Department of Management Science
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Item Conventional Supply Chain Versus Digital Supply Chain(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Mughira Asghar; CIIT/FA22-RBA-021/LHR; Mr. Nayyar Butt; LHR TP 9445Conventional supply chains are typically marked by manual processes, paper-based documentation, and isolated operations. These traditional systems often lead to inefficiencies, limited visibility, and sluggish response times, resulting in inventory inaccuracies, delayed shipments, and heightened operational costs. The absence of real- time data and integrated systems hinders effective decision-making and diminishes overall supply chain agility. In contrast, digital supply chains harness advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and big data analytics. These technologies enable the creation of interconnected, real-time, and highly responsive supply chain systems. Digital supply chains provide enhanced transparency, allowing stakeholders to access precise and up-to-date information at every stage of the supply chain. This improved visibility facilitates better demand forecasting, optimized inventory management, and more efficient logistics operations. One of the primary advantages of digital supply chains is their ability to enhance agility and responsiveness. Utilizing real-time data and predictive analytics allows businesses to swiftly adapt to changing market conditions, customer demands, and potential disruptions. This agility is crucial in today's fast-paced business environment, where the ability to respond quickly to unforeseen events can significantly impact maintaining customer satisfaction and competitive advantage. This improved collaboration enhances coordination, reduces lead times, and minimizes errors, resulting in a more efficient and streamlined supply chain. The project includes case studies of companies that have successfully implemented digital technologies into their supply chains, demonstrating how businesses have achieved improved performance, cost savings, and increased customer satisfaction through the adoption of digital supply chain solutions. However, transitioning to a digital supply chain is not without its challenges. Businesses must invest in the necessary technology infrastructure, upskill their workforce, and address data security concerns. Change management and organizational culture also play critical roles in ensuring a smooth transition. This project underscores the imperative for businesses to embrace digital transformation in their supply chains. The benefits of enhanced transparency, agility, and collaboration outweigh the challenges, positioning companies to thrive in the modern market landscape.Item Operations at KFC(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Osama Gulzar; FA22-RBA-003; Mr. Nayyar Butt; LHR TP 9441This project examines the operational strategies employed by Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) to optimize performance and customer satisfaction, with a focus on their layout and process design. Through an in-depth interview with the KFC Johar Town branch manager in Pakistan, we gained valuable insights into the company's approach to operations management. I chose KFC as our case study due to their global prominence, ease of data accessibility, and well-documented strategic approaches. By analyzing the branch manager's insights, we discovered that KFC prioritizes quality and speed, which are critical for their competitive edge in the fast-food industry. As part of my project, I conducted visits to various facilities, including restaurants and cafés, to compare their operations based on the 4Vs framework: Volume, Variety, Variation, and Visibility. KFC manages high volume through digital technologies like smartphone ordering and self- service kiosks. They offer a diverse menu to cater to different tastes and adapt to demand fluctuations with flexible staffing and promotions. Additionally, they ensure high visibility through open kitchen designs. To measure KFC’s performance objectives, I assessed Quality, Speed, Dependability, Flexibility and Cost. Lastly, evaluated whether KFC’s layout and processes meet operational demands. The strategic layout enhances operational efficiency, advanced process technology supports high-volume and quality service. The branch manager also highlighted KFC's adaptability, citing their response to a significant sales decline during the Gaza-Israel conflict as an example of their ability to adjust and improve. We identified potential strategies for future improvement, including adaptable staffing designs, functional workforce zones, and cultural orientation education. KFC's success comes from its operations management, which ensures consistency across locations and cultures. This involves coordinating resources to produce high- quality goods and services that meet customer needs. KFC uses the 4Vs framework (Volume, Variety, Variation, and Visibility) to improve operations. They thrive in volume through digital technologies, offer variety to satisfy different tastes, adjust to changing customer tastes, and prioritize transparency. Speed and quality are crucial for KFC's success in a competitive market. By innovating and marketing smartly, KFC maintains excellent operations and customer loyalty, highlighting the importance of good operations management for long-term success.Item Exploring the Influence of Online Negative Reviews on Consumer Decision-Making: A Case Study of Honda HRV(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Muhammad Tayyab; A22-RBA-023; Dr. Jawaria Fatima; LHR TP 9446This research focuses on the impact of negative reviews on consumer decision making by using the case study of Honda HR-V in Pakistan. The objective of this study is to explore whether negative reviews effect the brand reputation, trust and sales of their product in the automotive industry. By collecting and analyzing data from online review platforms and those individual online consumers who want to buy Honda by visiting these review platforms, the study illustrates