Department of Physics
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Item Investigation of Cobalt doped Bismuth Ferrite for Photocatalytic Activity(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) Hina Hashim; CIIT/SP22-RPH-032/LHR; Dr. Muhammad Idrees; LHR TP 8790Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) is a multiferroic material with a distorted perovskite structure. The advances of single-phase multiferroic BFO opens up exciting possibilities for the development of advanced photochemical catalysts through harnessing its distinctive spin-polarized electronic, magnetic, and dielectric characteristics. BFO exhibits promising photo-catalytic characteristics and has the potential to be employed in photo-catalytic water splitting and pollutant degradation. In this research project the first-principles calculations are performed to investigate structural, electronic and optical properties of pure and Co-doped bismuth ferrite (BFO) in the Cambridge Serial Total Energy Package (CASTEP) code using GGA-PBE functional and ultra-soft pseudopotential (USP). A large band gap has been observed in the pure BFO rhombohedral structure. The Co impurity atom is more favorable to decrease the band gap. The band gap 2.73eV (spin up), 0.09eV (spin down) and 0.376eV (spin up), 0.013eV (spin down) has been observed for pure and Co-doped BFO rhombohedral structures respectively. Electronic band structure analysis revealed that the BFO exhibit semiconducting behavior with indirect ban gap. The density of states (DOS) indicates considerable hybridization between O-2p and Fe-3d states in valence band (VB) and conduction band (CB). The high absorption and lower reflectivity suggest that Co-doped BFO could be a potential candidate photo-catalyst.Item Synthesis of CeO2/NiFe2O4 Nanocomposites and their Photocatalytic Activity of Methyl Orange Dye under UV-Visible Irradiations(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2022) ALI BASHEER; CIIT/ FA20-RPH-048/LHR; Dr. Muhammad Hammad Aziz; LHR TP 8003Using the hydrothermal technique CeO2/NiFe2O4 for exceptional photocatalytic activity, nanoparticles are fabricated. Methyl Orange dye according to its toxicity, color, and environmental hazards was used as aqueous pollutant source for photocatalytic experiment results. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The photocatalytic activity of synthesized nanoparticles was studied by conducting the degradation of methyl orange under the visible light. PL spectra were verified for the recombination and separation time for the synthesized nanoparticles in different light regions. 88.57% of Methyl Orange was degraded in 120 min. The result attests to low cost, reusable and high efficiency photo catalyst for environmental remediation. The synthesize sample is easily separable using any external magnetic source. In addition, sample results show the shifting of absorption spectrum towards the visible region of light. FTIR and XRD results show the functional and cubic spinel shape photo catalysis formation. SEM images show the morphology of the sample. Reusability and stability experiment exhibit the miner reduction in catalyst efficiency percentage after five cycles. According to extraordinary applications the synthesize sample are used on large scale for Industrial Waste Water treatment process in future.Item Synthesis and Characterization for Optical and Photocatalytic Activity of Silver doped Lanthanum-Zinc Ferrites in Water Purification under Visible Light(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2021) MUBEEN AKRAM; CIIT/ FA19-RPH-032/LHR; Dr. Muhammad Hammad Aziz; LHR TP 7278Using the hydrothermal technique lanthanum-Zinc ferrites (ZnLaxFe2-xO4) and silver (1% and 3%) doped Lanthanum-Zinc ferrites (Ag ZnLaxFe2-xO4) at X = 0.2 (for exceptional photocatalytic activity at this concentration [93]), nanoparticles are fabricated. Rh B dye according to its toxicity, color, and environmental hazards was used as aqueous pollutant source for photocatalytic experiment results. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDAX), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Photoluminescence (PL).The photocatalytic activity of synthesized nanoparticles was studied by conducting the degradation of Rhodamine B (Rh B) under the visible light. PL spectra were verified the recombination and separation time for the synthesized nanoparticles in different light regions. 88.57% of Rh B was degraded in 120 min using silver (3%) doped Lanthanum-Zinc Ferrite. 82.14 % was degraded in 120 min using silver(1%) doped lanthanum-Zinc-ferrites and 71.42% for lanthanum-Zinc ferrite under visible light using 10 mg of the catalyst in 10ppm Rh B solution. The result attests to low cost, reusable and high efficiency photocatalyst for environmental remediation. The synthesize sample is easily separable using any external magnetic source. UV-DRS results and PL spectra revealed exactly the same band gap energy for LZF, ALZF1, and ALZF2 as 2.06, 1.783, and 1.770 eV respectively. Also sample UV results show the shifting of absorption spectrum towards the visible region of light. FTIR and XRD result show the functional and cubic spinel shape photocatalysis formation. SEM images show the morphology of the sample. Reusability and stability experiment exhibit the miner reduction in catalyst efficiency percentage after five cycles. According to extraordinary applications the synthesize sample are use on large scale for IWW treatment process in future