Department of Physics
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Item Preparation and Characterization of Conjugated Co- ZnO/GO Nanocomposite for Photocatalytic Applications(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Aiman Sadiq; CUI/SP23-RPH-016/LHR; Dr. Faiza Mustafa; LHR TP 9636Zinc oxide (ZnO), an n-type semiconductor, has shown great promise as a robust photochemical catalyst because of its simplicity of manufacture, high chemical stability, low toxicity, and outstanding oxidation capacity. This is especially true for applications requiring electrical components, the eradication of microorganisms, and the breakdown of organic contaminants.However, photocatalysis efficiency is decreased by the quick recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. Enhancing the transmission of photogenerated electrons through the construction of a composite and the addition of a cocatalyst are two practical methods for raising photocatalytic efficiency. By creating surface defects, doping ZnO nanoparticles can increase optical absorbance in the visible light spectrum. Because of its sp2-hybridized carbon atoms, graphene and its derivatives, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), may function as a substrate, an electron-transporting substance, and a photocatalyst.In this project we have synthesized Co-ZnO/GO nanocomposite via facile wet chemical method. The structural properties of the materials were studies via Raman and XRD analysis. The band gap of the synthesized nanocomposites were estimated using tauc equation the band gap varies (3.0eV to 3.4eV) from in the UV region. The photocatalysic degradation efficiency of the Methylene Blue (MB) were recorded 93% to 99% by using UV-visible Spectroscopy.Item Investigation of NiO/Potato Peels Nanocomposite Prepared through Hydrothermal Method(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) AYESHA ANJUM; CIIT/FA21-RPH-025/LHR; Dr. Mukhtar Ahmad; LHR TP 8592One of the most important problems in the world today is the fluoride pollution of the surrounding waters due to activities and anthropogenic activities. Due to their high catalytic activity and large surface area, ferrite nanoparticles have gained interest in wastewater treatment. Synthesis of NiO/Potato Peels Nanocomposites using a hydrothermal process to remove fluoride from drinking water is exported in the present study. Various tests such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are used to identify the structure and morphology of the composite. The XRD results identified a single-phase structure with lattice parameters ranging from 8.38Å to 8.33Å. Agglomerated and heterogeneous-sized nanoparticles are seen in SEM micrographs. FTIR depicts the ranges of NiO within the repetitiveness range of 400–4000 cm-1. These incorporation bands, situated at 665 cm-1 and 543 cm-1, pertain to the extended shaking modes of the tetrahedral ore-oxygen bond and the octahedral ore- oxygen bond, individually.Item Development of GO-MnO2 Nanocomposite based Electrode for Energy Applications(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2021) Mariyam Ashraf; CIIT/SP20-RPH-036/LHR; Dr. Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad; LHR TP 7717Transition metal oxides exhibit unique properties as catalytic activity, piezoelectricity, and superconductivity and are widely used in energy storage and conversion devices. For energy storage and transfer devices like supercapacitors and batteries have been widely researched on the purpose of obtaining desirable performances. In this work, Manganese based oxide materials synthesized by Modified Hummers method, hydrothermal method and sol-gel technique respectively and their functionalities are investigated as electrode function of supercapacitor devices. The perposed materials are GO, MnO2, GO-MnO2, Li (0.1) doped MnO2 and Li (0.2) doped MnO2. Their investigations consist of various characterizations such as XRD, Raman and FTIR. The XRD pattern of MnO2 (JCPDS: 44-0141) having tetragonal structure. The average crystallite size of MnO2 is 24.34 nm. In XRD pattern of Li (0.1) doped MnO2, the cubic structure of the Mn-O confirmed with JCPDS card: 96-201-9466, average crystallite size (D) is 28.93 nm and the cubic structure of the Li-O confirmed with JCPDS card: 96-151-4099, average crystallite size (D) is 31.09 nm. The orthorhombic structure of the LiMn-O confirmed with JCPDS card: 01-081-1706 and average crystallite size (D) is 22.16 nm. FTIR technique is employed to study the chemical composition and its bonding. All the samples accommodate numerous functional groups like epoxy, carbonyl, hydroxyl, and carboxyl. Raman spectroscopy is used to detect vibrational, rotational, and other states in a molecular system, capable of probing the chemical composition of materials. Electrochemical performance of prepared electrodes was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanic charge discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The specific capacitance, energy density and power density for GO-MnO2 electrode are 861 Fg-1 at 1Ag-1, 0.0298Whkg-1 1Ag-1, and 0.00948Whkg-1 1Ag-1 from GCD curve. From Nyquist plot the MnO2 shows good electrical conductivity as compared to GO-MnO2 and when replace Li with GO the conductivity increased by increasing the ratio of doping material. It is concluded that the electrode material shows good specific capacitance with small value of energy and power density. A computational approach is also used to analyze the thermometric properties such as Seebeck coefficient (S (T)), electrical conductivity (σ (T)), thermal conductivity (k(T)), power factor (P (T)), and figure of merits (Z (T)) by software Quantum espresso using Plane-wave approximation which shows that MnO2 having excellent thermoelectric properties.Item Preparation of GO-ZnO Nanocomposite and its Antibacterial Activity(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2019) HINA IRUM AMIN; CIIT/FA17-RPH-057/LHR; Dr. Muhammad Hammad Aziz; LHR TP 5780The progression of nanomaterials demonstrated prevailing apparatuses for nanotechnological sales in various kinds of application like electronics, drug deliver carriers, biosensors and nanomedicine. By and large, nanoparticles appear to be a double-edged sword as they have both valuable and unsafe impacts, depending upon the circumstance of applications. Graphene and its family derivatives like graphene oxide (GO) is the allotrope of carbon and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) also allotrope form of carbon attract in the entire world because of its outstanding physiochemical properties, for example, huge surface area to volume proportion, magnificent charge transportation, great quality and low electrical noise. Graphene based nanomaterial and its composites for example GO-ZnO in a biological point of view require an detailed origination with outstanding antibacterial properties with decline toxicity quality and morphological evaluations of these materials is as yet appealing test for future interest. Here, in this experimental work, we have synthesized and characterized GO-ZnO by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Uv-Vis spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscopy FESEM, for morphological and essential study. Toxicity of GO-ZnO nanocomposite was surveyed by means of methyl-thiazole-tetrazolium (MTT) measure, and morphological changes realize GO-ZnO in Escherichia coli (E.coli) investigated by confocal checking electron microscopy with magnification of ×40. The toxicity of GO-ZnO nanoparticle was assessed by estimating the degree of misfortune in cell viability (%) in dose dependent which caused the cell destruction in apoptotic/necrotic way. The reason of bacterial death due oxidative pressure trigger by reactive oxygen species (ROS) expressed potential role of GO-ZnO for enhancement of antimicrobial activity of E coli as an effective antibacterial specialist