The Alkali (Li, Na) Based Solid State Ion Conductors Electrolytes for Solid State Batteries

Abstract

Initially, the energy storage devices based on liquid electrolytes are widely used to provide the continuous channel for energy transportation. Some drawbacks are (environmentally harmful and thermally unstable) that limits their commercial applications. While considering environmental aspects, the researchers move to find the environmental friendly, and thermally stable solid state electrolyte based energy storage devices. In this era, the solid state batteries become a center piece of research as the foremost candidate with great safety concern, high energy densities, cost effective and environmental friendly. In solid state batteries, the alkali based garnet type solid state electrolyte materials are thermally stable, eco-friendly, and have high energy density. In modern world, the consumption of lithium ion batteries surge day by day. There are limited raw resources for lithium, therefore researcher move to stir up to find alternative of lithium. Sodium can be considered as the best alternative of lithium. However, sodium is one of the most abundant element in the earth crust. In this research, alkali based garnet type solid state electrolyte as Li7La3Zr2O12 and Na2La3Zr2O12. The main objective of this work is to examine the ionic behavior, homogeneity, porosity, effect for the slid sate batteries. The x-rays diffraction is used to study the crystal structure of the material. The phase of the synthesized material is examined by high score expert. The prepared material is garnet type material with space group Fd-3m. The scanning electron microscopy is used to analyze the morphology of the synthesized electrolyte materials. The cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance spectroscopy are used to determine the charging and discharging rate, and ionic behavior of the materials. The ionic conductivity of both materials has comparable value for Li7La3Zr2O12 observed at room temperature 2.39×10 -6 Scm -1 . The optical band gap of both synthesized materials is analyzed by ultra violet visible spectroscopy. The Raman spectroscopy technique is used to determine the vibrational energy modes of both synthesized materials.