Synthesis and Characterization of Magnesium- Based Metal Organic Framework (MOFs) for Energy Storage Application

Abstract

This research presents the sustainable synthesis of magnesium-based metal-organic framework (Mg-MOFs) composites integrated with lignocelluloses (LC) fibers derived from corn husk via a hydrothermal method route using Mg(NO₃)₂·6H₂O and H₃BTC as precursors. Magnesium was utilized because it is abundant, environmentally friendly, less reactive, cost-efficient, and an electrochemically compatible material. The resulting Mg-MOFs/LC composite harnesses the synergistic benefits of both components—magnesium offers lightweight characteristics, moderate electrical conductivity, and structural integrity, while lignocelluloses fibers provide biodegradability, flexibility, and environmental safety. Structural and optical characterizations confirmed successful composite formation. UV-Visible spectroscopy revealed enhanced light absorption with notable π→π* transitions and a red-shifted absorption edge (2.73 eV), showing strong interfacial electronic coupling. Raman spectroscopy found key vibrational modes, including Mg–O bonds and aromatic linker structures, alongside preserved organic functionalities. Electrochemical assessments showed that cyclic voltammetry shown pronounced redox activity with a high area under the curve. Although the specific capacitance of Mg-MOFs is 122 F/g but a reduction in specific capacitance was seen with LC incorporation, galvanostatic charge- discharge measurements proved extended discharge times and strong redox behavior, highlighting effective charge storage and diffusion. The EIS of composite show the less resistance as compared to Mg-MOFs. With its eco-friendly fabrication, mechanical resilience, and promising energy storage performance, the Mg-MOFs/LC composite appears as a practical material for next-generation flexible and biodegradable supercapacitor applications.