the extent to which negative reviews have impact on the brand of Honda. The data is analyzed with available secondary research data of Honda in Pakistan and I find results that negative reviews also can turn off the potential buyers but moderated by many factors like credibility of the reviewer, the overall balance of positive and negative reviews and the specification of the reviews. Furthermore, the study identifies strategies used by the Author and other auto brand's team to prevent any damage from a negative review, such as smart customer service and proper communication, getting positive reviews to mitigate negativity etc. which will help reader in the automotive industry to make the right business decision. The research contributes on further studies related to the impact of digital word of mouth.Item Impact of Voluntary Disclosure Practices on Company’s Performance in Pakistan’s Petroleum Sector(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Maheen Nasir; CIIT/SP23-RBA-010/LHR; Dr. Samya Tahir; LHR TP 9452The study explores the influence of voluntary disclosures on the performance of Pakistan's petroleum sector, which faces fluctuating regulations, market volatility, and risks associated with corruption. Voluntary disclosures can enhance transparency, helping investors and stakeholders understand how companies manage these risks, thus potentially improving corporate integrity and mitigating fraudulent activities. The research aims to create a Voluntary Disclosure Index (VDI) tailored to the petroleum sector in Pakistan, analyse the extent of voluntary disclosure practices, and assess their impact on financial performance. Additionally, it highlights the importance of voluntary disclosure in building corporate reputation and brand equity through enhanced transparency, accountability, and stakeholder engagement. The literature indicates that voluntary disclosures significantly impact market valuation, investor confidence, and overall firm performance. Studies from various countries, including China, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Iraq, and Bangladesh, have shown that higher levels of voluntary disclosure correlate with better financial outcomes and stronger corporate governance. These findings suggest that strong ownership structures and legal frameworks are crucial for encouraging voluntary disclosure practices. The study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative analyses of secondary data from annual reports of Pakistani petroleum companies for the fiscal years 2022-2023. A Voluntary Disclosure Index (VDI) was developed to evaluate the disclosure level of companies based on corporate governance, environmental policies, corporate social responsibility, risk management, and future prospects. Companies were then categorized into Excellent, Good, or Negligent Disclosure based on their VDI scores.Item Manufacturing Supply Chain Characteristics Vs Service Supply Chain Characteristics and their Comparison(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Awais; CIIT/SP23-RBA-003/LHR; Mr. Nayyar Butt; LHR TP 9448Supply chain management (SCM), an aware term, a vital face of business operations, that affects output, satisfaction of clients, and the competition all around. Industrial and service supply networks have many differences in terms of characteristics and management strategies, Although the basics of supply chain management (SCM) are applicable to industries all around the world. Finding these differences by providing a thorough opportunity of their unique properties is the main aim of this work. Already Available studies aims to investigate the specific features of manufacturing and service supply networks, different management tactics are used to focus mainly on the process. The specifics of these type of supply networks are already observed in the previous literature. Strong commodity results, intricate manufacturing types, and reliance on other sources are some of the characteristics of manufacturing supply networks. Many other services like quality assurance, intangible properties and flexible management with close client interaction are provided by supply chains. Some comparative factors are in the nature of the product (physical vs. intangible), manufacturing processes, demand forecasting, supplier relationships, logistics and distribution, customer involvement, and human resource management. How these ideas are implemented in real life can be learnt by Uber lnc. and apple and many other companies. The methods that are more efficient need to be designed that cause the industries to be grow and the differences should be examined by the service stations. This comparison study helps to enhance these processes, increase operational efficiency, and sustainability. The basic learnings I have got from this study is the function of supply chain. By analyzing the distinctive features and management strategies of manufacturing and service supply networks, this project provides basic understanding of the processes going through in supply chain management. By using the techniques and strategies I have learn through business can be expanded and targets can be achieved in comparison to competitors as well.Item Determine The Ways to Reduce Employee Turnover Rate in an Organization(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Malik Abdul Salam; FA22-RBA-002; Dr. Muhammad Fahad Javaid; LHR TP 9454In the modern age high percentage of employee turnover and low productivity are perennial problems that affect businesses across all industries. Strategic Human Resource Development resources has the potential to increase an organization's production despite a high rate of employee turnover, and this is the main goal of this study. The efficiency of SHRD procedures and standards is investigated in connection to these organizational issues using data from experiments, case histories, and a synthesized theoretical framework. A comprehensive analysis enables the assessment of employee productivity and turnover rate, providing insight into the formulation and implementation of SHRD projects.