Fabrication and Characterization of Reduced Graphene Oxide Decorated Doped Metal Oxide for Electrochemical Sensing of Diabetes Biomarkers

Abstract

Glucose (C6H12O6), (H2O2) is one of the main biomolecules of our body. The alteration in the normal concentration gives rise to multiple disorders and diseases. The electrochemical measurements of glucose and hydrogen peroxide with the bare electrode is not possible due to various problem like electrochemical fouling, interference species have same oxidation potential and lower concentration of C6H12O6 and H2O2 in biological samples. The modification of the working electrode is essential for fast, accurate, selective, and sensitive detection of C6H12O6 and H2O2. Doped metal oxide/graphene oxide nanocomposites have attracted great attention due to the synergistic effect. The nanocomposites contain several properties such as catalytic activity, high surface area, electrochemical activity, and oxygen transferability which are attractive for sensor applications. In this work, a new hybrid material Gadolinium oxide/cobalt oxide/rGO (Gd2O3/Co3O4/rGO) nanocomposite was prepared by hydrothermal method. The nanocomposite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, EDX, FTIR, Raman, XRD) for surface morphology, crystallinity, and elemental compositions study, and electrochemical techniques such as Cyclic Voltammetry, Impedance electrochemical and spectroscopy (EIS), Real Sample, Interference Study and Amperometry was used for senor evaluation. The synthesized material was used for the fabrication of biosensors. The Gd2O3/Co3O4/rGO nanocomposite was used for the surface modification of the glassy carbon electrode and tested as an electrochemical sensor for the detection of glucose and hydrogen peroxide. The proposed sensor gave good response for the detection of glucose and hydrogen peroxide. The sensor was also evaluated for the detection of glucose and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of co-existing species such as ascorbic acid, dopamine, folic acid, ethanol, and uric acid and did not show any interference in the results.