Developing Multifunctional Thermoplastic Polyurethane Nanocomposite for High Abrasion Resistance Application

Abstract

The ongoing efforts for nanostructured polymers and nanocomposites in many rapidly growing sectors require further investigation on the processing behavior and resulting mechanical and thermal properties aspects. The research mainly targets on synthesis and properties of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites containing organophilized attapulgite nanoclay (oATT) with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The nanoclay was well dispersed in the TPU matrix through the melt compounding technique which employed the internal shear mixer. Characterization of TPU-oATT was done based on morphological analysis through FESEM, charge identification by zeta potential analysis, mechanical and thermal properties by using UTM and DMA, and functional groups present on its surface using FTIR. The presence of organophilic cationic surfactant and intercalation of oATT in TPU matrix was evidenced as determined by FTIR spectra. FESEM data assesses that oATT was more uniformly distributed within TPU matrix, particularly oATT at weights up to 3.0 wt. %, minimized aggregation. Through systematic zeta potential measurements, the charge shifting current showed the extent of compatibility between the modified attapulgite and TPU. Optimum oATT concentration of 3 wt.% unveiled significant improvements to the tensile strength and Young’s Modulus with virtually not much decline to the nanocomposite’s toughness. Restricted movement of polymer chains with the filler provided good filler matrix interface hence increased Tg and thermal stability indicated by DMA studies. Still, agglomeration and decreased mechanical performance were the consequences of higher concentration that led to the deterioration of the mechanical characteristics of the nanocomposite. So, this work demonstrates how an attapulgite clay modified for CTAB may enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of TPU nanocomposites for potential applications including protective coverings, auto parts, and industrial belts with high abrasion resistance.