Study of Antenna Topology for Communication Applications

Abstract

Wireless communication has a key role in the communication technology and its most of the advanced and novel techniques are based on fifth generation (5G) communication system. This fast progress in communication motivated many researchers to investigate and develop advanced technology either in hardware or software field. For 5G technology, a wideband frequency range (6GHz – 100GHz) has been focus of the study. The antenna is a basic element of the wireless communication system. An optimized design of antenna for 5G communication is most challenging field and needs continuous improvement. The main purpose of this research work is to study and design a new 5G communication module with a novel and optimized antenna design. Different parameters of the antenna are examined to approach the optimized design. This work is focused on 28 GHz band (27.5 – 29.5 GHz) to find out the optimized design using CMA (Characteristic Mode Analysis). The characteristic modes analysis is studied to characterize the resonant behavior of characteristic modes of the proposed antenna design in operational frequency range. The features required in an antenna to support a 5G communication system are satisfied in the optimized design with total gain 12 dBi and high bandwidth 2.16 GHz. To enhance the directivity of the designed antenna a 1x2 (two-element) and 1x4 (four-element) antenna arrays are optimized and studied. At the operational frequency, two-element and four-element antenna arrays achieved high bandwidth and high gain.