Department of Psychology
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/handle/123456789/255
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Item Locus of Control, Communication Apprehension and Social Avoidance in Adults with Stuttering Disorder(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Faiza Akram; CIIT/FA23-RCP-006/LHR; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 10060The present study aimed to investigate the relationship among Locus of Control, Communication Apprehension, and Social Avoidance in young adults with stuttering disorders. Utilizing a correlational research design, the study sampled adults aged 18–25 (M = 21.1; SD = 2.1) through a purposive sampling strategy. Data were collected from various speech therapy centers in Lahore, Pakistan. Four standardized instruments were employed named as the Modified Stuttering Scale (Andrews & Cutler, 1974), the Locus of Control Scale (Rotter, 1966), the Communication Apprehension Questionnaire (McCroskey, 1984), and the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (Watson & Friend, 1969). Reliability analysis confirmed that all scales possessed moderate to high internal consistency. Statistical analyses including Pearson product-moment correlation, mediation analysis, and independent samples t-tests, were conducted to examine the hypothesized relationships. The findings revealed that locus of control was significantly and positively correlated with social avoidance, while showing a significant negative correlation with communication apprehension. Furthermore, the relationship between communication apprehension and social avoidance was found to be significantly negative. Mediation analysis indicated that communication apprehension plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between locus of control and social avoidance. From a clinical perspective, this research highlights the necessity of addressing internal psychological factors in the treatment of stuttering. Beyond individual interventions, these findings suggest a need for public education campaigns and awareness programs to mitigate the social stigma associated with stuttering disordersItem Effectiveness of Art Therapy on Self-Esteem of Children’s with Thalassemia(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Saba Bukhari; CIIT/SP23-RCP-020/LHR; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 9543The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of art therapy on self-esteem in children with thalassemia. It was hypothesized that there was likely a effectiveness of art therapy on self-esteem of children’s with thalassemia. Using Pre and post quasi experimental research design and purposive sampling, the sample was consisted of 20 children age ranged 6-10 years which were recruited through purposive sampling that are diagnosed with beta thalassemia. Self Esteem Scale for School Children’s (Sadia and Mahmood, 2011) was used for pre and post assessment. Descriptive statistics was conducted on demographical variables and paired samples t-test was used to analysed pre and post difference. The findings from this current study highlight the effectiveness of art therapy on children’s self-esteem with thalassemia. Future research should explore long-term effects and the integration of art therapy into standard care practices for pediatric patients with chronic illnesses. Mental health professionals, clinician, policymakers, educationist and care givers can also use art therapy to deal with psychological issues in children with thalassemiaItem Internalized Stigma, Social Connectedness, and Coping Strategies in Caregivers of Adults with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Shazia Zafar; CIIT/SP23-RCP-025/LHR; Dr. Mahira AhmadThe current study aimed to investigate internalized stigma, social connectedness, and coping strategies in caregivers of adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). The study hypothesized that there is likely a significant correlation between internalized self stigma and coping strategies, and social connectedness likely moderates the relationship between them. A sample of 250 caregivers of adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder both men and women, age ranged 20 to 60 years from both public and private sector hospitals of Lahore were selected through purposive sampling. The measures used to collect the data were Self-Stigma in Relatives of people with Mental Illness scale (Morris et al., 2017), the Social Connectedness Scale (Lee & Robins, 1995), and the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (Brief-COPE: Carver, 1997). Data was analyzed using SPSS .25, reliability analyses revealed all scales having good reliability. The correlation results showed a significant relationship between internalized self-stigma, social connectedness, and coping strategies (avoidant and approach). Moderation analyses were done, which revealed the moderating role of social connectedness between Internalized self-stigma and coping strategies (avoidant and approach). This study underscores the development and application of approaches to address the caregiver’s needs. Moreover, it will be helpful to rule out available ways to help and support caregivers and to minimize the unfavorable effects of caregiving.Item Low Frustration Tolerance, Grandiose Narcissism Trait and Propensity of Violence Among Active Social Media Political Supporters(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) MAIRA TARIQ; SP23-RCP-014; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 9517The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between low frustration tolerance, Grandiose narcissism trait and propensity of violence among active social media political supporters. Frustration discomfort scale by Harington (2015), Grandiose Narcissism Scale Foster (2015) and Revised Attitude toward Violence Scale by Andreson (2006) were used to collected data. The study design was correlational study design and sampling technique was convenient sampling. There were 500 participants of the study both male and female aged from 18 years to 40 years. Data were collected through by google form from different social media app such as WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. The correlational analysis was applied to check the association between low frustration tolerance, grandiose narcissism trait and propensity of violence. Regression analysis were applied to assess the predictor of propensity of violence. Independent T-test analysis was applied to determine the difference of variables among gender (male and female) and age group (young and early adulthood). The finding reveled that propensity of violence has significant correlation with grandiose narcissism trait and low frustration tolerance and it also revealed that low frustration tolerance and grandiose narcissism are predictor of propensity of violence. Result also showed that early adulthood is more prone to low frustration tolerance and grandiose narcissism and propensity of violence as compared to middle adulthood. This research also revealed that woman is more prone to violence as compared to men. In conclusion this study aimed to add new insights to the existing researches on active social media supporters. these findings should be considered as a starting point for further deductive testing of the phenomenon and meant to inspire follow-up researchItem Self-Construal, Coping