Final Year Projects (FYPs) - Undergraduates

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/handle/123456789/49

This collection archives the complete set of theses produced by students of the COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus.

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    Impact of Board Interlocking into Voluntary Disclosure: Moderating Roles of Board Independence, Institutional Ownership, and Family Ownership
    (Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2024) Remsha Shahzady; SP21-RBA-102; Dr. Samya Tahir
    The research examines the relationship between Board Interlocking (B_Int) and Voluntary Disclosure (VD) practices within firms listed on Stock Exchange Pakistan (PSX). The study further investigates the moderating roles of Board Independence (B_Ind), institutional Ownership (Inst_Own), and Family Ownership (Fam_Own) on the relationship between B_Int and VD. B_Int where members of one company sit on other boards. This research examines how B_Int negatively affects how much information companies voluntarily disclose to the public. This happen when companies become more secretive and board members prioritize protecting their networks over transparency. It also examines how factors like B_Ind, Inst_Own, and Fam_Own influence this negative relationship. This negative impact of B_Int on VD is lessened when boards have more B_Ind. B_Ind does not have strong personal ties with company and not involve in company’s management. They encourage unbiased decision-making for all shareholders. They encourage openness and accountability. Higher level of Inst_Own help to reduce the negative effect of B_Int on VD. Inst_Own represents the percentage of company’s share owned by large organizations. They invest on the behalf of their clients and influence company’s decisions due to the size of their holdings. Their presence pushes companies to disclose more information. Fam_Own boost the negative impact of B_Int on VD. In Fam_Own families hold significant shares and influence company’s decision and management. Family controlled companies are more inclined to keep information private and reduce overall transparency. This study uses agency theory and legitimacy theory to explain how B_Int affects VD. Agency theory explains B_Int help to align interests between shareholders and management. Legitimacy theory helps to understand that companies seek to gain and maintain approval from society and stakeholders. By showing transparency and sharing information companies build trust. Companies ensure that their actions are seen as acceptable and legitimate. This research will use Regression Analysis method to measure the impact of B_Int on VD and the moderating variables B_Ind, Inst_Own, and Fam_Own. Regression model quantitatively assess the relationship between these variables. This model will help to understand how these variables positively or negatively influence VD practices. And data will be collected from annual reports available on PSX
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    The Qualitative Study: The Impact of Operational Deficiencies on the Marketing performance in Textile Sector Sector (AZGARD NINE LIMITED)
    (Library informaiton Services, CUI Lahore, 2024) Muhammad Nouman; FA23-RBA-017/; Dr. Zafar Uz Zaman Anjum
    The main objective of this report is to determine to what extent the operational deficiencies that are accumulating in the process department impact the organizational Marketing performances. These operational deficiencies form a major issue to the marketing department and have a bad effect on the organization performance and on customer relation and many other aspects. I select AZGARD NINE LIMITED and analyze the operational imperfections from where the organizational performance and afterward it will affect the marketing performance. We will be focus on the problem as well as operational deficiencies that are confronting AZGARD9, the department of AZGARD9 is confronts many problems and those problems are creating a big hurdle in the growth marketing performance. Therefore, I have done interview from the manager of targeted departments and collected maximum data for data analysis Nearly collect data for these department because these are the back born of the company without it a company can’t survive. I have begun this interview with the questions. In essence this study seeks to establish the extent to which the operational environment hampers marketing within the textile sector with emphasis on Azgard9 Nine Limited the textile manufacturing firm. Nowadays the textile industry has to complete vast list of obstacles related to operational inefficiencies such as supply chain problems, production time loss, and quality control. These operational deficiencies translate and impinge on the marketing domain and therefore impair the levels of customer satisfaction, erode brand equity, and ultimately sales yield. The objectives of the project for the Azgard9 Nine Limited are to discover major operations gaps for the organization and determine how these gaps are preventing marketing initiatives as product advertisement, distribution, and consumer relations. Using both micro level and macro level data, this project will examine the degree to which marketing operational issues reduce marketing effectiveness and draw on those findings to develop recommendations for enhancing operational performance and marketing results.
