than females of their generation.
Child Maltreatment, Drug Stigmatization, Emotional Regulation, and Cognitive Functioning in Substance Abusers
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Huma Javed; SP23-RCP-007/LHR; Dr. Farzana Ashraf; LHR TP 9507
Substance abuse is well explained by the ambiguous pattern of use of substances that results in instigating substantial distress evidenced by recurrent adverse consequences allied to frequent use of substances, including fetching in risky behaviors and actions that persist in social or interpersonal problems and exert a significant enduring impact on individual’s physiological as well as psychological health. The present study explores the connotation of childhood maltreatment, drug stigmatization, emotional regulation, and cognitive functioning in substance abusers. The research will employ a purposive sampling technique and a correlational research design using standardized psychological assessment tools such as the Demographic Information Form, Adverse Childhood Experiences scale, Perceived Stigma Scale, Emotional Regulation Questionnaire, and MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale) to screen substance abusers. This study will also explore the mediating role of emotional regulation in the association between childhood maltreatment and drug stigmatization and the moderating role of cognitive functioning in the mediated path between childhood maltreatment, drug Stigmatization, and emotional regulation. The sample will be comprised of 300 diagnosed substance abusers (withdrawal states), including four main categories, i.e., Cannabis-related disorders, Opioids related disorders, Alcohol-related disorders, and Stimulants- related disorders, in different government hospitals and rehabilitation centers of the Lahore district and conscripted through purposive sampling. The age of participants ranged between (18-45 years). The collected data will be evaluated through SPSS-26 for statistical analysis, directing to subsidize a comprehensive understanding of substance abuse etiology in the Pakistani enlightening setting.
Childhood Trauma, Alexithymia and Emotional Dysregulation in Adults with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Khadija Tul Zahra; CIIT/SP23-RCP-009/LHR; Dr. Mahira Ahmed; LHR TP 9541
This current study was conducted with the aim of examining the relationship among childhood trauma, emotional dysregulation and alexithymia in adults with obsessive compulsive disorder. Using correlational research design, the participants with the age range of 20-44 years were selected through purposive sampling strategy for the participants diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorder from different hospital in Lahore. This study revealed that almost 51.1% males and 48.9% females has participated. Toronto Alexithymia Scale (Bagby, 1994), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-short form (Bernstein & Fink, 1998) and Emotional Regulation Inventory (Roth et al., 2009) were utilized. Moreover, results revealed that childhood trauma was associated with emotional dysregulation. Furthermore, regression analysis reported that childhood trauma is significant predictor of alexithymia and emotional dysregulation and explains the variance in alexithymia and emotional dysregulation. In addition, mediation analysis showed that the significant indirect pathway of the study variables which further revealed that there is variation from alexithymia among childhood trauma and emotional dysregulation. Thus, findings revealed that there is significant correlation between childhood trauma and emotional dysregulation among adults with obsessive compulsive disorder. Alexithymia significantly mediates the association between childhood trauma and alexithymia. Moreover, this research would be beneficial to fill out the research gap in Pakistani literature as there is scarcity in studying the mediating pathway of alexithymia among obsessive compulsive disorder adults in Pakistan. People might take guidance that child’s environment must be hindrance free so that they could protect themselves from developing pathologies in later life.
