Final Year Projects (FYPs) - Undergraduates
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/handle/123456789/43
This collection archives the complete set of theses produced by students of the COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus.
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Item Comparative Analysis on Building Integrated PV System in Pakistan By:(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2022) Muhammad Zohaib Waqar; , SP20-REE-011; Dr. Muhammad Yaqoob Javed; LHR TP 8074During the recent past years, the energy consumption throughout the whole country increases and unrenewable energy resources are exhausted. There is a need to introduce some other means of energy which will long lasting and can produce more energy. Renewable energy resources that are used to produce enormous amount of electricity are solar, hydral, wind and biomass energy. By 2020, the total installed capacity of energy in Pakistan is 34282 MW. Almost 2% of this energy generation is through PV and Wind. But due to current account deficit the import issue related to fuel is increasing day by day. There is a need to develop a cheap and self-sustained model related to energy generation in Pakistan. The population of Pakistan is approximately 230 million and now the culture of residential building is increasing in Pakistan. Due to which the energy demand is increasing rapidly as well. To fulfill those demands, the conventional source of energy is falling short day by day. So, the world is shifting towards the renewable source of energy and building integrated PV system is used for the purpose. Apparently in Pakistan, residential buildings are developing because of the rapid increase in population. So, to accommodate the people residential buildings are the most suitable. But it has the huge energy requirement that needs to fulfilled despite of the energy crisis in Pakistan. Therefore, Building Integrated PV system is used to install PV systems in these buildings to use renewable energy as a source to fulfill their energy requirements. In this research, PV integrated building of 133 KW Power will be analyzed and observed in Lahore. PV modules of 484 units, two invertors of almost 120 KW AC & power ratio of 1.109, batteries of 12 units having voltages of 1234 v and 3853 Ah will be used. In this grid connected building system plane is fixed and tilted at 90/6º, shading is linear and fixed load of 358 KW is observed. The total estimated production we need is to be 3132 MWh /Year. By analyzing the system, it is concluded that the total Produced Energy by the system is 118 MWh/ Year, total used energy is 3131.7 MWh/year. It is also concluded that Perf. Ratio PR is 76.74% and Solar Fraction SF is 3.83 %. Finally, the system is observed for both centralized systems and distributed systems to determine which system gives the most suitable and optimum outputs in different environmental conditions. Different environmental conditions like partial shading or uniform irradiance can be observed and the system can be designed accordingly. With the help of specific algorithms like DFO, P&O, INC and CS the outputs of the system can be deeply observed and the most suitable system can be designed according to the given condition to obtain the optimum outpuItem Efficient tracking of subatomic particles in the presence of multiple scattering in muon ionization cooling experiment(comsats university islamabad lahore campus, 2022) Tehreem Tariq; FA19-REE-005; Dr. Imran Ghous; LHR TP 7888Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) is an experiment of high-energy physics. It is used to cool muon beams using ionization cooling. The target of MICE is to obtain a muon beam with reduced phase space. Particle detection inside the cooling chamber is important to gain insight into the process. It is a challenging task because millions of particles pass through the particle detectors, and it becomes further complicated due to the presence of multiple scattering. When particles pass through the detectors, multiple scattering occurs. Multiple scattering distorts the trajectories of particles. As a result, the position and momentum of particles change, and the non-linearity of the system increases. Track fitting algorithms are used for particle tracking in MICE. In the past, Kalman Filters (KFs) and Particle Filters (PFs) and their adaptations have been used for non-linear tracking in MICE experiments in the absence of multiple scattering. PF has been widely used in non-linear systems, but it was not used for non-linear non-Gaussian multiple scattering in MICE. Ignoring the multiple scattering or taking it as a Gaussian approximation, PF outperformed Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) and Unscented Particle Filter (UPF) when compared in terms of accuracy but was more computationally complex than UKF. UPF was more computationally complex than PF but solved the problem of particle degeneracy and shifted the particles to the regions of high likelihood. In this thesis, non-linear non-Gaussian multiple scattering is studied by using the filters, which perform well for non-linear non-Gaussian systems because multiple scattering is non-Gaussian in nature, whereas most of the filtering techniques are designed for Gaussian approximations. The effect of multiple scattering, in its true form, on performance the of MICE has not been studied before. This will be the contribution of this research. In this research, UKF, PF, and UPF are used to study the behavior of the system in the presence of non-Gaussian multiple scattering and to compare their effectiveness in terms of accuracy and computational complexity.Item Performance Analysis Of Ant Colony Optimization(Publisher COMSATS University Islambad Lahore Campus, 2020) Syed Wajahat Raza Bukhari,; SP19-REE-006; Dr. Yaqoob Javed, Assistant Profesor [Supervisor]; LHR TP 7472From the past two decades the swift advancement in the field of power electronics, especially in photovoltaic (PV) power generation has led to the ever-increasing demand of highly efficient and robust power supplies. Thus Research & Development in this field has led to the use Switching Mode Power Supplies (SMPs). Thus, they provide minimal power losses which reduces the heat stresses on the system and enhances the power produced. Now the performance of power converter mainly depends on the control algorithm and the type of converter used. Each converter behaves differently under different shading conditions through the day. During the partial shading condition, we require such converter equipped with a fast-converging control algorithm that it senses the partial shading