Final Year Projects (FYPs) - Undergraduates
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/handle/123456789/43
This collection archives the complete set of theses produced by students of the COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus.
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Item Efficient tracking of subatomic particles in the presence of multiple scattering in muon ionization cooling experiment(comsats university islamabad lahore campus, 2022) Tehreem Tariq; FA19-REE-005; Dr. Imran Ghous; LHR TP 7888Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) is an experiment of high-energy physics. It is used to cool muon beams using ionization cooling. The target of MICE is to obtain a muon beam with reduced phase space. Particle detection inside the cooling chamber is important to gain insight into the process. It is a challenging task because millions of particles pass through the particle detectors, and it becomes further complicated due to the presence of multiple scattering. When particles pass through the detectors, multiple scattering occurs. Multiple scattering distorts the trajectories of particles. As a result, the position and momentum of particles change, and the non-linearity of the system increases. Track fitting algorithms are used for particle tracking in MICE. In the past, Kalman Filters (KFs) and Particle Filters (PFs) and their adaptations have been used for non-linear tracking in MICE experiments in the absence of multiple scattering. PF has been widely used in non-linear systems, but it was not used for non-linear non-Gaussian multiple scattering in MICE. Ignoring the multiple scattering or taking it as a Gaussian approximation, PF outperformed Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) and Unscented Particle Filter (UPF) when compared in terms of accuracy but was more computationally complex than UKF. UPF was more computationally complex than PF but solved the problem of particle degeneracy and shifted the particles to the regions of high likelihood. In this thesis, non-linear non-Gaussian multiple scattering is studied by using the filters, which perform well for non-linear non-Gaussian systems because multiple scattering is non-Gaussian in nature, whereas most of the filtering techniques are designed for Gaussian approximations. The effect of multiple scattering, in its true form, on performance the of MICE has not been studied before. This will be the contribution of this research. In this research, UKF, PF, and UPF are used to study the behavior of the system in the presence of non-Gaussian multiple scattering and to compare their effectiveness in terms of accuracy and computational complexity.Item Performance Analysis Of Ant Colony Optimization(Publisher COMSATS University Islambad Lahore Campus, 2020) Syed Wajahat Raza Bukhari,; SP19-REE-006; Dr. Yaqoob Javed, Assistant Profesor [Supervisor]; LHR TP 7472From the past two decades the swift advancement in the field of power electronics, especially in photovoltaic (PV) power generation has led to the ever-increasing demand of highly efficient and robust power supplies. Thus Research & Development in this field has led to the use Switching Mode Power Supplies (SMPs). Thus, they provide minimal power losses which reduces the heat stresses on the system and enhances the power produced. Now the performance of power converter mainly depends on the control algorithm and the type of converter used. Each converter behaves differently under different shading conditions through the day. During the partial shading condition, we require such converter equipped with a fast-converging control algorithm that it senses the partial shading condition and tracks the maximum power point. Therefore, this research thesis represents an advance MPPT technique of Ant Colony Algorithm to optimize the maximum power tracked in minimum time. For this purpose, an ACO algorithm with optimal colony size was developed and tested on two advanced DC-DC converters for performance analysis which are Boost and SEPIC. Both converters were tested on three different conditions of solar irradiation to simulate a day response of converter. As each PV module daily receives different solar irradiation due to weather and shading conditions. Therefore, each converter with ACO was tested for Uniform Shading Condition, Partial Shading Condition and Extreme Partial Shading Conditions. Additionally, this thesis also represents a comparative performance analysis of Particle Swarm Optimization Technique and Perturb and Observe Technique on the same converters under same shading conditions. In the end a comprehensive conclusion based upon the results of simulation is made.Item An Efficient Solar Energy Harvesting Technique(Publisher COMSATS University Islambad Lahore Campus, 2020) Muhammad Annas Hafeez,; SP17-REE-006; Dr, Muhammad Yaqoob Javeed,From last few decades, Renewable energy sources are providing core role to fulfil energy