Department of English
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Item Dynamics of Power Relationship in Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing and To Room Nineteen(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2018) Samar Muhammad Ali; SP16-REL-009; SP16-REL-009; LHR TP 5175Doris Lessing contributes to the notion of power dynamics through self-representational social divisions and power-structures in her works. The aim of this study is to explore how Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing and To Room Nineteen portray the dynamics of power behind the social constructions of forces like patriarchy and social constraints. The study aims at finding out how structural power and resultant strategic action are related to each other and to outcomes of these from Lessing’s perspective. Identities are individual and collective that answer the question ‘who am/are/I/we?’ Hegemonic discourses of power and identity politics create invisible experiences of the more marginal members of that specific social category and construct a homogenized ‘right way’ to be its member. This is where the female protagonists of Lessing are Outsiders. The androcentric biased concept, ‘power-dependent’ or ‘power-independent’ complicates the positioning and placement of these women against social and personal domains. Because of the values and culture of male domination and of discrimination against women, women have been deprived of their subjective position. Fanatic patriarchal norms are regulated to suppress women’s exercise of power. The intersectional social divisions or the power structures influence an individual’s identity and control them. These power relations are based on control over authority, legitimacy, resistance, and power-dependency.Item The Mediatised Identity of Pakistani Women: A Chronological Multimodal Discourse Analysis(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2018) Maida Sarwar; Sp16- MSENG-003; Dr. Mudassar Mahmood Ahmad; LHR TP 4847The previous seemingly-feeble media which only mirrored the sociological and cultural activities is able to mould and bestow meaning to them in existing times. Thus conceiving a process known as mediatization. This marvel of mediatization leads to the transformation of stereotypical representation of Pakistani women into mediatised identities influencing the females to chase alternative identities. To carry out an investigation of how these identities are shaped through media and in what ways the females are enticed to pursue the alternative roles, is the key objective of this study. 18 Pakistani television advertisements, both time-worn and contemporary juxtaposed, which enact these multi-semiotic representations of women, are analysed and interpreted with regard to multimodal social semiotic approach devised by Kress and Van Leeuwen (2006). Interpretation of verbal semiotic resources aligned with visual ones i.e., representational, interactional and compositional indicate how these meaning-making resources produce and impact the socially-constructed identitiesItem An Investigative Study of ESL Teachers’ and Students’ Attitudes towards Corrective Feedback(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2017) Gulshan Shahzadi; SP16- REL-014; Dr. Aasia Nusrat; LHR TP 4844The study aims to analyze the students’ and teachers’ attitudes towards teachers’ corrective feedback on the language errors of ESL students. The present study also analyzed the students’ attitudes on the basis of their gender and educational background. Teachers’ attitudes with respect to their teaching experienced explored. The population of this study is 200 students (121 males and 79 females) and 12 ESL teachers (2 males and 10 females). The participants are the undergraduate students and the ESL teachers of the COMSATS Institute of Information and Technology Lahore. In the study four instruments are used to achieve the objectives of the study: 1) Teachers’ questionnaire; 2) Students’ questionnaire; 3) Teachers’ interviews and 4) Students’ interview. The analysis of the data shows that teachers and students have positive attitudes towards the corrective feedback of teachers on the students’ language errors. The results reveal that students and teachers considered the feedback necessary for the effective learning. The teachers’ corrective feedback is a very significant technique to improve the students’ second language speaking and writing. A t-test analysis indicates no significant difference between the attitudes of students and teachers towards the corrective feedback on the basis of their gender and educational background. To investigate the impact of teachers’ language teaching experience on their attitude to corrective feedback, t-test analysis is used. The findings reveal no significance difference between the teachers’ attitudes with respect to their language teaching experience.Item Destruction of Landscape: An Ecocritical Study of Hemingway’s Major Novels (A Farewell to Arms, For Whom the Bell Tolls and The Old Man and the Sea)(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2018) Muhammad Tayyab; SP16-REL-010; Dr. Jaleel Akhtar; LHR TP 5316New critical approaches to literature reveal hidden themes which improve our understanding of literary works. Ecocriticism is a combination of ecology and literature. It is an interdisciplinary field in which literary works are analysed in the light of ecological discourses. According to Aristotelian theory, settings play a vital to understand a literary work. Eco critics explore literary works to explain environmental conditions in literature. Earnest Hemingway presents wars and intrusion of machines on panoramic meadows. He depicts macho animal killers in his work. He presents outdoor activities through fishing, bullfighting and hunting. These activities create environmental degradation. His primitiveness creates eco-ambiguity. Warships in his two novels, A Farewell to the Arms and For Whom the Bells Tolls highlight destruction of environment because of human activities. In panoramic meadows, soldiers fight each other which creates destruction for humans as well as for ecosystem. In The Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway depicts marine life. Young fishermen exploit seascape with their modern fishing techniques in the sea. Bullfighting, hunting and fishing are blood sports. These games exploit non-human world. Hunting and fishing might be presented as search for wilderness. Hemingway’s primitivism projects his characters’ contradicting fight against natural environment. This study attempts to understand the interplay of human activities, like war and hunting, and their destructive impact on the landscape through the lens of ecocriticism.Item Meaning Potential in Semiotic Remediations: Understanding Comprehension Prospects Through Multimodal Discourse Analysis(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2017) Hira Saleem Khan; SP16-REL-006; Dr. Mudassar