Department of Physics
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Item Synthesis of Zinc Ferrites and Carbon Dots Composite by Coprecipitation Method and Insight into the Physical Properties(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2021) M. Qamar Jahan; CIIT/FA19-RPH-022/LHR; Dr. Mukhtar Ahmad; LHR TP 7674Magnetic core-shell (zinc ferrites/c-dots composite are properly synthesized under this research using a simple co- precipitation and hydrothermal process. Various approaches are used to investigate zinc ferrites and carbon dots composites like X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). XRD diffraction demonstrated an inverse spinel structure of zinc ferrites; the lattice parameter was decreased from 8.19Å to 8.10Å and carbon dots having rods like structure. This provided excellent chemical stability for about 40 hours. From SEM analysis, the composite seem to be uniformly dispersed or coated using low contrast consecutive c- dots layers to produce a core-shell structure. Zinc ferrites are agglomerated in non- uniform in size, whereas carbon dots and its composites are in uniform shape according to SEM image. The EDX study indicated that the substitution was successful. For zinc ferrites, carbon dots and composite the FTIR spectra showed that the absorption band of the tetrahedral site is now around 654 cm -1 , 795cm -1 , 658cm -1 respectively. Different bonds in the infrared spectrum match to specific function groups and bonding in various chemicals. The magnetic characterizations were investigated using a vibration sample magnetometer (VSM) at room temperature (0 , and the results indicate that sample Zinc Ferrites/Carbon dots displays ferrimagnetic behavior.Item Synthesis of Aluminum Substituted Nickel Ferrites via Hydrothermal Method and Investigation of Structural, Electrical and Magnetic Characteristics(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2021) Shahid Hassan; CIIT/FA19-RPH-020/LHR; Dr. Mukhtar Ahmad; LHR TP 7247Hydrothermal method was used for the preparation of Aluminum substituted Nickel ferrites (NiAlxFe2-xO4, x= 0.0, 0.1, 0.2) to study the effect of substitution of Al on structural, magnetic and electrical properties of Nickel ferrite. X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron microscopy, Energy Dispersive spectrum, Fourier Transmission Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Two Probe technique was used to characterize the samples. A single phase spinal structure was confirmed by XRD diffraction and lattice parameter was reduced from 8.40 Å to 8.25 Å.SEM micrographs showed nanoparticles are agglomerated and are non-uniform in size.EDX analysis confirmed that substitution has been successfully achieved. The FTIR spectrum revealed the absorption band of octahedral site is around 650 cm-1 for pure Nickel ferrite and this band shifted toward higher frequency with increasing the Al content because substitution of Al reduces the bond length. The M-H loop justified that substitution of nonmagnetic Al+3 (0μB) decreased the Saturation magnetization (Ms) and increased the Coercivity (Hc). The substitution of Al increased the resistivity of the Nickel ferrite which will make the material suitable for high frequency applications and where low eddy current losses are desirable.Item Lithium Ferrite (Li0.5Fe2.5O4): Synthesis, Structural, Morphological and Magnetic Evaluation for Storage Devices(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2021) MUHAMMAD SHAHID; CIIT/ FA19-RPH-065/LHR; Dr. Mukhtar Ahmad; LHR TP 7268Lithium ferrites were synthesized by the use of sol-gel technique. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) was used to confirm the crystal structure of spinal ferrites. The evaluation of grain size and analysis of external surface morphology of synthesized lithium ferrites was done by scanning electron microscope (SEM). EDX was made to know about the elemental composition of the material used. To analyze the Infrared absorption spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR) has been used. Magnetic characteristics such as saturation magnetization (Ms), remenance (Mr) and coercive force (Hc) are calculated with a vibration sample magnetometer (VSM). CV measurements were made, to know about the electrochemical performance of the material. Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) measurements were performed for the fabricated sample to scrutinize the electrochemical kinetics. CV results show that with the increase in scan rate specific capacitance decrease and area of the loop increases which is promising for the formation of supper capacitors and lithium ion batteries (LIB).Item Nanostructured Magnesium Oxide (MgO) Orange Peels Composite: Synthesis and Insight into the Physical Properties(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2021) Kiran Amin; CIIT/FA19-RPH-023/LHR; Dr. Mukhtar Ahmad; LHR TP 7275Fluoride is a non-metal that is frequently found in groundwater and poses a severe health risk to people across the world. To maintain appropriate fluoride concentrations, it is critical to remove excess fluoride from drinking water. To solve this problem, hydrothermal techniques were used to synthesis porous MgO nanostructured.Microscopic and diffractometric examination revealed that the as synthesized MgO nanostructures are porous, highly crystalline, and pure.Fruit waste is a viable alternative to standard chemical techniques for the production of metal oxide nanoparticles. MgO nanoparticles may be produced using a number of different chemical methods. The current study focuses on the hydrothermal production of magnesium oxide nanoparticles from orange trash. Because orange fruits contain Citric acid as a primary source in their peel, it functions as a reducing agent for MgO production. This approach is safe for the environment and non-toxic. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to identify the biologically produced MgO nanoparticles. For functional group analysis, FTIR is employed, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used for morphological investigations. Antimicrobial and antibacterial activities of MgO nanoparticles are also extremely good.