Department of Psychology
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/handle/123456789/255
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Item SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION, SELF-ESTEEM, DEPRESSION AND PREOCCUPATION IN PAKISTANI MARRIED YOUTH(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Umair Jameel; FA19-BPY-001; Dr. Muneeba Shakil; LHR TP 8885Six Degrees was the first social networking site (SNS) that came out in 1997. It was based on the idea that there are only six steps between any two people. It is called the small world issue because of how connected people are thought to be, Facebook began as an online community for Harvard University students in 2004 and has since grown to be the most widely used SNS on the globe but it is not only one most used site there are many more. In 2016 globally 2.34 billion people used social networks. 22.9% of people worldwide accessed Facebook in that year according to available data. In 2015, the typical social media user in the USA and the UK spent 1.7 hours daily on the platform while users in the Philippines used it for an average of 3.7 hours daily. Because social media lets people talk to each other no matter where they are or what time it is, it seems that many people enjoy using it in their spare time. Communication and connection in the current world are mostly facilitated by SNSs and related applications. Social networking sites (SNS) allow users to create public profiles, share content with friends, and socialize with others online. Social networking apps and websites such as Twitter, WhatsApp, Snap chat and Instagram have made it simple for individuals particularly the younger generation. The only reason any of this is conceivable is that access to the internet has grown both widespread and inexpensive.The current era is heavily mediated by technology, including the basic human need to engage in social interaction; the new norm is to be online (Kuss& Griffiths, 2017).Item The Role of Assertiveness in Exposure to Workplace Bullying among University teachers(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) Sawera Farooq; FA19-BPY-055; Dr. Muneeba Shakil; LHR TP 8402Assertiveness can be defined as an effective communication style with the help of which a person expresses his feelings, thoughts, emotions, needs and wants while maintaining rights for himself and respect for others (Suripatty, 2021)." "Assertiveness is an ability to express your feelings, emotions, desires, and needs without violating the rights of others or without being aggressive (Goldfried, 2018). Assertiveness is the best tool for everyone to stand up for their rights without violating others' rights. Assertiveness allows us to communicate constructively and positively without being rude and manipulating them. It allows a person to confidently express his feelings and rights instead of blindly following others' rules. It allows you to recognize your self-worth, competency, and ability to perform a particular task. Everyone needs to adopt this essential social skill to succeed in life. It allows us to respect others and obey their orders at the same time while maintaining for ourselves as well. It allows people to construct boundaries based on their norms, thinking patterns, and feelings and not let others break them. Assertive people don't feel shy while demanding their rights; they can communicate about it confidently. Assertiveness is an essential skill that everyone needs to learn in their life to make their personality solid and practical. (Goldfried, 2018).Item Internet Addiction and Reading Attitude of University students of Lahore, Pakistan(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) Haziqa Inam; FA19-BPY-058; Dr. Muneeba Shakil; LHR TP 8404In an era when the internet dominates society, understanding internet addiction and how it impacts reading attitude is crucial, especially for university students. In this ground-breaking research, the vibrant student population of Lahore, Pakistan, is used to examine the complex relationship between internet addiction and reading attitudes. To fully understand this unique link, a precisely designed correlational study design is used in conjunction with a quantitative research approach. The sample comprises 502 spirited university students, aged 18-25 years (Mean age=20.05, S.D = 1.473), equally distributed across gender meticulously selected from an array of private and government institutions in Lahore. Measures include demographic questionnaire, Internet Addiction scale and Young Adult Reading Attitude scales were used to assess the variables. According to this research's compelling findings, there is a statistically significant positive correlation between internet addiction and reading attitude. Surprisingly, there is a correlation between higher levels of internet addiction and slightly more favorable attitudes towards reading. These results shed insight on the complex relationship between excessive internet use and university students’ perceptions of reading. This study emphasizes how crucial it is to recognize and treat the effects of internet addiction on reading behaviors and attitudes, providing insightful information for researchers, policymakers and educators alike.Item Social Support, Religious Coping, and Psychological Trauma in Flood Victims of Southern Punjab, Pakistan(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) Ayesha Ahsan; FA19-BPY-037; Dr. Muneeba Shakil; LHR TP 8387The present study focused on the association between social support, religious coping, and psychological trauma in flood victims of southern Punjab, Pakistan. In this co- relational study, the sample consisted of 150 (83 men & 67 women) flood victims with ages 29-50 (M=36.79, SD=5.851), selected through a convenient sampling technique. These participants were selected from Rajanpur and DG Khan by directly visiting them. Measures included the demographic questionnaire, the Multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS; Zimet et al., 1988), Brief RCOPE (Pargament, 1998), and the Impact of an Event Scale-Revised (IES-R; Wiess & Marmar, 1997). Correlation analysis demonstrated that psychological trauma had a strong negative correlation with social support and increased psychological trauma was associated with decreased social support. Moreover, negative religious coping had a moderate positive correlation with