Department of Management Science
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Item Interrelationship Between Basel Accords Regulations, Risk, and Banking Performance: An Empirical Analysis of Pakistan Top Three Banks(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Bushra Amjad; CIIT/SP24-RBA-040/LHR; Sir Imran Ur Rehman; LHR TP 10102This project analyses the Basel Accords rules, the banking risk and the financial performance in Pakistan with a particular interest of three leading commercial banks, which include Habib Bank Limited (HBL), United Bank Limited and National Bank of Pakistan (NBP). They are suitable to be compared because these banks control a major share of the banking sector in Pakistan and work under the same regulatory provisions as introduced by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP). The overall aims of the research are to understand how Basel regulations have influenced the risk management practices, to determine the connection between risk indicators and bank performance, to compare the risk exposure and performance of HBL, UBL and NBP, and to discuss how Basel Accords have influenced the financial constancy of the banking sector in Pakistan. The proposed research design will be quantitative and comparative research design based on secondary data obtained through audited annual reports and Basel III capital and liquidity disclosures of the chosen banks in 2023 and 2024. The most important regulatory variables are the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Risk-Weighted Assets and Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR). Risk indicators are Non-Performing Loan (NPL) ratio, liquidity ratio and operational risk proxies and performance measures are Return on Assets, Return on Equity (ROE) and Cost-to-Income Ratio. The analysis of the empirical data shows that the three banks meet the requirements of Basel III capital and liquidity requirements, and all ratios are much higher than the minimum ratios stipulated by SBP. This proves that Basel III application has enhanced the overall resilience and solvency of banking sector in Pakistan. The analysis however indicates that there is a big difference in the effectiveness of banks in using capital and liquidity to address the risk and generate profitability. UBL has the best balance between regulatory compliance and financial performance. It captures excellent increases in capital adequacy and continues to record low credit risk and record the highest profitability amongst the three banks. HBL has a consistent performance with average exposure to risk, which is indicative of a conservative and sustainable development strategy. Conversely, NBP has extremely high capital and liquidity buffer that increase stability but negatively impact on profitability and efficiency. The other reason that NBP is prone to greater credit risk is the high rate of non-performing loans that are mainly due to the exposure to the public sector.Item Nishat textiles( Nishat Mills Ltd.)(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2023-11-20) Saba Saif; SP20-BAF-023; Nayyar Pervaiz ButtThe summer internship is a golden opportunity for the students. I consider myself lucky to be working with Nishat textiles as an internee. The internship is basically a six weeks’ time period. It is not possible to penetrate deep into the organization within this short period and to study and observe all the processes that much deeply. My internship started from 21st July 2023 and ended on 31st August 2023. The following report is based on the experiences I have gained while working with different departments in Nishat and the information that I have collected. The products that the organization manufactures and in which sectors they are progressing are being discussed in detail. We will also look forward towards the marketing strategies that the organization is using also we will look for the strengths and weaknesses of the organization. We will conclude the paper by giving certain recommendations to the organization to overcome their weaknesses.Item SHEZAN INTERNATIONAL LIMITED(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2023-11-20) HASEEB AHMAD; CIIT/FA20-BAF-073/LHR; Shumaila AnwarThe most reputable and well-known food and beverages company is Shezan international limited. It was started in 1964 by Shahnawaz group. It is the largest food and beverages manufacturer located in Lahore. The organization succeeds in becoming an integrated organization because to its hard work and dedication. By launching one brand Shezan industry in Pakistan increase their sales and company. It has clients and various products from England, Canada, Bangladesh, Switzerland, A few of these products are pickle, juices, squashes, tomato ketchup, jam etc. Shezan industry is in competition with Tops, Nestle, Maza etc. there are about 800 worker’s total. The organization is managed by a number of departments. Such as the department of human resource management, research and development department, marketing and sales, accounts, procurement, audit, and information technology etc. Shezan Company has a complete organizational structure that enables to carry out their assigned responsibilities in a hierarchical manner. Additionally, Shezan Company does to ascertain their opportunities, threats, vulnerabilities, and strengths, do a SWOT analysis. By participating in exhibitions as part of their marketing plan, they also bring in new customers or brands. By using a competitive