Department of Management Science
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Item Linking Personal Demands and Personal Resources with Job Performance: Mediating Role of Basic Need Satisfaction and Work Engagement and Burnout(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2020) Muhammad Waqas; FA12-PMS-005; Dr. Zafar-Uz-Zaman Anjum; LHR TP 5938Purpose- This study aims to examine the function of personal demands and personal resources on job performance through the mediating effects of basic need satisfaction (BNS), work engagement, and burnout by integrating the self determination theory. This study postulates that personal demands and personal resources impact work engagement and burnout through basic need satisfaction (BNS) which further help to impact employee performance. Design/methodology/approach – By using judgmental sampling data was collected from sales employees and their supervisors of 8 insurance companies operating in Pakistan. These companies are listed on the security and exchange commission of Pakistan (SECP). Structural equation modeling technique was used to test the model of this study. Investigator used the phantom modeling technique to test the mediating effects. Findings – This study explains the indirect effects in two steps in order to handle the issues of parsimony. In the first step study reveals that personal demands and personal resources have an indirect effect on work engagement and burnout. Personal demands-resources have positive effect on the work engagement through basic need satisfaction but negative on the burnout through basic need satisfaction. In the second step serial mediation analysis suggests that BNS, and work engagement fully mediated the relationship of personal demands- resources and employees in-role performance. However, no mediation exists between personal demands-resources and employees’ in-role performance via BNS and burnout. Originality/value – This research is unique in a way that it has explored the effect of personal demands and personal resources on employees’ work engagement and burnout through BNS. Moreover, this research has found the serial mediation between personal demands-resources and employees’ in-role performance through BNS and work engagement and burnout.Item Prediction and Indirect Costs of Bankruptcy: A Multi-Stage Approach to Financial Distress(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2020) Umar Farooq; FA12-PMS-009; Dr. Muhammad Ali Jibran Qamar; LHR TP 5948This dissertation investigates corporate failure from three perspectives using a sample of non-financial firms listed at Pakistan Stock Exchange. First, the dynamic behaviour of different stages of financial distress were explored. Second, a prediction model of multistage financial distress was developed. Third, impact size and determinants of indirect cost of financial distress were studied. To investigate these three perspectives, the data of 321 on going and 91 delisted non-financial firms is extracted from annual publications of State Bank of Pakistan during 2002-2015. This research starts with the proposed dynamic framework of multistage financial distress showing multiple adverse heterogeneous events leading a healthy firm closer to bankruptcy progressively. It is found that initially healthy firms face profitability problems or mild liquidity issues. While continuity of both the problems leads to severe liquidity that results in bankruptcy. This research also developed a machine learning model to forecast such profitability problem, mild liquidity and severe liquidity. In doing so, criticisms on prior prediction models particularly regarding sampling, feature selection and model selection are explored using Systematic Literature Review. This research contributes by applying recommended solutions of such criticisms to obtain more accurate multistage financial distress prediction model. Results showed that the proposed model predicted multistage financial distress with 84.06% accuracy. This accuracy increased to 89.57% when relevant cut-off values were applied. Furthermore, the indirect cost of financial distress was studied using the sample of on going firms that were healthy in the previous year and documented positive gross profit. To measure indirect cost, appropriate measure of distress, receivable and inventory management are used based on the recommendations of Systematic Literature Review. Results showed that healthy firms do not lose their market share when faced with profitability problems or mild liquidity issues. Conversely, leverage showed a nonlinear relation with indirect cost. It was also found that healthy firms that remain healthy should increase their receivables and inventory to capture more market share. However, results revealed that firms facing profitability problems should follow industry averages for receivables management and hold more inventory x to recover from profitability problems. Conversely, healthy firms that face mild liquidity issues can decrease their receivables and inventory to enhance their liquidity position without affecting market share. This dissertation provides useful practical implications for managers to respond during financial distress. The results will help