psychological trauma. Stepwise regression analysis also indicated that social support emerged as a strong predictor, demonstrating a negative association with psychological trauma. In addition, positive religious coping also had a significant negative association with psychological trauma, albeit weaker than social support, and negative religious coping was found to have a significant positive association with psychological trauma. The current study suggested that in light of the findings and the importance of social support and religious coping for this population's rehabilitation, mental health practitioners should better target their therapies to meet flood victims’ unique requirementItem An analysis of psycholinguistics in social classes of Pakistan(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) Ramal Fatima; FA19-BPY-033; Dr. Muneeba Shakil; LHR TP 8385This qualitative research explores the difficulties that people from different socioeconomic classes encounter while trying to learn English in Lahore, Pakistan. The study examines the psychological aspects of language acquisition while concentrating on the effect of social class on English language competence. A phenomenological study methodology was used with 18 participants from lower middle and high socioeconomic strata. Two major themes emerged from the data analysis. The first challenges and proficiency in acquiring English language skills and second motivation to acquire English language skills. Due of their limited exposure to English, participants from lower socioeconomic levels had trouble with grammar, vocabulary, and understanding. They also had to deal with psychological difficulties like nervousness and trepidation. These people demonstrated a desire to learn English in spite of these challenges because they wanted to improve their chances of finding job and develop personally. Participants from the medium and upper socioeconomic strata showed greater proficiency and command of the English language. Despite the fact that they periodically had difficulties with accent, vocabulary, grammar, and fluency, their drive, optimism, and positive approach were essential to their success in learning the language. As influencing variables in their language proficiency, exposure, practice, interactions, travel experiences, and attending English-medium schools were all noted. The impact of social class on English language competency and psycholinguistic experiences in Pakistan is clarified by this study. It draws attention to the challenges that people from different socioeconomic backgrounds confront and underscores the importance of psychological elements in language acquisitionItem Spiritual Intelligence of mothers as a Predictor of Self-Efficacy and Self- Compassion in Adolescents(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) Wajeeha Nadeem; FA19-BPY-038; Dr. Muneeba Shakil; LHR TP 8388This study aims to investigate the relationship between the spiritual intelligence of mothers and its impact on the self-efficacy and self-compassion levels of their adolescent children. The study employed a correlational research design, utilizing self-report questionnaires to collect data from a sample of adolescents aged 13 to 19 (M Age=15.88, S.D=2.10) years and their mothers. The Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI-24) was used to assess the spiritual intelligence of mothers, while the General Self- Efficacy Scale (GSE) and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) were employed to measure the self-efficacy and self-compassion levels of adolescents through convenient and snowball sampling. The results indicated a significant positive correlation between the spiritual intelligence of mothers and the self-efficacy and self-compassion levels of their adolescent children. Adolescents whose mothers exhibited higher levels of spiritual intelligence tended to report greater self-efficacy beliefs and higher levels of self-compassion. Furthermore, stepwise regression analysis revealed that the spiritual intelligence of mothers significantly predicted bothself-efficacy and self-compassion in adolescents, even after controlling for potential confounding variables. The presence of spiritual intelligence in mothers may contribute to the development of a secure and nurturing environment, promoting adolescents' belief in their own capabilities and their ability to treat themselves with kindness and understandingItem Cultural Formulation and Gender Disparities in Major Depressive Disorder: A Qualitative Analysis(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Saba Hakim khan; SP23-RCP-021; Dr. Muneeba ShakilThe purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of cultural formulation on Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) with respect to gender disparities in Pakistani patients. The study aimed to translate and adapt the Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) - Patient Version from English to Urdu, ensuring its cultural and linguistic validity and reliability. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase one involved cross-cultural translation of the CFI, following a forward-backward method by bilingual experts. Content validity was assessed by seven independent clinical psychologists, and the final version was pilot-tested on two MDD patients. In Phase Two, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to explore gender differences in depression among 12 purposively selected participants (6 men and 6 women) aged 18-60, diagnosed with mild to moderate MDD. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify cultural influences on gender disparities in MDD. The findings revealed that cultural and societal factors significantly shaped the mental health experiences of men and women differently. Male participants primarily faced pressure due to societal expectations and financial responsibilities, while female participants were more affected by emotional stress related to family expectations and gender roles. Females experienced MDD symptoms due to external factors, such as relationship challenges, whereas males' symptoms were linked to internal conflicts influenced by cultural norms. This study emphasizes the importance of considering cultural and gender-specific factors in the assessment and treatment of MDD, to better understand the unique mental health challenges faced by men and women in Pakistan.