condition and tracks the maximum power point. Therefore, this research thesis represents an advance MPPT technique of Ant Colony Algorithm to optimize the maximum power tracked in minimum time. For this purpose, an ACO algorithm with optimal colony size was developed and tested on two advanced DC-DC converters for performance analysis which are Boost and SEPIC. Both converters were tested on three different conditions of solar irradiation to simulate a day response of converter. As each PV module daily receives different solar irradiation due to weather and shading conditions. Therefore, each converter with ACO was tested for Uniform Shading Condition, Partial Shading Condition and Extreme Partial Shading Conditions. Additionally, this thesis also represents a comparative performance analysis of Particle Swarm Optimization Technique and Perturb and Observe Technique on the same converters under same shading conditions. In the end a comprehensive conclusion based upon the results of simulation is made.Item An Efficient Solar Energy Harvesting Technique(Publisher COMSATS University Islambad Lahore Campus, 2020) Muhammad Annas Hafeez,; SP17-REE-006; Dr, Muhammad Yaqoob Javeed,From last few decades, Renewable energy sources are providing core role to fulfil energy demands. The need of producing energy in electrical form from everlasting energy sources arise due to fossils fuel’s reduction (coal, petroleum, natural gas etc.). Approximately 17% demand of the world’s energy is fulfilled through these everlasting sources. Energy through solar is considered the main source of energy among others renewable energy sources because of its pollution and noise free nature. Energy through solar is widely used to produce electricity by using photovoltaic cells. The inconsistent irradiance, temperature, and unexpected behaviour of weather effects the output of photovoltaic systems, classified as partial or complex partial shading conditions. Under these circumstances, obtaining the maximum output power from the PV system becomes strenuous. This thesis proposes a population-based optimization model, Harris Hawk’s Optimization (HHO) based on the natural inspiration to harvest maximum power under partial or complex partial shading conditions. It is an intelligent strategy, inspired by the surprise pounce chasing style of Harris Hawk. The proposed technique outperforms under different weather conditions, have less computational time, fast convergence speed, and zero oscillations after reaching a power point’s maximum limit. Performance comparison of HHO is made with conventional techniques such as, perturbs and observe (PandO), Incremental conductance (Inc), Bio-inspired particle swarm optimization (PSO), Adaptive cuckoo search optimization (ACS), Hybrid and Dragonfly (DA) algorithm. HHO achieves 99.4% efficiency on average and performs very well among rest of the competing techniques. Under HHO the oscillation is compact to < 1W & the re-tracking is tremendously effective. The results indicate in Table 4.3 shows the HHO algorithm outperforms other algorithms, with reference to fast tracking, convergence time, settling time, efficiency as well as stability under different weather conditions and can attain maximum power point with negligible oscillations, under partial and complex shading.Item Fuzzy Logic Based Car Monitoring, Performance and Diagnostic System(COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2020) WALEED AHMED HASSAN HUSSAIN BUKHARI, RAHEELA BALOCH Spring 2019; FA15-BTE-12 , FA15-BTE-01 , FA15-BTE-50; Dr. Mujtaba JafferyIn structure arranging progresses in advances and availability of mild open source gear systems are having other example in system arranging. Usage of headways like Internet of Things (IoT) can encourage the system of data get-together and examination. The central point is to develop a system which can screen vehicle engine parameters through the OBD port using Raspberry pi. The data got is trading from the vehicle to a remote region and is appeared on the site and versatile application. The issues in blue pencils of autos, Fuzzy rationale predicts the mistake before it happens and cautions the individual. System arrangement was summed okay with checking unmistakable parameters like Vehicle speed, Engine compartment temperature, Fuel usage and some more.Item To Design A High Data Rate VLC System(COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2020) Awais Saeed , Zohair Altaf , Abdul Rafey Siddiqui; FA15-BTE-003 , FA15-BTE-048 , FA15-BTE-013; Nesaruminallah; Electrical Engineering; LHR TP 5885Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a way for data transmission using a visible light spectrum that is both unlicensed and huge. The frequency for VLC ranges from 400 TeraHertz to 789 Terahertz. In this project, a high-speed VLC transceiver using Colour Shift Keying (CSK) modulation is discussed. The CSK based novel VLC system is implemented by the use of CDMA technique that also enable multiple user transmission simultaneously. An efficient transmitter and receiver circuit was designed to fulfil the requirements. Simulations were carried out in MATLAB for modulation schemes and CDMA CSK is compared with On-OFF Keying (OOK) modulation scheme in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER). Simulation of circuitry was done using Proteus software. At the end of this project, a comparison between the above-mentioned modulation schemes is provided in terms of BER.Item Wireless Bomb Disposal Robot(COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2020) Mahnoor Pasha , Zesharaf Khaliq , Shoaib Akbar; , Z, FA15-Bce-011 , FA15-Bce-044 , FA15-Bce-041 , FA15-Bce-054; Dr. Muhhamd Yaqoob, Assistant Profesor; LHR TP 5877In the previous decades, robotic systems have been used for multiple purposes and have gained the popularity they deserve. Development in robotic technology has thus now made it possible to perform tasks that previously could not have been performed without human interference. The wireless bomb disposal robot is one such major example which will be used for defense purposes in order to prevent bomb blasts and other terrorist activities. In this project we propose a wireless bomb disposal robot which would use a wireless system at the user end to control the robot. The key features of this robot include a robotic arm, a wireless camera, a dexterous gripper allowing the removal of explosives and a base. Even though far from perfect, by using this robot, we can prevent risking life of the human responsible for bomb disposal. Thus introducing a safer and effective alternative for disposing explosives in order to save lives of common people.