demands. The need of producing energy in electrical form from everlasting energy sources arise due to fossils fuel’s reduction (coal, petroleum, natural gas etc.). Approximately 17% demand of the world’s energy is fulfilled through these everlasting sources. Energy through solar is considered the main source of energy among others renewable energy sources because of its pollution and noise free nature. Energy through solar is widely used to produce electricity by using photovoltaic cells. The inconsistent irradiance, temperature, and unexpected behaviour of weather effects the output of photovoltaic systems, classified as partial or complex partial shading conditions. Under these circumstances, obtaining the maximum output power from the PV system becomes strenuous. This thesis proposes a population-based optimization model, Harris Hawk’s Optimization (HHO) based on the natural inspiration to harvest maximum power under partial or complex partial shading conditions. It is an intelligent strategy, inspired by the surprise pounce chasing style of Harris Hawk. The proposed technique outperforms under different weather conditions, have less computational time, fast convergence speed, and zero oscillations after reaching a power point’s maximum limit. Performance comparison of HHO is made with conventional techniques such as, perturbs and observe (PandO), Incremental conductance (Inc), Bio-inspired particle swarm optimization (PSO), Adaptive cuckoo search optimization (ACS), Hybrid and Dragonfly (DA) algorithm. HHO achieves 99.4% efficiency on average and performs very well among rest of the competing techniques. Under HHO the oscillation is compact to < 1W & the re-tracking is tremendously effective. The results indicate in Table 4.3 shows the HHO algorithm outperforms other algorithms, with reference to fast tracking, convergence time, settling time, efficiency as well as stability under different weather conditions and can attain maximum power point with negligible oscillations, under partial and complex shading.Item Health Assessment Of Human Knee Using Acoustic(Publisher COMSATS University Islambad Lahore Campus, 2023) Zeeshan Arif; SP19-REE-011; Dr, Khurram Ali, Assistant Profesor [Supervisor]Based on the analysis of 116 healthy and 116 osteoarthritic knees, this thesis details the discovery of knee Acoustic Emission (AE) as a helpful tool for the health assessment of the human knee. Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a widely spread disease all over the world which arises because of damage to the joint cartilage and subchondral bone. The main factors, which increase KOA, are unhealthy lifestyle, injuries, and aging. Currently, diagnosis mainly depends on symptoms reported by patients and medical tests like X-rays and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Symptoms start to appear over a years. Current diagnosis methods have some limitations and approachability issues because of the heavy machinery required to perform these tests and the cost of the test is also the main factor that this disease is not identified on time. One of the major limitations is that these tests are carried out when the body is in a static position and doctors get no visualization of the knee performance in normal functional movement. In this research, we are purposing a cost-effective method to get the status of knee health in its normal functional movement by studying the AE produced during the movement of the knee. We tried to identify the presence of OA in the knee and also tried to figure out how we can suggest the severity of the disease by using AEs. Hardware was developed with the collaboration of LUMS hardware was capable to listen to the acoustic sounds from the knee. The hardware setup includes the piezoelectric sensor, piezo film lab amplifier, and NI-DAQ USB6009. The signal is acquired from the knee joint by attaching the piezoelectric sensor with the help of double-sided tape.Item Environment And Feeding Control Of Poultry Farm By:(comsats university islamabad lahore campus, 2020) Abdul Basit , Muhammad Umar,; FA15-EEE-024 , FA15-EEE-022; Dr. Yaqoob Javed, Assistant Profesor; LHR TP 5866By automation we reduced a manual work. In controlled-environment house inside conditions had kept as near as possible to the bird's best requirements. In controlling systems, the user can adjust entirely to bird’s optimum requirements with the use of sensors and controller. We make it automatic so that no need to worry about the feed, water, light, humidity, temperature. Due to automation, time waste has been reduced. The feed to gain ratio is improved with exact nutrient feeding program that provided best outputs with less human efforts and also human errors. Our system provides distant excess to growers. Hence growers are able to monitor these unit using his mobile. The project promotes a flexible, inexpensive and business version which is able to perform best for tiny to medium size operations.