stakeholders to recognize intensity of financial problems earlier in order to respond accordingly. Moreover, this dissertation provides useful insight that how managers can minimize the adverse effects of indirect cost of financial distress in terms of loss of opportunistic market share.Item Impact of Compensation Systems Attributes on Teacher's Performance with Associated Variables in Universities of Pakistan(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2020) Rana Nadir Idress; FA12-PMS-007; Dr. Syed Imran Haider Naqvi; LHR TP 5801This study evaluates how compensation system attributes (CSAs), affect the performance of teachers serving in universities in Pakistan through the lens of social exchange theory, which is an over-arching theory used for the current study. Teachers’ performance (TP), and its relationship with the four CSAs (e.g., pay increase policy, pay levels and mix) have been described in this research. The idea is to apply a methodological approach to determine the role of psychological capital (PsyCap) and psychological contract fulfilment (PCF) as mediators and the role of the social capital (SC) as a moderator. In this regard, a nationwide survey of 608 teachers from 52 higher education institutes in Pakistan was conducted using a simple random sampling technique. Survey responses were compiled and analysed using quantitative research methods, including correlation, regression and PROCESS, to check for mediation and moderation. This study reveals that the CSAs positively impact TP. The results also confirm that SC serves as a moderator between the CSAs and TP. The study also suggests that PsyCap and PCF positively mediate the link between CSAs and TP. The findings of this research are fairly aligned with the conclusions drawn under earlier research performed in other areas. PCF is observed to be a strong mediator. However, the partial mediation of PsyCap in relation to the CSAs and TP may be attributable to a lack of adequate focus on its development at the leadership level as well as individuals linking hope, confidence, and resilience to spiritual beliefs, thus making it relatively indifferent with respect to CSAs. Apart from bridging the literature gap in the context of establishing linkage of PCF, PsyCap and SC with TP, this study also provides practical guidelines and suggestions for the policy and decision makers in HEIs by mainly pointing towards existing compensation restructuring with a consequential improvement in TP.Item Commodity Futures and Equities: A comparison on Risk and Return Basis (A case from Pakistan)(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2015-02-04) Yasir Ayub; FA12-MSMS-023; Dr. Abdul Haque; LHR TP 4338This study investigates the risk and return characteristics of the two avenues of investment i.e. Commodity future and Equities in Pakistan. Number of Investment alternatives have been discovered in the recent past era but there is doubt in an investors mind that are these alternative investment classes are sound enough to replicate the traditional asset classes return and provide greater value to the investor. Whether this greater value comes in the form of Diversification benefit and reduction in the standard deviation. Are these new Asset classes are equally good in terms of Risk and Return and other benefits. So this study is dedicated to this issue there is an effort to decide are these alternative asset classes in the form of Commodity futures provide value to the investor. There are several benefits associated with Commodity futures investments as identified by various researcher and academics in the past. Moreover there is resurgence of Commodity Futures market in the especially after 1980’s which is an indication that commodity futures is somewhat capable to entice the investors. The benefits associated with the Commodity Futures investment are Equity like return, low correlation with the Equities i.e. diversification power, Inflation hedging, Better risk adjusted returns and much more. This study is dedicated to validate these benefits in context of Pakistan. This study contains the comparison of Risk and return characteristics of KSE-100 index (Equities) and Pmex index (Commodity Futures) in Pakistan along with some touch of individual Commodity futures contract and some internationally traded Commodity futures contract. Study also contains some deciding factors such as Sharp ratio. Results confirms the following facts first of all Commodity futures market in Pakistan provides better return as compared to Equities. Secondly there is low correlation between Pmex index and Equity index in Pakistan so this is the confirmation of the diversification potential in Commodity Futures and finally our Garch results confirms that there is presence of long memory and phenomenon of Volatility clustering in the Pmex index and KSe-100 index we have also predict the variances of these indices for the futureItem Impact of Stakeholder's Engagement on Project Portfolio Management Success, IT Industry in Lahore, Pakistan.