Final Year Projects (FYPs) - Undergraduates
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/handle/123456789/43
This collection archives the complete set of theses produced by students of the COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus.
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Item Active Fault Tolerant Control Scheme For Dissimil(COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2018) Ghazala Mushtaq, FA16-REE-016 Contributor(s): Dr. Mirza Tariq Hamayun, Assistant Profesor [Supervisor]; LHR TP 7474The increasing demand of Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) schemes in research is due to reliability and safety needed in industrial systems, especially in life critical systems such as spacecraft, passenger aircrafts, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), nuclear and chemical plants. FTC is expected to deal with fault or failure while maintaining the stability and desired performance. It is classified as Passive Fault Tolerant Control (PFTC) and Active Fault Tolerant Control (AFTC). Dissimilar Redundant Actuating Systems (DRAS) are mostly used in modern aircrafts to improve the reliability by evading the Common Mode/Common Cause (CM/CC) failure issue of similar redundant actuating systems. DRAS consists of two actuators i.e. Hydraulic Actuator (HA) and Electro Hydraulic Actuators (EHA). The DRAS are operated in two different modes namely active/active (A/A) mode and Active/Passive (A/P) mode. In A/P mode, the HA actively involve controlling the concerned control surface while the EHA and control surface act as a load to HA while in A/A mode, both actuators are engaged in controlling the control surface at the same time resulting in a force fighting exist between them that can even damage the control surface if the actuators are not synchronized. A lot of research has been carried out on DRAS in different operating modes and a significant contribution has been made to improve its stability. This thesis is about an AFTC scheme for modern aircrafts equipped with DRAS in A/A mode to affirm the reliable actuation and efficient control. The dynamics of both actuators of DRAS are considered that gives the desired control surface deflection. The force fighting issue of actuators being in A/A mode, is also addressed in this research. The effect of fault or failure of HA on system performance is analyzed and an Integral Sliding Mode Controller (ISMC) is designed which together with Control Allocation scheme (CA) improves the system performance at different fault severity level.Item To Design Hybrid AC-DC Droop Controller For Load(Publisher COMSATS University Islambad Lahore Campus, 2019) Ahsan Nadeem,; FA15-REE-001; Dr. Mirza Tariq Hamayun, Assistant Profesor [Supervisor]; LHR TP 6849In the 21st century there are several issues with the current electrical power system, such as production of green house gasses and losses (transmission line and conversion losses) that reduced the efficiency of power system. Currently, DC load demand of applications, such as telecom exchange networking system and electric vehicles (EVs) are increasing. In conventional power system, these loads are connected to main grid through converters. Moreover, diesel generators based backup solutions for telecom exchanges have several disadvantages, such as non-reliable starting of generator in cold weather conditions, maintenance of the generator, and exhaustive fumes. Furthermore, in recent times the use of EVs is increasing rapidly and now work place required to have own EV fast charging docking stations; therefore, in our simulation we consider the DC load of employees EVs along with the DC load of telecom exchange. A hybrid AC-DC micro-grid based on distributed generations is proposed as a suitable solution to reduce the multiple reverse conversions within the telecom exchange. For hybrid AC-DC micro-grid, we develop a droop controlled scheme that manage the power flow between AC and DC electrical networks by enforcing the normalized value of frequency equal to the normalized value of voltage of DC micro-grid. The controller provides, need based power sharing between AC and DC grids and enhance operational reliability of the network. The hybrid AC-DC micro-grid presented in this report is an effective solution to eliminate the excessive voltage conversion problem of telecom exchanges along with an efficient fast charging system for the EVs.Item Smart Energy Harvesting (SEH) Using Physical Exerc…(Publisher COMSATS University Islambad Lahore Campus, 2017) By: M.Usama Zafar , Zeeshan Khalid; , DDP-SP13-BEE-032 , DDP-SP13-BEE-047; Mr. Hasnain Kashif, Assistant Profesor [Supervisor]The Smart Energy Harvesting using physical exercising machines which are feasible enough to harvest power seems to generate a new source of renewable energy. Biomechanical energy harvesting constitutes a clean, portable energy alternative to the fossil fuels currently being used. Biomechanical energy harvesting is a novel approach for producing energy for small devices. The energy expended in a typical workout at the gym is usually wasted in the mechanics of the equipment. This project will harness the mechanical energy of the machine and convert it to electrical energy using a generator based system. The exercise equipment will be attached to a generator. This creates a dc voltage which will be fed into a DC-DC converter and then sent to a battery where it can be stored for future use. This proposed system will help consuming our physical energy in some useful way.Item Recovery Of Hydrogen From 5500 Nm3/Hr Ammonia(Publisher COMSATS University Islambad Lahore Campus, 2014) Muhammad Abdul Qyyum; FA10-BEC-041; Asim Laeeq Khan, Assistant Profesor [Supervisor]; LHR TP 5920Every atomic element ever in the history of the universe began as a H2 atom that had undergone nuclear fusion within a star. In other words, every one of us is a byproduct of H2. It is mainly used in the synthesis of nitric acid, which is used in fertilizers and explosives. There are many processes from which we can produce NH3 including Haber process, Cryogenic process, NH3 from natural gas, Electrolysis, Partial oxidation, Adiabatic reforming, Coal gasification. In this project, we have separate H2 from NH3 purge gas using Poly Sulfone Membrane Technology. In ammonia production, hydrogen and nitrogen are reacted at high pressure to form ammonia. Since the conversion per pass is not 100%, the reactor is operated in loop mode. In the processes, a purge stream from an ammonia synthesis loop, which purge stream contains NH3, is contacted at a super atmospheric pressure with the feed side