strategy, they can demonstrate how they different and less expensive.Item Bank Of Punjab(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2023-11-20) Nabeela Bibi; FA20-BAF-089; Dr. Amad RashidThis is a brief executive summary of the detailed evaluation of The Bank of Punjab on some of the important aspects of the business. The report begins providing a historical overview of the bank, identifying some of the significant moments and discoveries that have shaped the bank. course. Informative aspects pertaining to the bank’s goals in the long run in the financial realm. also, it is included, with its ambitious objectives explained. The report outlines the hierarchical structures of the bank to throw light on its internal operations, framework, and organizational structure. Comprehensive overview of all the divisions and operations the inner workings of The Bank of Punjab are revealed, giving details of what comprises the Bank organization. The report also looks into the banks HR policies and procedures, giving an overview of its workforce development, and talent management strategies. Knowing on the way in which The Bank of Punjab positions their financial items and services in a very examination of banking, marketing, and customer. acquisition tactics. SWOT is done that includes macro and micro analyses. assess the bank’s opportunities, threats, weaknesses, and strengths in a dynamic world market. banking sector. Financial analysis is vital and entails submitting financial statements for comparative analysis, an assessment of the bank’s lending and investment policies and a review ratio analysis. A better grasp of the bank's overall performance in the banking industry, asset quality, and financial health is provided by this financial insight.Item Ghazi Fabrics International Limited(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2023-11-20) Rabia javed; CIIT/FA20-BAF-077/LHR; Hudda RiazThis report will overview of all the activities done as an internee in Ghazi Fabrics International limited was incorporated in 1984 as a private business under the Companies Ordinance and then On January 7, 1990, it changed its status to a public limited company. The primary objective of this report is to describe my first experience working in an organization. I spent seven weeks there as an intern in their accounting department. This is a short period of time, and learning all of the functions in such a short period of time was difficult; now, the experience was extremely beneficial and informative. In that short time, I learned how to enter data, verify documents, utilize accounting software, track receipts, purchase orders, and make invoices. Many things will come in beneficial for me in the future. In this paper, I have summarized the basic concepts of how a textile mill works. Through this internship program, I was able to learn about the company's many operations. Furthermore, I performed a strength, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis. This report describes my experience here, as well as the lessons I have learned and knowledge I have gained. I wanted to describe the knowledge I gained from such a source in this study. It has taken all of my time, energy, and ability, as well as everything I have learnt. Overall, my learning experience has taught me about the overall design, as well as its administration, regulations, methods, and objectives. My internship experience taught me a lot about the textile industry, and I have written about what I have learned about industry exercises and manufacturing procedures. Everything I learned while there has been written down. I have this paper, which is the conclusion of my activities, to guarantee my professional life.Item ZEB ltd(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2023-11-20) Ali Mujtaba; SP20-BAF-001; Rashid Waheed QureshiZEB Plywood and Veneer Ltd was established in 2017, with a vision to provide the best quality modern plywood, decorative panels, and veneers at value for money prices. Zeb Plywood is a manufacturing and retailing firm which generally imports their raw material from different countries and from different cities of Pakistan. As a business, ZEB Plywood is proud of the range of goods we have to offer and the standard of service we consistently give our customers. Highly skilled technical professionals work in our customer service department to assist clients in identifying their precise veneer plywood demands. Our customer service center and manufacturing plant work very closely to guarantee that Products of the highest caliber are produced on schedule and according to the required requirements. Being one of the leading providers of veneer, we also constantly create and add new, cutting-edge items to expand our product lines and give our customers more options than before. Our main clientele consists of corporations and professional artisans that typically have exacting and requirements as well as recurring demands. We also work with customers who are hobbyists and require less quantity for their projects, but still want the same level of quality, matching, size, and color. We maintain control over our wood veneer sheet inventories, stored material, production lead times, and delivery schedules to guarantee exceptional customer service and high-quality products for each and every one of our clients.Item SUNNY FLOUR MILLS(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2023-11-20) Tabish Fawad; CIIT-FA20-BAF-012/LHR; Dr. Muhammad Fahad