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    Toolkit for Gender Diversity and Inclusion of Women in Textile Industry
    (Library information Services, CUI Lahore, 2024) Maham Arif; SP23-RBA-008; Dr. Imran Shafique
    As part of the MBA final semester at COMSATS University Lahore, this project explores at gender inclusion programs in the textile sector with a particular focus on Eastgate Industries Pakistan. The project key objectives are to explore the current state of gender diversity and inclusion in textile industries and to propose practical recommendations for improving the gender diversity and inclusion initiatives for women at textile industries. The scope of the project is to evaluate gender diversity, inclusion initiatives, availability of leadership development programs, mentoring opportunities, and equal opportunities of career progression. This will provide valuable insights to Eastgate Industries and the entire textile sector about how to establish more inclusive and positive workplaces. The project is done by conducting semi-structured interviews with the employees and observing the work environment at Eastgate Industries. The findings reveal that Eastgate Industries is still working on creating inclusive work environment for women. The organization lacks formal policies and regulations on gender diversity and inclusion e.g. no flexible working arrangements, less representation of women in leadership roles and absence of structured feedback mechanism etc. Recommendations are given on the basis of benchmarking some of the best practices in this industry and some models of Gender Diversity and Inclusion, keeping in view they help in achieve the broader goals for gender inclusiveness.
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    The Influence of Fake news on consumer behavior: An analysis of social media platform in Pakistan
    (Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2024) Ayesha Saleem; FA23-RBA-026; Tahira Umair
    The topic of this project is The Influence of Fake News on Consumers: An analysis of social media platforms in Pakistan. Therefore, this project clearly defines the influence of fake news on consumer behavior and the analysis of social media platforms in Pakistan. As in Pakistan fake news on social media platforms the problem and people spend a lot of time using smart devices especially generation Z due to which the expansion of fake news o misleading information is very easy and fast. Similarly, the brands face a problem by the changed behavior of the consumers. The main objective of my project is to investigate the level of fake news in shaping the consumer trust and his willingness to pay, and to determine the impact with the long-term role played by fake news in relation to brand recognition and overall customer satisfaction and also to identify what measures business take to lower the impact of misleading information. However, to understand this study data was collected from the generation Z and a survey questionnaire was designed on google forms to get their views related to this problem and all the data was quantitative. The key finding of this project is this that the fake news has a negative effect on the consumer behavior and consumer distrust the brand about which they hear fake news and intend to switch that brand. So fake news can leave a long-term effect on the consumers behavior. Therefore, we can overcome this problem by building strong trust with consumers and communicate with the consumers so that they fake news cannot harm their image.
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    The Role of Fintech on Financial Inclusion in Pakistan
    (Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2024) Farkhanda Zafar; FA23-RBA-008/; Dr. Ibrahim Abdullah
    Financial inclusion is an important driver of economic growth, poverty reduction, and social equity. However, in Pakistan, a large percentage of the population remains unbanked or underbanked, especially in rural and economically disadvantaged areas. The World Bank's Global Findex Database 2021 shows that only 21% of Pakistani adults have access to banking services, which has impeded the country's progress toward inclusive economic development. This research probes the transformative capability of FinTech in addressing such challenges and building financial inclusion in Pakistan. This study examines how FinTech innovations, including digital payments, mobile wallets, branchless banking, and peer-to-peer lending, can bridge the gap between access to financial services and the marginalized communities. It further explains how innovative technologies, such as blockchain and AI-driven credit scoring models, may improve access to credit and reduce reliance on traditional financial systems. This research provides a comprehensive assessment of how FinTech has reshaped the financial landscape of Pakistan, tracking the growth and impact of digital financial services from 2013 to 2023. Key findings from the report indicate that the involvement of mobile wallets, including Easypaisa and Jazz Cash, has increased financial inclusion significantly, especially in rural localities. From 2013 to 2023, the number of mobile wallet accounts surged from 3.4 million to 106.9 million. Moreover, digital payment systems transformed the process of transactions. Transaction values had increased from PKR 802 billion in 2013 to over PKR 15 trillion in 2023. FinTech platforms have further reduced barriers to credit through the usage of digital footprints and behavioral data to advance loans without collateral, thus empowering individuals and small businesses. However, several challenges persist, such as inadequate infrastructure, a low rate of digital literacy, and a sense of mistrust in services offered by FinTech. These challenges have led to a huge percentage of inactivated accounts and limited adoption of digital financial solutions in the population. It is, therefore, essential that these issues are addressed to fully unlock the potential of FinTech in Pakistan. The research suggests various actionable recommendations for overcoming the said challenges. Such suggestions are related to targeted awareness programs in terms of enhancing digital literacy, improvement in the infrastructure related to supporting digital financial services