of a separation membrane which exhibits selective permeation of each of hydrogen and ammonia as compared to the permeation of each of methane and argon. A total pressure differential across the membrane is maintained to provide a driving force for the permeation of H2 and NH3 through the membrane. A H2-rich permeating gas which contains ammonia is obtained on the permeate exit side of the membrane. TItem Modeling And Implementation Of Converter Based(Publisher COMSATS University Islambad Lahore Campus, 2019) M. Hussaan Khan , M. Zahab Rashid,; FA15-BTE-036 , FA15-BTE-052; Nisma Saleem, Assistant Profesor [Supervisor]; LHR TP 5887Reliability and cost-effectiveness are the main reasons behind the extensive use of induction machines in industry. However, major drawback of Induction machine is that they draw reactive power. Several techniques were adopted in past in order to improve the performance of Induction machine. In recent years, Rectifiers and Inverters were introduced and gained a lot of attention and helped in improving the Dynamic performance and Power Factor of an Induction machines. In this project, a Converter-based circuit is designed and attached with an Induction machine in order to explore the Dynamic performance and to improve the Power Factor of machine. A model is designed in SIMULINK and its performance is judged. Then an experiment is conducted by implementing the same model on induction machine. Different parameters are observed like efficiency, Power Factor and Dynamic performance of Induction machine (which includes starting, loading, load changing, capacitor voltage, rotor current, stator current and speed). However, simulated and experimental results should showcase an agreement. Moreover, the above-implemented technique is compared with previous Power Factor improvement techniques, which were adopted in past in order to improve the performance of Induction machinesItem Night Time Vision Based Traffic Management System(Publisher COMSATS University Islambad Lahore Campus, 2019) Waseem Ahmad , Bilal Yousaf , Muhammad Zeeshan Irf,; FA15-BTE-030 , FA15-BTE-041 , FA15-BTE-034; Mr. M Hassan Aslam, Assistant Profesor [Supervisor]; LHR TP 5884As there is sudden increase of traffic on road due to the utilization of personal cars. This sudden increase in traffic results in traffic congestion because traffic signal is working without any vehicle density calculations. The proposed system work on image processing techniques to solve this problem. It performs the calculation of vehicles during night time to overcome the traffic congestion. System performs the identification of vehicles and in this way control the traffic density. Objects are identified and counted using some image pre-processing and blob detection techniques. This suggests the requirement of an intelligent video closed-circuit television providing continuous 24–hour observation, replacing the standard ineffective systems. The proposed work can lead to an efficient signalling system and provides a basis of real time implementation of pc vision technology in real time. Moreover, the proposed work introduces new schemes to increase the efficiency of the traffic signalling system. This paper presents an automatic vision primarily based traffic management system that is capable to observe and track vehicles from a video. Simulation results have shown that the article Classification module manages to attain associate accuracy of 91.14% for vehicle detection. Moreover, the system manages to successfully track the objects 91% of the time below no occlusion and 91.14% in presence of occlusion.Item Modeling And Implementation Of Converter Based(COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2019) M. Hussaan Khan , M. Zahab Rashid; , FA15-BTE-036 , FA15-BTE-052; Nisma Saleem, Assistant Profesor; LHR TP 5887Reliability and cost-effectiveness are the main reasons behind the extensive use of induction machines in industry. However, major drawback of Induction machine is that they draw reactive power. Several techniques were adopted in past in order to improve the performance of Induction machine. In recent years, Rectifiers and Inverters were introduced and gained a lot of attention and helped in improving the Dynamic performance and Power Factor of an Induction machines. In this project, a Converter-based circuit is designed and attached with an Induction machine in order to explore the Dynamic performance and to improve the Power Factor of machine. A model is designed in SIMULINK and its performance is judged. Then an experiment is conducted by implementing the same model on induction machine. Different parameters are observed like efficiency, Power Factor and Dynamic performance of Induction machine (which includes starting, loading, load changing, capacitor voltage, rotor current, stator current and speed). However, simulated and experimental results should showcase an agreement. Moreover, the above-implemented technique is compared with previous Power Factor improvement techniques, which were adopted in past in order to improve the performance of Induction machines.Item Smart Battery Management System PV Applications(COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2019) Muhammad Talha Naveed , Sheikh Shahram Ali,; FA15-EEE-019 , FA15-EEE-025; Dr. Yaqoob Javed, Assistant Profesor; LHR TP 5863Currently the most commonly used storage technology for photovoltaic application (PV) are batteries. The problem is that PV system are not an ideal source for charging batteries. As the output of the PV is not constant, it vary according to the sun position. So, a battery management system (BMS) is required. The main aim of BMS is to optimize the use of battery and prolong the life of a battery in order to making the overall system more reliable and cost effective. Many monitoring techniques are used to monitor the battery state of charge, temperature, power, voltage and charging/discharging of current. For monitoring purpose, digital and analog sensors with microcontrollers are used. The battery information and the obtained results explaining the main characteristics of the system are presented by the LCD screen. The control strategy employed on electrical properties of Dry cell/Acid regulated batteries by the battery management system (BMS) of a PV application. This project also covers a cost effective Battery Testing System (BTS) which will provide constant charging and discharging of current, voltage and power simultaneously. Moreover, a Dc to Dc boost converter, lab view program and an MPPT algorithm will also be designed for improving the charging and discharging of the battery.