(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2014-02-04) Madeeha Shah; FA12-MSPM-020; Dr. Imran Haider Naqvi; LHR TP 4315Stakeholder behavior and stakeholder management are necessary success essentials within project portfolio management (PPM) success. This empirical study of 87 well known software houses of Lahore, were organizing projects in portfolios investigated the effect of engagement of stakeholder’s engagement on project portfolio management success. Study mentioned that the effect of stakeholders was phase-peculiar and that role clarity affected the nature of the relationship between the stakeholder’s engagement and project portfolio management success as a moderator. Data analysis was employed by Pearson correlation and Step wise Hierarichal Regression. Results described that stakeholder’s engagement had insignificant effect on the PPM success, but with moderating effect of role clarity internal stakeholder’s engagement show strong and highly significant effect on the PPM success. Results also mentioned that external stakeholder’s engagement had significant effect on the PPM success, furthermore moderating effect of role clarity also keep significant relationship between external stakeholder’s engagement and PPM success. This study enriches project research by applying stakeholder theory to the project portfolio context and offered practical direction further to make PPM professional.Item An Assessment of human resource management practices and its impact on Organizational outcomes: A Case of PEF (Punjab Education Foundation)(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2015-02-04) Asma Batool; FA12-MSPM-004; LHR TP 4301The conducted study aimed at investigating relationship between human resource practices, knowledge management and organizational outcomes in project based education organization Punjab Education Foundation in Pakistan. In addition, the study examined the relationship human resource practices (HR practices) (effective communication, job design, staffing, rewards and incentives, career development, job security, work life balance and appraisal. The main study was conducted through sample of 248 employees working at different level in Punjab Education in between 25 and 50 and above belonging to the city of Lahore, Rwalpindi and Multan. Survey method was used to collect data comprising of three sections including the demographic sheet, human resource management practices scale, knowledge management scale and organizational outcomes scale. Moreover, multiple regression analysis for Baron and Kenny (1986) steps four mediation analysis performed. The results showed that knowledge management partial mediated between effective communication (β= .493, p=0.000), job design (β= .457, p=0.000), staffing (β= .398, p=0.000), rewards and incentives (β= .336, p=0.000), career development (β= .336, p=0.000), job security (β= .340, p=0.000) and work life balance variables (β= .375, p=0.000) and fully mediated between appraisal (β= .303, p=0.000) organizational outcomes. The PEF has moderate level of working environment and organizational strategies. The consideration of the research finding is based on the recommendations to develop and improve the techniques and betterment of internal working environment and human resource management practices for motivating human capital to achieve goals effectively and efficientlyItem A Study of the Leadership Styles of Project Managers and its Impact on Project Performance in Software Industry of Pakistan(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2014-02-04) Rabiya Jamil Ahmmed; FA12-MSPM-012; Dr. Yahya Rashid; LHR TP 4458This study evaluates the effect of leadership styles of project managers in project performance in software Industry of Punjab Pakistan. Full leadership model was selected to make comparison of the effects of three leadership styles (Transformational, Transactional, Laissez-fair) of project managers in project performance. So software industry was focused in this research. After comprehensive literature review on the related topic in the hypothesized model a questionnaire was developed and its validity was checked by the pilot survey first. A sample of two hundred and fifteen first level managers, directly working under project managers like software Architects, Principal software Engineers, Developers, programmers, Quality Assurance personals in software industry was selected by using simple random sampling and the response rate was seventy two percent. The analysis was completed by using descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis by SPSS- 16. Finally conclusion and recommendations are suggested. The study concludes that Transformational leadership of project manager has significant effect in project performance and its two construct charisma (CHM) and inspiration (INS) are proved significant and this study also provides significant practical implications of the results for the project managers working in software houses of Pakistan that they can enhance the performance of their projects by learning and exhibiting transformational leadership style as according to Pakistani working environment of software houses this leadership style is proved effective. Further areas for future research and implications are also highlighted in this thesis.Item Role of Islamic banking in Financial Inclusion; A Regional Analysis(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2016) Muhammad