Department of Psychology
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/handle/123456789/255
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Item Locus of Control, Communication Apprehension and Social Avoidance in Adults with Stuttering Disorder(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Faiza Akram; CIIT/FA23-RCP-006/LHR; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 10060The present study aimed to investigate the relationship among Locus of Control, Communication Apprehension, and Social Avoidance in young adults with stuttering disorders. Utilizing a correlational research design, the study sampled adults aged 18–25 (M = 21.1; SD = 2.1) through a purposive sampling strategy. Data were collected from various speech therapy centers in Lahore, Pakistan. Four standardized instruments were employed named as the Modified Stuttering Scale (Andrews & Cutler, 1974), the Locus of Control Scale (Rotter, 1966), the Communication Apprehension Questionnaire (McCroskey, 1984), and the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (Watson & Friend, 1969). Reliability analysis confirmed that all scales possessed moderate to high internal consistency. Statistical analyses including Pearson product-moment correlation, mediation analysis, and independent samples t-tests, were conducted to examine the hypothesized relationships. The findings revealed that locus of control was significantly and positively correlated with social avoidance, while showing a significant negative correlation with communication apprehension. Furthermore, the relationship between communication apprehension and social avoidance was found to be significantly negative. Mediation analysis indicated that communication apprehension plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between locus of control and social avoidance. From a clinical perspective, this research highlights the necessity of addressing internal psychological factors in the treatment of stuttering. Beyond individual interventions, these findings suggest a need for public education campaigns and awareness programs to mitigate the social stigma associated with stuttering disordersItem Spirituality, Family Support and Flourishing Well-being in Working Personnel(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Jaweria Afzal; SP20-BPY-001; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 8894The purpose of this research was to establish the link between spirituality, family support, and flourishing well-being in working personnel. The convenient sampling method was used to collect data from 250 participants, age ranging from 30 to 45 years (M= 34.82, SD=4.994). A correlational research design was used in the study. Demographic Questionnaire, the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES), Flourishing Scale (FS), and Perceived Social Support – Family Scale (PSS-Fa), were used to collect the data. The correlation analysis, independent sample t-test, and moderation analysis were used to analyze the data. The correlation analysis showed that spirituality and family support both were positively correlated to flourishing well- being. Moreover, age was also found to be positively correlated to spirituality and flourishing well-being. Also, there was a significant gender difference in spirituality and flourishing well- being. Furthermore, the moderation analysis showed that family support acted as a moderator in the relationship between spirituality and flourishing well-being. The findings of the study have important implications for clinical practices, research, education, and policymaking. It also has the potential to provide a basis for future research to explore further related variables. It will also help to fill a gap in the existing literature. Despite few limitations, the study will help to understand the core insights and propose practical approaches and remedial measures that are effective in assisting these working personnel to work on their well-being.Item Social Media Addiction, Cyberbullying and Academic performance in University Students(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Ayesha Yaseen; Sp20-bpy-024; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 8887The aim of current study was to find out the relationship between social media addiction, cyberbullying, and academic performance in university students. Using correlational research design and convenient sampling. Data was collected from 300 university students age ranged (18-25 years, M=22.68, and SD=2.53). A set of standardized questionnaire (social Networking Addiction scale, Cyber- Victimization scale and Academic Performance scale) were used to find out the correlation among study variables. Pearson correlation analysis showed that social media usage has a significant negative correlation with academic performance. Furthermore, it shows that social media usage has significant positive correlation with cyberbullying. These results shows that those students who spend more time on social media will have more chances of cyberbullying and lower academic performance. The study findings also shows that spending too much time on social media can be bad because it can distract you and reduce the time you spend on studying. Furthermore, its shows that cyberbullying on social media can lead to negative outcomes. It can affect how you feel emotionally and make it hard to focus on your studies. Additionally, the study says that what you post on social media can affect how you see yourself and how you get along with others. So, it's important to be aware of this and think about what you share online. The study doesn't say you should stop using social media, but it suggests using it wisely. This means being aware that too much social media can be bad for your academic work and mental health. So, use it responsibly.Item DEVELOPMENT OF THE “WORK ENGAGEMENT SCALE”(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Qudsia Hareem; SP20-BPY-010; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 