Mahmood Ahmad; LHR TP 4841The digital era ascertain the emergence of multimodal studies that lend an immense potential to the viewers to generate synergistic meanings from multitude of semiotic resources infused together. By virtue of multimodal remediated texts, the meanings and comprehension process can rekindle the prior mental concepts into a new dimension owing to ensembles and visual affordance it employs. Therefore, the study aims to analyze the tendency of remediated text in multiplying the meanings and upgrading the understanding of an older text refashioned into a new medium. For this purpose, the study is designed in two phases. The first phase is a preliminary analysis of an adapted film Pride and Prejudice which is examined through metafunctional approach of multimodal discourse analysis while the second phase encompasses three participants to explore their comprehension process through qualitative methods i.e. verbal protocols (Concurrent and Retrospective) and Semi-Structured Interviews. The results imply that remediated text supplied a holistic perspective of an artifact and it added to the comprehensive meanings of the narrative. It was also found that multimodal text has enriched participants’ comprehension about the narrative as it reinforced their critical understanding of the contentItem Patterning through Linguistic Posterity: A Socio Cognitive Discourse Analysis of Bhutto’s Political Rhetoric(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2017) Syeda Rida Zahara Naqvi; Sp16- MSENG-004; Dr. Mudassar Mahmood Ahmad; LHR TP 4846The present research study has been conducted on six political speeches of three political leaders of the same family namely Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Benazir Bhutto and scion of their legacy Bilawal Bhutto to examine how political leaders of same party have propagated their ideologies using linguistic strategies. It is imperative to investigate language as an instrument used by these politicians to persuade their public with assertion of power or power abuse. This study will also endeavour to explore rhetorical and ideological changes over the period of three generations. To investigate the discourse critically and to appraise the ideological foundation of political speeches socio-cognitive approach to CDA has been adopted to analyze and interpret the underlying ideological structure of discourse with reference to Van Dijk socio cognitive discourse theory (1993) and macro level structural arrangement, communicative situations and linguistic ideological structures like meaning, polarization, verbose style, emotive nuance, presuppositions and implication identification, and parallelism. The study revealed the ways in which political leaders exploit the power given by people and control the minds of people by manipulating discourse. The research finding guide that Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto delivered his speech as microcosm of the nation. No other leader of Pakistan had used such emotive and diplomatic discourse to persuade his nation. It was Bhutto’s rhetorical style which had made him alive in hearts of his followers. Benazir Bhutto the daughter of zulfiqar Ali Bhutto idealized her father and Bilawal Bhutto do not construct his identity completely subservient to Bhutto dynasty. Benazir criticizes Zia for her father’s hanging and Bilawal criticized Pervaiz Musharraf for her mother’s assassination. Finding revealed through discourse analysis that power validates and affirms itself in possible dimensions which continue fluctuating though in specific variety of orbits such as control, ideology, language, and society. Persuasion is just to gain power, to surpass, dominate, to prevail, and to stand out of all. They have confidently conveyed with them the insignia of their part at public stage. From structural, thematic, and discursive points political leaders have been found using persuasive devices.Item Evaluation of English Textbooks in Pakistani Context: 7th and 8th Grade(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2017) Malaika Tehreem; SP16-REL-007; Dr. Aasia Nusrat; LHR TP 4875It is a frequent practice to evaluate and examine textbooks in the area of academic process in order to get assistance for the selection of a suitable book for a particular context. The present study focuses on the analysis and evaluation of English textbooks Step Ahead 2 and Step Ahead 3 which are taught to grade7 and grade8 in elite English medium schools, Beacon House School System in Pakistan. It is to investigate to what extent a pre-use textbook meets the requirements of a learning process and how much favourable the tasks and activities are. McGrath’s impressionistic and in- depth methods (2002) have been applied by using his checklist technique to interrogate the contents of the textbooks. The analysis reveals some problems related to the four skills and cultural representation which demand an apt attention for improving. The major skills lack to find equal emphasis and mere foreign culture has been overly exposed. The findings assert the essential proceeding of revising the textbooks by the authors for this act would play an active role for the improvement of the English textbooks at school level.Item Dynamics of Power Relationship in Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing and To Room Nineteen(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2018) Samar Muhammad Ali; SP16-REL-009; Dr. Jaleel Akhtar; LHR TP 5175Doris Lessing contributes to the notion of power dynamics through self-representational social divisions and power-structures in her works. The aim of this study is to explore how Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing and To Room Nineteen portray the dynamics of power behind the social constructions of forces like patriarchy and social constraints. The study aims at finding out how structural power and resultant strategic action are related to each other and to outcomes of these from Lessing’s perspective. Identities are individual and collective that answer the question ‘who am/are/I/we?’ Hegemonic discourses of power and identity politics create invisible experiences of the more marginal members of that specific social category and construct a homogenized ‘right way’ to be its member. This is where the female protagonists of Lessing are Outsiders. The androcentric biased concept, ‘power-dependent’ or ‘power-independent’ complicates the positioning and placement of these women against social and personal domains. Because of the values and culture of male domination and of discrimination against women, women have been deprived of their subjective position. Fanatic patriarchal norms are regulated to suppress women’s exercise of power. The intersectional social divisions or the power structures influence an individual’s identity and control them. These power relations are based on control over authority, legitimacy, resistance, and power-dependency