Umer Majeed; FA12-MSMS-014; Dr. Waheed Akhter; LHR TP 4367Financial inclusion is emerging topic in these days. This study investigates that how Islamic banking affecting financial Inclusion. This study also identifies the role of control variable how they are playing their role for enhancing the financial inclusion. Islamic banking which provide Riba free services playing its role especially in Muslims Countries so it is important to promote Islamic banking so we can increase financial inclusion. This study used panel of 28 countries which were selected from OIC countries where Islamic banking prevail further we subdivided countries on basis of 2 regions Asia and Africa in which 14 are situated in Asia and rest in Africa, over the period 2005-2014. Results are estimated by application of Fixed and Random Effect Panel Regression technique suggested by the Hausman test. Results confirm that Islamic banking is more contributing in borrow side with respect to other dimensions of financial inclusion Depositors and Branches. Results shows that in both region Asia and Africa GDP is positively and significantly impacting on financial inclusion. And there is need to develop more confidence among people to improve financial inclusion for both region. Result also show that people feel hesitation to deposits in banks. At branches side lerner index show positive and significant impact which tells that as banking competition increase then more branches opens so that financial access will increaseItem Impact of Ethical Work Climate on Employees’ Work Related Outcomes (Job Satisfaction, Turnover Intention and Employee Creativity): Mediating Role of Organizational Identification(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2016-02-03) Darakhshan Khan; FA12-MSMS-006; LHR TP 4360; Dr. Asma ImranThe conducted study has investigated the influence of ethical work climate of organizations on the work related outcomes of employees which are job satisfaction, turnover intention and creativity of employees, either directly or indirectly through a mediating impact of organizational identification. This study explains about organizational identification experienced by sales employees due to the existence of an ethical work climate in an organization that may result in higher satisfaction of employees with their jobs, low level of turnover intention and greater employee creativity. It is a relatively new perspective in terms of Pakistan’s Cellular Telecommunication industry but not anonymous. Data is collected by survey method from a sample of 273 sales employees, who are randomly selected and employed in telecommunication companies of the Lahore city. Multiple regression analysis by Baron and Kenny (1986) was used for mediation analysis. According to the results it has been observed that organizational identification partially mediated between ethical work climate and job satisfaction; partially mediated between ethical work climate and turnover intention; partially mediated between ethical work climate and employee creativity. Academically, this study provides a perspective to highlight relationship between ethical work climate and employees’ work related outcomes (job satisfaction, turnover intention and employee creativity). The study is specific to telecom sector of Lahore city of Pakistan and is based on small sample size. Consequently, results cannot be generalized to larger populations within telecom sector or over other business sectors. However, the study opens grounds for future research opportunities in all business sectors and is significant to management and scholarsItem Mediating Effect of Perceived Organizational Support on the Relationship between Leader-Member Exchange and the Innovation Work Behavior of Nursing Employees: A Social Exchange Perspective(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2016-02-03) QamarZaman; FA12-MSMS-015; LHR TP 4706; Dr. Asma ImranThe present study aimed at investigating relationship between Leader-Member Exchange and Innovative work Behavior in Pakistani nursing sector. Additionally the study examined the relationship between Leader-Member Exchange as an independent variable and dependent variable Innovative Work Behavior moreover it has examined the impact of Leader-Member Exchange and Innovative Work Behavior further this explored mediating role of Perceived Organization Support between Leader-Member Exchange and Innovative work Behavior. The main study was conducted through systematic randomly selected sample of 400 nurses of ages between 24 and 60 belonging to public and private sector hospitals at Lahore. Survey method was used to collect data. Correlation analysis exposed the significance and strength of relationships between variables i.e. Innovative Behaviour, Perceived Organizational Support (POS) and Leader Member Exchange (LMX). More over regression analysis was performed for direct relationships. Baron and Kenny (1986) method is used for mediation analysis. The results showed that Perceived Organizational Support (POS) partially mediate between Leader Member Exchange (LMX) and Innovative Behaviour. Practical implications, study limitations were discussed and future research directions were recommended