8880In the midst of our modern lives' hurry, engagement has become more than simply a phrase; it is the unspoken pulse of our existence (Kahn, 1990). In the crowded city of everyday existence, work engagement unfurls its roots in the soil of one’s daily tasks, transforming the mundane into a symphony of purpose. Imagine a painter, fully immersed in the strokes of a canvas, tapping into what Freud might call the unconscious reservoir of creativity (Freud, 1923). This parallel holds true in the realm of work engagement, where each task becomes a stroke on the canvas of professional journey. As the day progresses, engagement extends beyond the individual, weaving a narrative that resonates throughout organizational corridors. Just as a skilled conductor orchestrates a masterpiece, dedicated people synchronize their efforts to create a harmonious melody in the workplace. As Freud conceptualized the intricate interplay between the conscious and unconscious mind, his ideas resonate with the notion that engagement is not merely a surface-level phenomenon but reaches into the depths of our psychological architecture (Freud, 1923).Item Effectiveness of Art Therapy on Self-Esteem of Children’s with Thalassemia(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Saba Bukhari; CIIT/SP23-RCP-020/LHR; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 9543The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of art therapy on self-esteem in children with thalassemia. It was hypothesized that there was likely a effectiveness of art therapy on self-esteem of children’s with thalassemia. Using Pre and post quasi experimental research design and purposive sampling, the sample was consisted of 20 children age ranged 6-10 years which were recruited through purposive sampling that are diagnosed with beta thalassemia. Self Esteem Scale for School Children’s (Sadia and Mahmood, 2011) was used for pre and post assessment. Descriptive statistics was conducted on demographical variables and paired samples t-test was used to analysed pre and post difference. The findings from this current study highlight the effectiveness of art therapy on children’s self-esteem with thalassemia. Future research should explore long-term effects and the integration of art therapy into standard care practices for pediatric patients with chronic illnesses. Mental health professionals, clinician, policymakers, educationist and care givers can also use art therapy to deal with psychological issues in children with thalassemiaItem Internalized Stigma, Social Connectedness, and Coping Strategies in Caregivers of Adults with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Shazia Zafar; CIIT/SP23-RCP-025/LHR; Dr. Mahira AhmadThe current study aimed to investigate internalized stigma, social connectedness, and coping strategies in caregivers of adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). The study hypothesized that there is likely a significant correlation between internalized self stigma and coping strategies, and social connectedness likely moderates the relationship between them. A sample of 250 caregivers of adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder both men and women, age ranged 20 to 60 years from both public and private sector hospitals of Lahore were selected through purposive sampling. The measures used to collect the data were Self-Stigma in Relatives of people with Mental Illness scale (Morris et al., 2017), the Social Connectedness Scale (Lee & Robins, 1995), and the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (Brief-COPE: Carver, 1997). Data was analyzed using SPSS .25, reliability analyses revealed all scales having good reliability. The correlation results showed a significant relationship between internalized self-stigma, social connectedness, and coping strategies (avoidant and approach). Moderation analyses were done, which revealed the moderating role of social connectedness between Internalized self-stigma and coping strategies (avoidant and approach). This study underscores the development and application of approaches to address the caregiver’s needs. Moreover, it will be helpful to rule out available ways to help and support caregivers and to minimize the unfavorable effects of caregiving.Item Low Frustration Tolerance, Grandiose Narcissism Trait and Propensity of Violence Among Active Social Media Political Supporters(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) MAIRA TARIQ; SP23-RCP-014; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 9517The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between low frustration tolerance, Grandiose narcissism trait and propensity of violence among active social media political supporters. Frustration discomfort scale by Harington (2015), Grandiose Narcissism Scale Foster (2015) and Revised Attitude toward Violence Scale by Andreson (2006) were used to collected data. The study design was correlational study design and sampling technique was convenient sampling. There were 500 participants of the study both male and female aged from 18 years to 40 years. Data were collected through by google form from different social media app such as WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. The correlational analysis was applied to check the association between low frustration tolerance, grandiose narcissism trait and propensity of violence. Regression analysis were applied to assess the predictor of propensity of violence. Independent T-test analysis was applied to determine the difference of variables among gender (male and female) and age group (young and early adulthood). The finding reveled that propensity of violence has significant correlation with grandiose narcissism trait and low frustration tolerance and it also revealed that low frustration tolerance and grandiose narcissism are predictor of propensity of violence. Result also showed that early adulthood is more prone to low frustration tolerance and