Formal Modeling and Comparative Performance Evaluation of Routing Protocols in VANETs

Abstract

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) emerged as new generation ad-hoc networks in which network is implemented between moving vehicles on road that equipped with embedded wireless sensors and all wireless communication capabilities. Due to the high and constrained mobility of vehicles there are lots of new data communication and routing challenges in VANET as we compared to MANET. The routing protocols have to be modified or needs various additions when we move MANET to VANET to make them acceptable for VANETs scenarios. The transmission reactive protocols adhoc OnDemand distance vector and Dynamic Source Routing that supports unicast and multicast routing are designed for VANETs to transmit data and discover routes to destination for a node when they have packets for transmission. For the successful application of VANETS, the important thing to ensure that routing protocol is complete unambiguous and functionally correct. For ensuring correctness of existing routing protocol one approach is to create formal model and analyze that model to determine if protocol provides defined service correctly or not. Formal modeling gives a framework to model, analysis of constrained & distributed systems through CPNs to check reliability and consistency of a system. In this research, initially we study the differences in architecture and attributes by varying the speed of vehicles of AODV and DSR routing protocols. Then we will model these protocols through formal modeling and specification using Coloured Petri Nets Tool and compare different metrics like packets delivery ratio, workload and delay in network discovery to evaluate performances with respect to the throughput.