Department of Management Science
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Item mpact of Government Debt and Macroeconomic Indicators on Economic Growth in Pakistan(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Muhammad Imran Shafi; SP23-RBA-001; Dr. Samya Tahir; LHR TP 9438This study is conducted to investigate the relationship of government debt alongside other macroeconomic variables with Pakistan's economic growth from 1983 to 2022. Regardless of the progress Pakistan has made between 2001 to 2018, economy is still facing challenges of soaring inflation, current account imbalances, inefficient government spending, and requiring IMF support. We have analyzed how economic growth is affected by debt level, government expenditure, inflation, and current account deficits (or surplus). For this objective, we have used secondary time series data from the World Bank and IMF sources for 40 years, and analyzed using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, we discovered positive and significant relation among government debt and economic growth, for each 1% increase in debt level, there is 2.43% growth in GDP. However, there is a significant negative relationship of the current account balance and economic growth. While, there is no significant relationship found among government expenditure and inflation. The effective use of debt is important for economic development. However, debt needs to be in controllable levels. The current account deficits need to be addressed by reduction in imports and enhancing exports. Study has limitations due to adoption of on annual data and ignores short term relations. For future researches, other macroeconomic variables may be studied. Study has insights for policymakersItem Impact of Voluntary Disclosure Practices on Company’s Performance in Pakistan’s Petroleum Sector(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Maheen Nasir; CIIT/SP23-RBA-010/LHR; Dr. Samya Tahir; LHR TP 9452The study explores the influence of voluntary disclosures on the performance of Pakistan's petroleum sector, which faces fluctuating regulations, market volatility, and risks associated with corruption. Voluntary disclosures can enhance transparency, helping investors and stakeholders understand how companies manage these risks, thus potentially improving corporate integrity and mitigating fraudulent activities. The research aims to create a Voluntary Disclosure Index (VDI) tailored to the petroleum sector in Pakistan, analyse the extent of voluntary disclosure practices, and assess their impact on financial performance. Additionally, it highlights the importance of voluntary disclosure in building corporate reputation and brand equity through enhanced transparency, accountability, and stakeholder engagement. The literature indicates that voluntary disclosures significantly impact market valuation, investor confidence, and overall firm performance. Studies from various countries, including China, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Iraq, and Bangladesh, have shown that higher levels of voluntary disclosure correlate with better financial outcomes and stronger corporate governance. These findings suggest that strong ownership structures and legal frameworks are crucial for encouraging voluntary disclosure practices. The study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative analyses of secondary data from annual reports of Pakistani petroleum companies for the fiscal years 2022-2023. A Voluntary Disclosure Index (VDI) was developed to evaluate the disclosure level of companies based on corporate governance, environmental policies, corporate social responsibility, risk management, and future prospects. Companies were then categorized into Excellent, Good, or Negligent Disclosure based on their VDI scores.