Department of Chemistry
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Item Synthesis and Characterization of TiO2/Cellulose@ZIF-8 for the Application of Drug Delivery(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2023-02-27) Farheen Fatima; SP22-R06-021; Dr. Muhammad Shahid Nazir; LHR TP 8660Metal organic frameworks are a class of porous materials having distinctive features such as large surface area, improved porosity, stability, and tunable structure. They exhibit diverse range of applications. MOFs can be surface engineered with different biomolecules or polymers to enhance stability, functionality, and biocompatibility. Recently, many MOFs have been explored for the application of drug delivery. However, MOFs as drug carriers still have some limitations like uncontrollable release of drug, cytotoxicity, and biocompatibility. To resolve the uncontrolled release problem, MOFs are conjugated with other materials for the fabrication of adsorbent materials, exhibiting desired properties and appropriate application. The aim of this work is to open new avenues for drug control release. Zeolitic Imidazole Framework-8 (ZIF-8) has improved structural porosity, flexibility, surface functionality and crystalline nature making it feasible to be utilized in the field of drug delivery. ZIF-8 is modified with cellulose to make it hydrophobic and to obtain aqueous stability. The biodegradability, higher surface area, and flexible binding interaction between the cellulose and ZIF-8 have made it an ideal choice for drug control studies. In order to enhance the properties ZIF-8 and cellulose is modified with TiO2 for biomedical purposes including biocompatibility, controlled release of drug and targeted drug delivery. The FTIR analysis shows a significant peak at 420cm-1 confirming the Zn-N bond along with peaks at 3648cm-1, 1940cm-1, 1345cm-1, and 1200 cm-1 confirming the O-H of the polymer, C=N vibration, C-N vibration of imidazole and C-O vibration of the composite. Peak at 650cm-1 corresponds to the N-Ti-O bond which confirms the incorporation of TiO2 ix particles inside the MOF structure. Moreover, XRD analysis shows characteristic peak positions at 23.03°, 25.77°, 38.14°, 48.55°, 54.28° and 55.57° confirming the presence of ZIF8, Cellulose and TiO2. Comparative drug release studies of ZIF-8 and modified ZIF-8 were performed at acidic, basic, and neutral pH with respect to time. The maximum release of 91% of cyclophosphamide was obtained under acidic conditions. This is because modified MOF makes strong linkages with the molecules of CP drug and therefore entangle with the molecules of drug owing to the addition of cellulose as well as TiO2.Item Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene Oxide and Metal Oxide Modified MOF Composite for Photocatalytic Degradation of Dye Contaminants in Wastewater(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2023-02-27) Zahra Arshad; SP22-R06-026; Dr. Muhammad Shahid Nazir; LHR TP 8664Dyes are synthetic organic compounds that are abundantly used in textile industries and major contributors towards environmental pollution. Their hazardous nature raises great concerns in the economy. A lot of research has been reported for photocatalyst to mitigate the dyes burden on environment. Graphene Oxide (GO) has been reported as excellent photocatalyst. In this study, novel modification of GO has been reported by modifying efficient materials like magnetic nanoparticles, Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2, anatase) onto GO by simple hydrothermal method. Degradation of methylene blue, Congo red and methyl orange dye was reported by adding each GO modified composite. TiO2 doped Magnetic GO-MIL-100(Fe) composite being excellent photocatalyst, degraded Congo Red dye, Methylene Blue dye and Methyl Orange dye. In all these composites, MOFs retain their structure in addition to improving photocatalytic activity.Item Synthesis and Characterization of COF based Nanocomposites as Photocatalyst(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2023-02-27) Talha Rafi; FA21-R06-027; Dr. Muhammad Shahid Nazir; LHR TP 8457Dyes are synthetic organic compounds that are abundantly used in industries. The use of these dyes is major contributors towards environmental pollution. Their hazardous nature raises great concerns in general public. Advancement in nanotechnology can efficiently help in mitigating this problem as nanoparticles can efficiently convert these harmful dyes into less harmful chemical byproducts through a process called Photocatalysis. COF has been reported as photocatalyst with less stability and efficiency. In this paper, new modification of COF-LZU-1 was reported by dopping Cu, Zn, Fe and Ag metals into COF-LZU-1 nanoparticles by simple solvothermal method. Degradation of 40ppm methylene blue and congo red dye was reported by adding 2mg of each metal modified COF-LZU-1. Cu being and