Department of Management Science

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End date: 2019Subject: search.filters.subject.Management Sciences

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    DETERMINENTS OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE DECISION Case of Pakistani Government Owned and Private Firms
    (Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2007) Ayesha Mazhar; FA05-RMS-008; Dr. Muhammad Nasr
    Capital structure decisions are among the most important and crucial decisions for any business because of their effect on value and cost of the company. The objective of every company is to maximize its value with the minimum costs, and that is possible only when a company makes a judicious mixture of debt and equity. For that reason, any company has to consider the important factors of capital structure decision which helps in determining how much leverage a company should employ. In this dissertation we have discussed the determinants of capital structure of Pakistani firms and divided our sample in to two sub-samples of private and government owned companies in order to make comparison between two sectors. In this regard we selected a sample of 91 Pakistani companies out of which 80 companies are private and 11 are government owned. We collected data of those firms during the period of 1999 – 2006. We used Tangibility, Size, Growth rate, Tax Provision, ROA and Profitability as independent variables and Leverage as our dependent variable. For analysis purpose we have used descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlation and Regression analysis. The results show that Tangibility, Size, Profitability and ROA have negative relationship with Leverage where Tax provision and Growth rate has positive relation with leverage. There seems to be a positive coefficient of tax rate of Tax provision, Growth rate, and negative coefficient for ROA in private companies and government owned companies. On the other hand, in government owned companies Tangibility is positively correlated with debt, where in private companies it is negatively correlated. Size is positively correlated with debt in private companies and negatively correlated in government owned companies. Similarly in government owned companies Profitability is positively correlated and conversely in private companies it is negatively correlated. This may imply that government owned and private companies of Pakistan use different patterns of financing, and that government owned companies employ more leverage than private companies
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    Explaining the mediating role of Service Quality and Operational performance between TQM enablers and Organizational Performance of Software Industry; a Managerial Perspective.
    (Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2017) UMAIR SULTAN TIPU; FA13-MSPM-007; Dr Faisal Tahseen Shah; LHR TP 4776
    The Software industry of Pakistan is enhancing and becoming more focused towards the incorporation of quality attributes and software firms are focused towards inducing the quality programs to survive in highly competitive market (Arumugam & Chang 2009; Chung, Tien , Hsieh , & Tsai 2008). The present study focuses on determining the association between the six Total Quality Management practice elements with the organizational performance, that is the outcome variable of MBNQA framework in Software Industry of Pakistan. Moreover, it deals with determining the mediating role of service quality and organizational performance between the TQM enablers and organizational performance. The present study aims to be significant for the top management of software houses and will theoretically contribute to the knowledge associated with TQM practice and service quality role in Software Industry of Pakistan. The quantitative research methodology using the survey questionnaire is being adopted in present study to collect data from employees and managers through convenience sampling technique with a positivism philosophy. The present research upholds a unique importance of being the only research of its kind exploring the mediating role of service quality and operational performance among TQM enablers and performance of software firms in Pakistan as Sadeh and Garkaz (2014) raised the need to check such mediating roles in TQM and performance relationship. This study is also closely relevant to project management as it is incorporating the concept of MBNQA in TQM to assess project‟s operational and overall performance.
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    Mediating Role of Workplace Spirituality and Protean Career in Modeling the Employee Career Success through Spiritual Leadership
    (Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2018) Huma Ali; SP11-PMS-001; Dr. Mahmood Ahmad Bodla; LHR TP 5292
    Career success, though a subjective construct, has always been the most cherished goal of all employees. The present study focuses on the role of spiritual leadership in attaining the career success while workplace spirituality and protean career acts as catalyst to enhance the underlying psychological processes. Subjective evaluation of career success may include life, career and job satisfaction which can be enhanced through spiritual leadership. Workplace spirituality is the very essence for prevalence of spiritual leaders which can boost up the morale of employees and help meet their personal as well as organizational objectives by nourishing different streams of their careers. A protean career employee generally focuses on personal development of his skills and competencies at his own in order to attain career success instead of being dependent on organizational career arrangements. However, enabling work environment in the presence of work place spirituality and spiritual leaders will augment this process. There exists significant literature how workplace spirituality affects the performance of employees in the organization, but this study is a prime effort to investigate how workplace spirituality and protean career can be used to explain the relationship between spiritual leadership and subjective career success of employees. Current stream of research that calls for pragmatism philosophy, which is being used in present research, dwells the need for testing framework through qualitative as well as quantitative perspectives which is known as mix-method research design. This design helps to overcome the weaknesses/shortcomings of quantitative and qualitative studies. Using structured questionnaire and interview guide, data were collected from x faculty members of universities, doctors of hospitals and officer grade employees of banking industry from five major cities of Punjab, Pakistan. Service sector industries have been chosen because of its major contribution to the national GDP (more than 60%). Respondents were selected through convenience sampling and sample size was 1920. Different statistical tools such as correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analy sis, structural equation modeling and hierarchical regression analysis have been applied for analyzing the data which provided significant support for the hypothesized relation ships. Results showed that spiritual leadership positively impact subjective career suc cess of employees. Similarly, workplace spirituality and protean career act as the cata lysts between spiritual leadership and subjective career success of employees. This study open new horizons for future research. The study in hand will provide guidelines and applications for researchers as well as practitioners.