Cognitive Control and Decision Making among Adults: The Role of Aging
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2018) Manoor Khan; SP14-BPSY-013; Dr. Shameem Fatima; LHR TP 5405
The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the direct and indirect relationship between aging, cognitive control and decision making, and to assess whether age moderates the relationship between cognitive control and decision making styles. To conduct the study, a sample of 195 adults, ranging in age from 30-59 years, were selected from different institutions and organizations of the Lahore city. It was hypothesized that there would be significant relationships between age, cognitive control, and decision-making styles. It was also hypothesized that there would be significant relationship between age and decision-making styles in adults. Additionally, it was hypothesized that cognitive control would mediate the association between age and decision-making styles. Moreover, it was also hypothesized that age would moderate the relationship between cognitive control and decision-making styles. The convenient sampling technique was used to approach the participants. DKEFS Color Word Interference test, and Design Fluency Test (Delis, Kaplan, & Krammer, 2001), General Decision Making Style Inventory (Scott,& Bruce, 1995) were used to assess the level of cognitive control, and the styles of decision making respectively. Pearson product movement correlation and moderated mediation analyses were used to test study hypotheses. The Results showed that age and cognitive control were positively correlated with rational and spontaneous decision-making styles, while negatively correlated with dependent and avoidant decision-making styles. Findings from mediation analyses indicated that cognitive control as assessed from CWIT measure mediated the relationship between age and dependent, avoidant, and spontaneous decision-making styles, while cognitive control as assessed from DFT mediated the link of age with dependent and avoidant decision making styles. Finally, moderation analyses indicated that cognitive control was more strongly correlated with dependent, avoidant, and spontaneous decision making styles among older adults as compared to middle adults. Limitations, implications, and future directions of the current study were discussed
Cognitive Emotion Regulation Explains the Religious Coping- Mental-well-being Link during COVID-19 in Young Adults
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2020) Mahnoor Arshad; SP17-BPY-013; Dr. Shameem Fatima; LHR TP 6971
The purpose of the current study was twofold: i) to assess the direct, and indirect associations between religious coping, cognitive emotion regulation strategies and mental well being, and ii) to examine whether physical health status moderates the mediated associations between religious coping, cognitive emotion regulation strategies and mental well-being. For this purpose, religious coping was assessed from positive religious coping and negative religious coping; and two selective emotion regulation strategies, Positive reappraisal and Self-blaming, were assessed in the current study. A sample of 200 young adults, ranging in age from 19-36 years (M age= 21.43, SD= 2.96; Men = 82, Women = 116) was selected through an online survey to assess the study objectives. Convenient sampling strategy was used to approach participants and collect data. The Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (Tennant et al., 2007), Brief RCOPE (Pargament et al., 2011) and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2007) were used to assess the mental well-being, level of religious coping, and the use of cognitive emotion regulation respectively. Pearson product-moment correlation and moderated mediation analysis were used to test study hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed that only positive religious coping was positively correlated with one cognitive emotion regulation strategy, positive reappraisal, and mental well-being. Findings from mediation analysis indicated that positive reappraisal significantly mediated the link between positive religious coping and mental well-being. Finally, physical health status moderated the mediated association between positive religious coping, positive reappraisal, and mental well-being. More specifically, the mediated link was stronger for participants who reported good physical health status compared to those who reported poor physical health. Limitations, implications and future directions of the current study were also discussed.
Compassion fatigue, emotional regulation, frustration tolerance in the therapists working with special needs Children
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Maryam Ghaffar; CIIT/FA23-RCP-009/LHR; Dr. MaryamAmjad; Compassion fatigue, emotional regulation
Workload and static circumstances may frustrate those professionals who are serving them diligently and many other circumstances may make them vulnerable to disturbed emotional state. The current study aimed to evaluate the association between compassion fatigue, difficulties in emotional regulation and frustration discomfort. Therefore, a sample of 200 therapists (125 Women) were recruited through convenient sampling strategy. Compassion Fatigue‐Short Scale (CF‐Short Scale; Figley, 1995), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-16; Gratz & Roemer, 2004) and Frustration Discomfort Scale (FDS; Harington, 2005) were administered to assess the level of study variables. The findings of the study revealed that there is significant positive association between all the study variables (p < .05). In the mediation analysis, difficulties in emotional regulation was considered as mediating variable between compassion fatigue and frustration discomfort (χ²>.05, 95% CI). This study implicates the need of providing balanced workload and a burnout leave for these therapists after a fixed time interval. This step would improve their performance level significantly while enhancing their compassion and regulating their emotions in a positive manner. Keywords: compassion fatigue, emotional regulation, frustration discomfort, therapists