Efficient Strategies to Enhance the Conductivity in Perovskite Materials for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (IT-SOFC)

Abstract

Renewable energy sources are growing increasingly essential in this day. In order to avert climate change, they will play and expect a more important role in the near future. Fuel cells have gotten a lot of interest in this context because of their high conversion efficiency when compared to traditional energy conversion systems. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are one of the finest energy conversion technologies available, with minimal hazardous emissions, pollution, fuel adaptability, and expense materials properties. However, there are still some issues to be resolved; for example, the activity of SOFCs at low temperatures is reduced due to interfacial polarization blockages and also the oxygen reduction process (ORR). Lanthanum Iron Copper Oxide Cathode materials are created to increase activity and ORR. The cathode materials La1Fe1-xCuxO3–δ where x= 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 are synthesis by sol gel method. Their characteristics are investigated by various characterizations such as Raman Spectroscopy, Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Rays Diffraction (XRD), and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Prominent bands at peak positions 158, 290, 305, 960 cm −1 wavelengths are observed through Raman spectra of La1Fe1-xCuxO3–δ at x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 cathodes, analogous to lanthanum site vibration, typical stretching, symmetric stretching vibrations for Cu-O band, phonon mode, octahedral tilt vibrations, D band and associated with Ag and Bg double energy band. The prominent peaks at 675, 855, 1056, 1458, 1645 and 2830 cm -1 wavelengths observed through FTIR Analysis, these peaks attributed to stretching vibration of La-O bond, Cu-O stretching vibration, bending vibration of C-H in gaseous, asymmetric and symmetric O-C-O stretching vibrations, bending mode of H-O-H bond vibrations. XRD also provide crystal structure of materials. Two cards from La1Fe0.9Cu0.1O3–δ (JCPDS card number 96-100-8543) and (JCPDS card number 96-901-4244) have an orthorhombic structure. Two cards from La1Fe0.7Cu0.3O3–δ (ICSD card No 96-900-2333) and (ICSD card No 96-100-8573) shows an orthorhombic structure. Two cards from La1Fe0.5Cu5.5O3–δ (ICSD card No 96-901-5232) and (ICSD card No 96-200-2184) show an orthorhombic structure. Two cards from La1Fe0.3Cu0.7O3–δO3–δ (ICSD card No 96-100-8930) and xi (ICSD 96-200-1419) describe hexagonal and orthorhombic Structure. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy is use to analyze the electronic and ionic behavior of the material. Material La1Fe0.3Cu0.7O3–δ has good electronic behavior and enhanced the maximum ORR of material.