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    FOOD WASTAGE: A COMPARISON OF FOOD SERVING STYLES IN BANQUET
    (Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2019) Hafiz Abdullah Altaf; FA17-RBA-006; Dr. Amir Riaz; LHR TP 5448
    Food wastage in wedding events is a social dilemma that has to be abated and scarcity of natural resources should be realized by society in order to maintain national food security. Conventional buffet style food service promotes consumer plate waste, costing organization a negative image of food shortage and sub-standard service. Changing service style can save consumable food as well as increase goodwill of organization. Social responsibility demands structural and cultural adjustments to eliminate hunger and poverty from society. Organizations working in national food supply chain should play their part in saving food by increasing operational efficiency where appropriate service style can save service related costs.
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    Servant leadership, Empowerment And Follower Outcome: Insight from Higher Education Sector
    (Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2017) Moazzam Latif; FA15-RMS-006; Dr Asma Imran; LHR TP 4774
    The primary objective of current study was to examine either the servant leadership is suitable for instruction. Study has examined that how servant leadership effect followers’ engagement, motivation, learning by considering the mediating role of follower empowerment. To achieve study objectives, effective methodology has been adopted. In order to meet the objectives of study data has been collected through questionnaire from 400 business graduates from different HEC recognize universities by using stratified random sampling technique. The results of the study have showed that servant teaching significantly and positively impact the students’ engagement, learning, motivation, and psychological empowerment. The findings also revealed that the relationship of servant leadership with follower learning, engagement, and motivation is significantly mediated by psychological empowerment. Result of the study also provides new insight to instructors who are seeking to develop learning environment that foster the students’ outcome.
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    Pakistan Housing Deficit Crisis
    (Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2019) Masoom Ilyas; FA17-RBA-001; Haroon Rashid; LHR TP 5437
    This is an exploratory research project into housing deficit crisis in Pakistan which has impacted the real estate industry and the population at large. This project was designed to study the issues of information asymmetry and speculation that have inflated this crisis and made it difficult for the middle class of Pakistan to afford housing. The project examined the perceptions and preferences of university students at COMSATS Lahore who are going to be the future customers of the real estate market. The findings of this project indicate that there is indeed a housing deficit crisis in Pakistan and there is a lack of awareness about this crisis. The findings also suggest that majority of the students intend to purchase housing soon preferably in Lahore and Islamabad cities. The preference is leaning towards gated communities and housing society. This is consistent with the norms and observations about the Pakistan real estate market as most middle and upper middle-class people tend to gravitate towards such housing projects due to security and good standards of living.
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    Perceptions of Organizational Politics and Employees’ Performance; An Integrative Model of Pakistani Worksites
    (Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2018) Rizwan Qaiser Danish; SP09-PMS-002; Prof. Dr. Mahmood A. Bodla; LHR TP 5288
    Organizational Politics is an integral part of every organization whether small or large, public or private. This phenomenon varies in the degrees of its use from person to person and context to context. Thus perceptions of reality are more important than reality itself. The study in hand is an effort to investigate what affects do these perceptions have on different employees’ outcomes in Pakistani organizations. This is prime effort to investigate the relationship of perceived organizational politics with various outcomes through mixed method design and focusing on mechanisms or processes rather than bivariate relationships. The data was collected from nationwide sample through self administered questionnaires in quantitative phase and semi structured interviews in qualitative phase concurrently. Self administered questionnaires were distributed to part time management students who were working in different organizations of Pakistan during their day schedule and take their classes in evening. Overall 1360 questionnaires were distributed from which 1163 working surveys were received which make about response rate equals to 85.51%. Qualitative data were collected through semi structured interviews from six executives working in different industries. Participation in survey and interview was voluntary while confidentiality and anonymity were ensured. For analysis purpose, quantitative data were coded and entered into SPSS 20 and interviews were transcribed in NVivo 10. Structural Equation Modeling was applied for measurement model and structural model for the purpose of hypotheses testing in AMOS 18. Supplemental tests for mediation and interactions were run for cross validation in SPSS 20 through regression analysis. The results strongly supported the proposed model and hypotheses thus establishing evidence from comparatively very large national level sample. There were also some exploratory findings which have been discussed in details. Guidelines for future research are also provided.