javedIn this internship report I have Explained my experience at Sunny Flour Mills. The report explains about the business, how it operates, and the knowledge I was able to acquire During My Internship there. The first section provides an overview of Sunny Flour Mills, including its goals, mission, line of products, rivals, and organizational structure is given, emphasizing the company's collaborative culture. The next section describes my responsibilities as an intern, how long I worked there, and the department I was able to work in. The training phase is explained, emphasizing the acquisition of abilities like handling correspondence and accounts. More details are given about the planning and management techniques that guarantee the company's efficient business operations. thorough examination of the duties and roles of managers. Suggestions were made to improve customer relations and streamline internal procedures. The report's conclusion lists Sunny Flour Mills' benefits, shortcomings, possible areas for development, and potential dangers. A summary of my overall view of the company and the insights gained is included in the report's conclusion.Item J.K spinning Mills Private Limited(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2023-11-20) Muhammad Daniyal; FA20-BBA-234; Shahzad GhafoorJ.K. Spinning Mills Limited is a public limited company incorporated in Pakistan on 07 January 1987 under the repealed Companies Ordinance, 1984 (now the Companies Act, 2017)Item MONNOO GROUP OF INDUSTRIES(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2023-11-20) MUHAMMAD NOOH; SP20-BBA-135; SADIA UMERMonnoo Group owns 12 Textile units, Agricultural Farms and extensive research units catering to various agricultural products. As innovators in their fields, the Group has kept pace with the latest state-of-the-art technologies, through which the Group now produces superior international quality products for clients worldwide. The Monnoo Group has developed with remarkable speed from a traditional, family-owned textile company into a modern high-tech industrial and agricultural conglomerate. The core business of Monnoo Group is international product recognition in Textiles (Yarns, Ecru yarn, Fancy/Novelty yarns, Melange Yarns and sewing threads) and in Agriculture products (Sugar, Tissue Culture, Orchards, and Farms).With outstanding growth and development in yarns and bringing about innovations in fancy yarns, they have one of the most sophisticated and modern mills in Pakistan. Monnoo Group is a major player in the competitive textile and sugar environment in Pakistan. Their economic and employment impacts, therefore, cannot be underestimated. Monnoo Group delivers excellent quality products at competitive prices, while facing competition with other global giants such as India, China, and Bangladesh. Monnoo Group is no rookie to global stage that carries various national and international brands. They produce goods that are relevant at home and abroad, making them a truly global player. Monnoo Group, a strong player in the textile industry of Pakistan, is committed to fulfilling customer demands. Besides product delivery, they offer after-sales support to ensure customer satisfaction. Essentially, Monnoo Group is not a business but a symbol of innovation, quality, and global reach in dynamic segments of textile and agriculture.Item THE BANK OF PUNJAB(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2023-11-20) Muhammad Iqbal; CIIT/SP20-BBA-015/LHR; Sadia UmarThe Bank of Patiala (BOP) is a prominent Pakistani financial institution. The bank has excelled in growth and service. This executive summary describes the Central Bank of Punjab's key achievements. BOP has served individuals, corporations, and government agencies' financial needs since 1989. The bank has a large network of branches and ATMs during Pakistan for customer convenience. BOP has invested in the moment banking systems to provide a variety of products and services, demonstrating its dedication to technological development and innovation. Retail banking, business banking, agricultural financing, and a range of digital banking options are all included in these services. Customers may now access their accounts, transfer money, and make payments via web and mobile platforms thanks to the bank's digital efforts. Customer satisfaction and service are very important to BOP. The committed and competent staff of the bank works hard to satisfy the financial needs of clients by providing effective support and tailored solutions. BOP is an essential component of the banking environment in Pakistan and has made a substantial economic development contribution to the nation. In order to promote economic growth and job creation, the bank is essential in giving financial support to a variety of businesses. Assuring openness, responsibility, and moral behavior, BOP is still dedicated to upholding the strictest governance and compliance requirements. By participating in several programmes for community development and welfare, the bank also places a strong emphasis on corporate social responsibility. One of Pakistan's most stable and client-focused financial institutions is the Bank of Punjab. Its prominence in the nation's banking industry is highlighted by its dedication to innovation, service quality, and support for economic progress. BOP's sustained endeavors to offer a wide range of financial products and improve the client experience have positioned the company for future growth.