Barium and Strontium doped Ceria Based Ceramic Electrolytes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Abstract

Renewable energy sources are becoming more and more important in today's society. They will be crucial shortly if climate change is to be prevented. This industry has seen a surge in interest in fuel cells due to its high conversion efficiency in comparison to conventional techniques for energy conversion. Fuel flexibility, minimal pollution and hazardous emissions, and affordable components make SOFCs a valuable source of energy conversion technology. There are still certain problems that need to be fixed, like the fact that at low- temperature conductivity and efficiency decreased. Electrolyte metals (SmNO3, BaNO3, Sr(NO3)3, CeNO3) doped SDC materials with enhanced properties, like chemical stability, durability, thermal coefficient compatibility, and conduction mechanism enhancement, are developed in this study using the co- precipitation method. These properties have a direct impact on the material's conductivity and electrochemical performance. Using Raman spectroscopy, a range of investigations, including rotational and vibration modes and structural features, are performed on the synthesized materials. Utilizing UV-visible analysis, the band gap energy (Eg) is determined. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is utilized to analyze ohmic and polarization losses at varying temperatures. The fuel (hydrogen) is used to test the electrochemical performance. The Raman data indicate a diminishing gap between the conduction and valance bands as the size of the material particle rises owing to blue shifting. The band gap values of the materials dropped as the metal changed, according to UV-visible analysis. The Bandgap values is (Ba0.5 Sr0.5 Ce0.8 Sm0.2., Ba0.5 Sr0.5 Ce0.7 Sm0.3 , Ca0.5 Sr0.5 Ce0.8 Sm0.2, Ca0.5 Sr0.5 Ce0.7 Sm0.3 ) have been determined to be (Eg=2.65eV,3.01eV,3.02eV,3.04) respectively. The good electrochemical qualities of the produced samples were confirmed by the fact that the materials' conductivity increases as the sintering temperature rises. Since the transition metal-doped SDC electrolyte materials have improved electrical conductivity for SOFC applications, they have demonstrated good performance.