Early and Rapid Detection of Methyl Nicotinate for Tuberculosis Control, Progression and Monitoring using Cobalt Doped Graphitic-Carbon Nitride

Abstract

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) caused tuberculosis (TB) is the most prevalent infectious agent-related cause of death, accounting for around 1.8 million deaths per year. This emphasises the importance of tuberculosis as a global public health concern. It is estimated that one-third of the world's population has latent Mtb, and 10% of those individuals will eventually develop health problems. Our strategy is to develop an affordable test based on nanomaterials that can detect the early signs of tuberculosis by looking for volatile markers of the disease. Sensors are crucial tools for the early identification of illnesses and for tracking such conditions while they are being treated. To overcome the time taking tuberculosis detection methods the current research developed a cobalt doped graphitic carbon nitride (Co-gCN) fluorescence sensor that has high selectivity and sensitivity towards Methyl nicotinate (MN) a volatile biomarker of TB. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) as a fluorescence sensor has gained significant attention due to its remarkable optical, electrical, and sensing properties. Because of this exceptional catalytic activity, we were able to develop a fluorescence sensing technique quickly and easily for the detection of Methyl nicotinate. The designed sensor demonstrated a linear range of 0.25μM −7μM (R2 = 0.9992) with a limit of detection of 0.0581 μM for the detection of Methyl nicotinate. Since tuberculosis is asymptomatic when it is latent. Tests for enzyme-based detection, such PCR and ELISA, take a long time and have a limited sensitivity of detection. Therefore, novel cobalt doped graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposite synthesized using one-pot thermal condensation method. SEM, XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectrophotometry were used to justify the morphology, surface chemistry, chemical content, and fluorescence behavior of the synthesized nanocomposite. With benefits over existing techniques the developed sensor has a great deal of promise and is a good fit for enzyme mimicking detection of MN for early detection of TB.