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    Impact of Work Life Balance on Employee Job Satisfaction
    (Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2024) Javeria Shahzad; FA22-RBA-024; Mr. Shahbaz Ahmad
    These are the work life balance, organizational commitment, stress and organizational culture that this research seeks to establish their impact on job satisfaction in the organizations. The purpose of this study was mainly to examine how these factors might work and add to general job satisfaction, with specific focus on the real-world use for enhancing worker welfare and organizational achievement. The research used a quantitative method of data collection which involved use of questionnaires for gathering data from organizations’ employees regardless of their position or department. Fifty-one participants were in the sample; the study data was also analyzed by the use of descriptive statistics, reliability coefficients and correlation analysis to test hypotheses related to the research variables. It also reflected that work life balance has a moderate positive correlation with job satisfaction where employee response was high when they had balance between personal and professional life. Moreover, it was ascertained that job stress is significantly negatively related to the level of job satisfaction, which means that more stressed employees are more likely to be dissatisfied with their jobs. On the other hand, the analysis of the results showed that employee engagement is a significant predictor of job satisfaction since the engaged workers can make more decisions, and enjoy personal development at the workplace. Furthermore, the research has also echoed organizational culture and leadership on the level of job satisfaction. Receiving a work environment was found to ensure organizational respect, recognition and acceptance would lead to role satisfaction by employees. Similarities that were pointed out in the research included leadership and organization work culture as being determinants of higher levels of employees’ job satisfaction hence leading to reduced employee turnover. According to the authors’ analysis of the results, it is suggested that organizational leadership stresses work life balance, engagement plans and stress management. Offering employment flexibility, developing professional growth opportunities, and creating a professional supportive environment are ways to drive and improve
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    Data Driven Marketing: Effects on The Employability of the Social Media Marketing Analyst: A Study of Pakistani Freelancers
    (Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2024) MUHAMMAD AHMAD; FA22-RBA-013; Dr. Muhammad Fahad Javaid
    This study aims to analyze the impact of Data Driven Marketing Strategies, and how they have changed the entire complexion of the Job market. The Companies and job positions that always had a minimum criterion of having at least graduation has now been diluted in thin air. The Paid Per Click (PPC) ads has entirely changed the dynamics of the jobs. A Social Media Marketing Analyst who has the “Skills and Competency” of understanding the Data Metrices given out by the PPC platforms, which includes, Google Ads, Google Analytics 4, Google Tag Manager, Facebook Pixel and MetaAds, is being preferred for a Job, rather than a Business Graduate, who has all the knowledge but doesn’t have the skills to setup a Meta or PPC campaign, though the principles for the campaign could be best set up by the Business Graduate. The business graduate has to learn this skill in addition to their qualification if they want to stay within the Employability criterion set by the companies these days. The reason behind this drastic change is that now companies have moved to a Data Driven Marketing Strategies. Initially this was know as Big Data but back then there was no advanced tools and platforms so readily available that everyone could use them. But the introduction of Meta Ads, and PPC has made it so easy and accessible, even to Small and Medium Enterprises that now instead of spending millions on conventional marketing, they prefer Performance marketing, which costs lot less and give extraordinary results. This decoding of Big Data via measurable metrices resulted in more Data Driven organizations. This Data Driven focused approach gave rise to Chief Marketing Technicians (CMTs) eliminating the role of Chief Marketing Officers (CMOs). And for this very reason companies tend to hire Freelancers or go for third party services for their marketing rather than now hiring a Marketing Executive. Now a days companies have more social media managers than having any marketing executives. They introduction of Social Media as a tool for marketing was indeed a paradigm shift for SMEs and small businesses which made them able to compete with market leaders on the same platforms with minimalistic costs, making these businesses go global, (think global, act local), hence giving rise to the people selling their digital marketing courses online, even though they were not graduate, nor they had any expertise in that area academically. This pushed the factors of employability in entirely different direction making the skilled personnel more