excellent photocatalyst with smallest bend gap of 2.1eV, degraded Congo Red dye (95.7%) and Methylene Blue dye (80%). All these metals do not change actual structure of COF-LZU-1 but enhanced photocatalytic activity of COF-LZU-1.Item Synthesis and Characterization of COF based Nanocomposites as Photocatalyst(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2023-02-26) Talha Rafi; FA21-R06-027; Dr. Muhammad Shahid Nazir; LHR TP 8457Dyes are synthetic organic compounds that are abundantly used in industries. The use of these dyes is major contributors towards environmental pollution. Their hazardous nature raises great concerns in general public. Advancement in nanotechnology can efficiently help in mitigating this problem as nanoparticles can efficiently convert these harmful dyes into less harmful chemical byproducts through a process called Photocatalysis. COF has been reported as photocatalyst with less stability and efficiency. In this paper, new modification of COF-LZU-1 was reported by dopping Cu, Zn, Fe and Ag metals into COF-LZU-1 nanoparticles by simple solvothermal method. Degradation of 40ppm methylene blue and congo red dye was reported by adding 2mg of each metal modified COF-LZU-1. Cu being and excellent photocatalyst with smallest bend gap of 2.1eV, degraded Congo Red dye (95.7%) and Methylene Blue dye (80%). All these metals do not change actual structure of COF-LZU-1 but enhanced photocatalytic activity of COF-LZU-1.Item Synthesis and Characterization MOF/COF Hybrid for Photocatalytic Application(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2021-02-26) Maham Miran; SP20-R06-003; Dr. Muhammad Shahid Nazir; LHR TP 7742Photo responsive crystalline porous hybrid materials are the absolute need due to exceptional characteristics such as high chemical stability, crystalline nature, high flexibility and tunable porosity in their structure. UiO66 (NH2) and COF-LZU1 individually show good photocatalytic activity but their hybrid has not been synthesized and reported for photo catalytic application. In this work, a novel nanohybrid is synthesized at room temperature by the condensation of amino-functionalized UiO66 and COF-LZU1. MOF@COF hybrid is characterized by FTIR and XRD and results showed good agreement with already reported data. FTIR peaks at 3330cm-1, 1651cm-1, and 648cm-1 are major peaks in the FTIR graph of UiO66(NH2)@COF-LZU1 corresponding to N-H stretching due to the presence of NH2-BDC, imine bond due to the presence of COF-LZU1 and O-Zr-O metal peaks. XRD characteristic peaks at 7.3°, 8.5°, and 4.2° confirms presence of amino-functionalized UiO66 and COF-LZU1. The hybrid material is explored for the removal of methyl orange. Dye degradation efficiency is carried out at different concentrations (0.01g, 0.03g, 0.06g) of hybrid material at room temperature and pH 2. Degradation rate is high in acidic media as compared to basic conditions. The highest performance is observed at 0.06g of photo-catalyst that is 80%.Item Synthesis of Ag and Cu Nanowires and Deposition of Nanowires Thin Films on to Various Substrates(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2021-02-26) Saba Qamar; SP19-R06-026; Dr. Muhammad Shahid Nazir; LHR TP 7553Silver and copper nanowires have novel applications because of their unique geometry and physical properties including electrical, optical, thermal and mechanical properties. They are one dimensional metallic structure. These wires have capability to flow ions or electrons in specific directions which is a beneficial characteristic in nanotechnology. Besides efficient performance copper nanowires have limitations including aggregation and oxidation because of their natural characteristics. Silver nanowires also have some limitations for example preservation of morphology in synthesis, feasibility of mass production, environmental stability and thermal stability. In this study, silver and copper nanowires were synthesized through polyol method. FTIR results confirm that Ethylene glycol and Polyvinylpyrrolidone removed in silver and copper nanowires. Liquid conductivity test conforms the conductivity of these materials. The conductivity of silver nanowires reported 716μs/cm and copper nanowires was 387μs/cm. UV visible spectroscopy shows maximum intensity of all silver nanowires are 430nm which matches the adsorption standard of silver, XRD results conform the crystalline structure of both inks and peaks trend matches the standards of silver and copper. and SEM conforms the presence of silver and copper nanowires. Silver nanowires has an average diameter 0.15μm and average length 2.3μm. Copper nanowires has an average diameter 0.07μm and average length 1.1μm, Observed the photocatalytic degradation of silver and copper nanowires using Methylene blue and Congo red dye stock solution respectively. Methylene blue shows 60% degradation and Congo red shows 39% degradation in UV-visible region.