grandiose narcissism and propensity of violence as compared to middle adulthood. This research also revealed that woman is more prone to violence as compared to men. In conclusion this study aimed to add new insights to the existing researches on active social media supporters. these findings should be considered as a starting point for further deductive testing of the phenomenon and meant to inspire follow-up researchItem Self-Construal, Coping Strategies and Emotional Regulation in adults with Major Depressive Disorder(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Mishal Hassan; SP23-RCP-015/LHR; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 9527The present study aimed to analyze the correlation between Self-construal, Coping strategies, and Emotional regulation in participants with Major Depressive Disorder. Using correlational research design, purposive sampling was implemented, and data was collected from (N=250) participants age ranged 18-60 years from different hospitals of Lahore. Data were collected using standardized instruments, including the Self-Construal Scale (Singelis, 1994), the Brief COPE Scale (Carver et al., 1989), the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (Gross & John, 2003), and the Beck Depression Inventory (Beck et al., 1961). The results showed that interdependent self-construal was more prominently associated with individuals with Major Depressive Disorder. Inferential statistics revealed a significant positive correlation between independent self-construal and approach coping strategies, as well as between interdependent self-construal and approach coping strategies. Conversely, avoidance coping showed no significant correlation with self-construal. Moreover, Emotional regulation showed a non significant relationship with both self- construal (independent and interdependent) and coping strategies. The present work highlighted the role of culture in the psychological processes of Major Depressive Disorder and provides significant contributions for the future researchers to develop culturally sensitive therapies or theories.Item Urdu Translation and Adaptation of Beliefs About Psychological Problems Inventory (BAPPI)(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Aqsa Gulzar; SP23-RCP-004; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 9545The purpose of the study was to translate and validate the Beliefs about Psychological Problems Inventory (Moraira, 2021) on a Clinical Population. The correlational research design was conducted and sample was comprised of 615 individuals, aged 24-40 who have been diagnosed with mild anxiety approached from outdoor psychiatric units in Lahore through convenient sampling. The scale was translate through forward translation, back-translation and committee approach. For each step 3 bilingual experts belonging to psychology field having at least 2 years of experience were approached. The sample size was determined as per 10:1 criterion (Nunnally, 1978) . To test how well the measured variables represent the number of constructs of translated Beliefs about Psychological Problems Inventory (BAPPI) Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted as statistical analysis. Cronbach’s alpha was used to assess internal consistency through reliability analysis. For Convergent Validity “Opinion about Mental Illness”(OMI) scale was administered (Struening & Cohen, 1963). In order to established discriminant validity Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) was used. This scale is considered to valid for clinical setting (Tennant et al., 2007). Throughout the study ethical considerations were ensure informed consent, confidentiality, and participant well-being. The finding of this research was to captures the individual's understanding about their beliefs that are related to the psychological problems and gives understanding on the basis 6 main theoretical approaches to mental health problems that includes systemic, psycho dynamic, humanistic, biomedical, cognitive behavioral and Eclectic about beliefs of psychological problems on Pakistani Population.Item Parenting Styles, Childhood Abuse, Bullying, Digital Media Exposure and Gender Dysphoria in Young University Students(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Ayesha Ahsan; CIIT/FA23-RCP-004/LHR; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 9714This study aimed to examine the relationship among parental bonding, childhood abuse, bullying, digital media exposure and gender dysphoria in young university students. Correlational research design was used in this research, 357 Participants (174 women and 183 men) were selected through convenient sampling from one government and five private universities of Lahore, age ranged 19-30 years. Measures were included the demographic questionnaire, Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale, Parental Bonding Instrument, Adverse childhood experiences Scale, Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ) and the Content-based Media Exposure Scale (C-ME). Descriptive statistics were applied to determine categorical variables such as frequencies and percentages. To find out relationship between variables, spearman correlation analysis was done and regression analysis was used to find out the prediction among variables. According to results, it was revealed that there is a significant association between parental bonding along with maternal care, paternal care, maternal overprotection, paternal overprotection and childhood abuse. Moreover, results also demonstrated that parental bonding along with low maternal care, maternal overprotection, paternal overprotection and childhood abuse strongly predict gender dysphoria in young university students. The findings validate psychological frameworks including attachment theory, trauma theory and family systems theory which highlight early caregiving and negative experiences as fundamental determinants for self-concept and identity formation.