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    Strategic Human Resource Management Function and HR Compensation A Perspective of Telecom Sector
    (Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2024) WAJIHA JABIR; SP23-RBA-027; Dr. RANA NADIR IDREES
    The portfolio aims to analyze several facets of pay in order to explore the numerous issues that surround it, as well as assistance supplied by relevant management theories and practices, such as a case study of a multinational telephone corporation. An effective strategic human resource management function within a firm may provide an inclusive response and exposure to concerns such as (a) which approaches profitable conglomerates employ in their strategic compensation workforce, (b) which compensation policies and programs are typically effective, and (c) how compensation procedures influence the corporation's bottom line and contribute to the organizational strategic objectives. This is a qualitative study based on information gleaned from published material, research papers, and articles, including those contained in this portfolio, that presents knowledge about compensation. To investigate a real-world scenario, a multinational mobile company, Pakistan's pioneer in telecom technology, was picked to learn about their compensation policies and procedural procedures. This portfolio helps to improve our understanding of strategic human resource management (SHRM) in general, and employee remuneration in particular, as well as the underlying concerns and challenges
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    iii Measuring the Impact of Employee Engagement Behavior on Turnover Intention
    (Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2024) Harram Tahir; SP23-RBA-006; Mr. Shahbaz Ahmad
    The present study aims at investigating relation between employee engagement and turnover intention in Aspire Group of Colleges, a fast growing college in Pakistan. Nevertheless, the institution has continued to expand, high employee turnover, as well as low employees’ engagement especially among the Academic and Administrative staff remain critical issues. The study examines the effect of workplace, content, courteous, and flexibility on employee engagement and turnover intention. A quantitative correlational research design was adapted to obtain data from 100 participants using a questionnaire. Employing the descriptive and correlation analyses and linear regression analysis, the Association of Work Engagement and Turnover Intention was investigated. Results show negative correlation between engagement and turnover intention, which means that high employee engagement is likely to reduce turnover intention as they will be more satisfied with the work they are doing. In this study, work engagement is identified as a settings factor with prominence for enhancing employee retention; practical recommendations are provided for the reduction of turnover, and for the enhancement of satisfaction and performance amongst employees and organizations. The implications of the study are that, if Aspire Group enhances employee involvement, the organization’s turnover and performance will rise.
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    Role of Project Planning and Project Manager Competencies in The Project Success of Private Sector Organizations
    (library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2024) Abdul Basit Malik; SP22-RPM-001; Dr. Zafar uz Zaman Anjum
    The purpose of this study is to discover what project manager competencies are the most crucial in the connection between project planning and the project success. With the objectives of achieving the goal a quantitative research method was used. Data collection was done by interviewing 200 informants of the software industry in Lahore within a questionnaire with close-ended questions. The questionnaire design comprises the scope of project planning, the qualities of a project manager and finally, the level of project success. Next, SPSS was used to move the data to the analysis phase where the hypothesized relationship was tested for. The results indicate project planning enhances project success and positive change considerably. The study, with a serial moderation, empirically finds that the project manager’s abilities affect the positive relationship between planning and project success when they are serially mediated. To begin with, these investigations have vast implications. To be specific, this study aims to fill up the existing theory gaps with the rich empirical data necessary to explain for the mediating mechanisms of the relationship between project planning and project success. This will largely help us in thinking about how effective project planning experience acts as an antecedent of project success while manager's competencies work as a moderator. Firstly, the organizations can utilize this information for their purpose when they develop plans that engage and coordinate employees towards attaining the project goal. Keywords: Project planning, Project manager competencies, Project success, IT Industry
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