Development and Validation of Executive Functioning Rating Scale for Pakistani Adults

Abstract

The present study aimed to develop and validate a culturally relevant Executive Functioning Rating Scale tailored for Pakistani Adults. Recognizing the limitations of existing executive functioning tools mostly developed in western contexts, the current research seeks to create a reliable and ecologically valid instrument that reflects the socio-cultural realities of Pakistani populations. A 56-item self-report scale was initially generated, covering eight core domains: inhibition, cognitive flexibility, working memory, problem solving, planning and organization, self-monitoring, decision-making, emotional control. The scale was administered to a convenient sample of young adults. Principal Factor Analysis for evaluating the factor structure of the subscales and psychometric validation encompassing evaluations of convergent validity and predictive validity were conducted on the finals scale comprising 51 items. Convergent validity was assessed using Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functions-Adult version and predictive validity was assessed through World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale, and a social Functioning scale. Results indicated satisfactory reliability and validity of executive functioning rating scale, supporting its use as a standardized tool for assessing executive functioning in diverse adult population across Pakistan. The findings underscore the necessity for indigenous executive functioning assessment measure in Pakistani context and contribute to the broader understanding of executive functioning in adults among this population.