Lived Experiences of Victims of Narcissistic Abuse: A Phenomenological Exploration of the Psychological Impact

Abstract

This qualitative study employed a phenomenological research design to explore the lived experiences of Pakistani women who endured narcissistic abuse in spousal relationships. Using purposive and extreme case sampling, eight divorced women aged 25–40 from Lahore, Pakistan, were selected based on strict inclusion criteria and screening through a researcher-developed Narcissistic Abuse Screening Tool (NAST). Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) with the aid of NVivo software. Findings revealed recurring themes of psychological and emotional distress, including persistent feelings of pain, helplessness, mistrust, and betrayal. Participants shared experiences of emotional and physical abuse, alongside social isolation and stigma. However, amid this suffering, many women demonstrated resilience, reporting personal growth, empowerment, and emotional healing over time. Their recovery was often facilitated through emotional coping strategies, support systems, and a strong desire to protect their children. The study highlighted how cultural factors, family dynamics, and social expectations shaped the women’s journeys through abuse and recovery. By giving voice to survivors, this study not only provides culturally relevant insights into narcissistic abuse in Pakistani society, but also emphasizes the importance of mental health support, trauma-informed care, and empowerment-focused interventions. These narratives are a testament to the strength of women who, despite enduring psychological trauma, managed to reclaim their identities and rebuild their lives.