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    Factors contributing to the effectiveness for simultaneous multiple projects in service sector of Pakistan
    (Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2018) Arsilan Maseel; SP16-RPM-001; Dr. Faisal Tehseen Shah; LHR TP 5215
    In many organizations, a project manager is assigned more than one project at the same time. This research is based on multi project managers and this type of management in which a project manager has to deal several projects simultaneously is known as ―Management of a Group of Multiple Projects‖ or MGMP. The study has identified the key drivers of effectiveness in MGMP in service sector of Pakistan. The moderation effect of top management support for the key drivers with performance and learning has also been studied. Using a questionnaire, data has been obtained from 179 project managers working in the service sector of Pakistan. It has been found that project manager assignment and project manager competency are the significant predictors of the effectiveness of MGMP. None of the factors under consideration has found to be significant predictor of project manager learning. This study confirms the role of top management support as a moderator for the relationship between these factors and MGMP effectiveness. The top management support moderates positively the relationship between PM assignment, PM competency and project performance. The relation between resource allocation, PM competency and PM learning is also moderated positively by the top management support. The research is helpful for managers to understand how the performance in MGMP can be enhanced and what are the factors the top management has to consider enhance performance of projects.
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    Higher Education Institution’s Faculty: Profile and Insights
    (Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2019) Mehwish Gull; FA17-RBA-011; Aniqa Rehman; LHR TP 5436
    First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to almighty ALLAH for giving me the ability to work hard and enabling me to complete this project. Successful completion of any type of project requires help from a number of persons. I have also taken help from different people for the preparation of this report. I convey my sincere gratitude to my academic supervisor Ms. Aniqa Rehman without her instructions and valuable guidance this study would have been a little success. In every phase of the project her supervision and guidance shaped this report to be completed perfectly. I would like to express my gratitude & respect to all honorable faculty members who gave their valuable time to fill the questionnaires and shared their honest and true responses. Their true and honest responses were highly valuable to reach the true findings of the research study.
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    The Relationship Between Corporate Governance and Firm Value: Role of Discretionary Earnings Management
    (Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2018) Sajid Nazir; FA10-PMS-001; Dr. Talat Afza; LHR TP 5287
    Corporate governance practices help in enhancing firm value by effectively monitoring the managerial decisions as well as reducing the level of information asymmetry and agency problem between empowered managers and dispersed minority shareholders. The present study investigates the relationship between corporate governance and firm value for the developing economy of Pakistan. The study has also taken into consideration the moderating role of discretionary earnings management in corporate governance-firm value relationship, which is considered to be a relatively ignored research issue in corporate finance literature. In addition to focusing on individual mechanisms of corporate governance (i.e. audit, board, compensation, ownership), the present study has also constructed a composite corporate governance index to investigate the role of effective corporate governance in mitigating earnings management and enhancing firm value. The data of 208 firms listed at Karachi Stock Exchange for a time period of 2004 2011 has been used for analysis and accounting, market and economic measures of performance have been used as firm value. The study finds that corporate governance plays a vital role in enhancing firm value in long as well as short run. Constitution of internal audit committees as an effective internal audit system is essential for the enriched progress of a firm. The monetary incentives and compensation paid to the top executives motivates them to work in the best interests of the company which increases not only short term accounting value of firm but also long term market and economic value. The findings reveal that discretionary earnings management practices by corporate managers damage the firm value in long term and it could be mitigated by effective corporate governance mechanisms. Moreover, this value damaging role of discretionary earnings management negatively moderates between effective corporate governance and firm value. Firms with earnings manipulation weakens the impact of effectiveness of governance system and leads to lower firm value. Finally, the study suggests some practical implications based upon the findings for investors, policy makers and manager.