Strategies and Emotional Regulation in adults with Major Depressive Disorder(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Mishal Hassan; SP23-RCP-015/LHR; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 9527The present study aimed to analyze the correlation between Self-construal, Coping strategies, and Emotional regulation in participants with Major Depressive Disorder. Using correlational research design, purposive sampling was implemented, and data was collected from (N=250) participants age ranged 18-60 years from different hospitals of Lahore. Data were collected using standardized instruments, including the Self-Construal Scale (Singelis, 1994), the Brief COPE Scale (Carver et al., 1989), the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (Gross & John, 2003), and the Beck Depression Inventory (Beck et al., 1961). The results showed that interdependent self-construal was more prominently associated with individuals with Major Depressive Disorder. Inferential statistics revealed a significant positive correlation between independent self-construal and approach coping strategies, as well as between interdependent self-construal and approach coping strategies. Conversely, avoidance coping showed no significant correlation with self-construal. Moreover, Emotional regulation showed a non significant relationship with both self- construal (independent and interdependent) and coping strategies. The present work highlighted the role of culture in the psychological processes of Major Depressive Disorder and provides significant contributions for the future researchers to develop culturally sensitive therapies or theories.Item Urdu Translation and Adaptation of Beliefs About Psychological Problems Inventory (BAPPI)(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Aqsa Gulzar; SP23-RCP-004; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 9545The purpose of the study was to translate and validate the Beliefs about Psychological Problems Inventory (Moraira, 2021) on a Clinical Population. The correlational research design was conducted and sample was comprised of 615 individuals, aged 24-40 who have been diagnosed with mild anxiety approached from outdoor psychiatric units in Lahore through convenient sampling. The scale was translate through forward translation, back-translation and committee approach. For each step 3 bilingual experts belonging to psychology field having at least 2 years of experience were approached. The sample size was determined as per 10:1 criterion (Nunnally, 1978) . To test how well the measured variables represent the number of constructs of translated Beliefs about Psychological Problems Inventory (BAPPI) Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted as statistical analysis. Cronbach’s alpha was used to assess internal consistency through reliability analysis. For Convergent Validity “Opinion about Mental Illness”(OMI) scale was administered (Struening & Cohen, 1963). In order to established discriminant validity Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) was used. This scale is considered to valid for clinical setting (Tennant et al., 2007). Throughout the study ethical considerations were ensure informed consent, confidentiality, and participant well-being. The finding of this research was to captures the individual's understanding about their beliefs that are related to the psychological problems and gives understanding on the basis 6 main theoretical approaches to mental health problems that includes systemic, psycho dynamic, humanistic, biomedical, cognitive behavioral and Eclectic about beliefs of psychological problems on Pakistani Population.Item Relational Uncertainty, Partner Interference and Relational Turbulence in Early Years of Marriage(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Laiba Nadeem; CIIT/FA23-RCP-020/LHR; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 9728This study aimed to explore the interplay between partner interference, relational uncertainty, and relational turbulence in marriages during the early years, with a focus on the moderating role of mother-in-law interference within the relational turbulence model. The research hypothesized that there is likely a significant association between partner interference, relational uncertainty, and relational turbulence, with mother-in-law interference moderating them. The study employed a correlational design, with a sample of 250 married women who have been married for 1-5 years through convenient sampling strategy. Data was collected through self-report measures including Partner Interference Scale (Knobloch & Solomon, 2004), Relational Uncertainty Measure (Knobloch, 2007), Relational Turbulence Scale (Khadim, 2023) and Marital Interference and Boundaries Scale (Goldstein, 2015). Spearman correlation analysis confirmed significant association among the key variables. Additionally, moderation analysis via PROCESS SPSS-27 confirmed that mother-in-law interference significantly moderated the relationship between relational uncertainty and relational turbulence. This study provided valuable insights into the dynamics of early marital relationships, including the awareness regarding the course- altering impact of familial and cultural interference on marital stability. The findings could contribute to family counseling and intervention strategies by addressing how parental involvement impacts early marital years.Item Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Depression and Quality of Life in Individuals with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Maryam Nawaz; CIIT/FA23-RCP-010/LHR; Dr. Mahira Ahmad; LHR TP 9719This experimental study investigated the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on depression and quality of life in individuals with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD). PMDD, a severe form of premenstrual syndrome, affects 3-8% of women worldwide, causing significant mood disturbances and functional impairment during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. This study employed a pre-post experimental design with 17 women aged 18-28 years (M=25.82, SD=5.11) meeting DSM-5 criteria for PMDD as determined by the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST). Participants underwent 12 weekly individual CBT sessions lasting 45 minutes each, designed to identify and modify maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors associated with premenstrual symptomatology. The intervention's effectiveness was assessed through pre-post comparisons using validated instruments: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for depressive symptoms, World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL), and PSST for PMDD diagnosis. Paired samples t-test was used to compare pre- and post-intervention scores across measures. It is hypothesized that CBT intervention will yield significant reductions in depression scores and significant improvements in quality of life among participants. Results showed a significant improvement in depression scores and quality of life of participants, however marital status was proven to not be a factor affecting the results. Additionally, this research contributes to increased clinical awareness and recognition of PMDD, addressing the current diagnostic gap in women’s reproductive mental health and providing healthcare practitioner with evidence based treatment guidelines