Department of English
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Item Union of Myth and Romance: A Study of ‘The Chronicles of Narnia’ as a Realm of Northrop Frye’s Literary Archetypes(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2022) Maryam Nawaz; FA20-REL-001; LHR TP 7905; Dr. Aasia NusratThis research investigates C.S Lewis’ The Chronicles of Narnia as a unification of myth and romance in the realm of Northrop Frye’s literary archetypes. The concept of archetypes is deeply entrenched within the genre of children’s fiction. These patterns or archetypes help create a multilayered canvas for the literary piece of work. Abiding by the widely acknowledged patterns of art, Lewis created this masterpiece for his young audience. In Frye’s terms, the novel fits into the category of myth and romance simultaneously, providing the protagonists that qualify both as mythical and romantic heroes. Archetypes from both genres are rigorously implied in all the books of The Chronicles of Narnia. Embedded under the semiotic expression of the tale, these archetypes serve to convey non-apparent meanings to the readers through the process of symbolization. The given research studies three different forms of archetypes in the seven books of The Chronicles of Narnia that include: the hero of myth and romance, pastoral and animal imagery, and the four mythoi of romance associated with the patterns seasonal cycles. The study, to sum up, explores how the use of archetypes conveys intended meanings by the author in more effective ways which enhances readers’ understanding beyond the surface-level expression of the text.Item A Comparative Study of Chatbot-Based Feedback and Traditional Teacher Feedback in Correcting Focused Grammatical Errors of ESL University Students(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Sabahat Abrar; FA23-REL-021; Dr. Aasia Nusrat; LHR TP 9746This research examines the comparative efficacy of chatbot-generated feedback through Replika and conventional teacher feedback in the correction of targeted grammatical errors among Pakistani ESL university students. Taking a mixed-method, quasi-experimental approach, the study was carried out for five weeks on 60 volunteers who were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Grammatical mistakes in students' writing were analyzed and classified with Ferris's (2006) taxonomy, including both treatable and untreatable error categories. Although error categories were all reviewed, verb tense/form and prepositions were the most common in the pretest and were chosen for specific feedback. SPSS (version 26) was used to analyze the quantitative data, and semi-structured interviews were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's (2006) thematic analysis. The research was conceptualized on the basis of Activity Theory (Engeström, 1987), which positioned the application of tools; AI-driven feedback through Replika and conventional written corrective feedback as teachers of the learning process in the classroom context. Findings indicated that the control group receiving teacher feedback performed significantly better than the experimental group in reducing grammatical errors. Nonetheless, students in the experiment group indicated positive attitudes towards AI feedback, enumerating its immediacy, clarity, and convenience despite some technical constraints. The study indicates that although teacher feedback is still better in enhancing grammatical correctness, a combination of AI-based tools with conventional approaches could yield a wider and more effective feedback experience for ESL learners.Item Power and Ideology: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Netanyahu’s 2023 UN Speech on Gaza Conflicts(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Nimra Ayub; FA23-REL-018; Dr. Aasia Nusrat; LHR TP 9744Political discourse is a strong instrument between two different levels of public awareness, policy decisions, and moderating state actions. The political leadership of war-prone areas such as the Middle East uses rhetoric to build up narratives connecting the themes of nation-building narratives, maintaining power, and the orientation of international relations. This study will undertake a critical analysis of the UNGA speech by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in the year 2023. The above argument was tested by applying Fairclough’s Three-Dimensional Model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) that interprets Netanyahu’s linguistic strategies, rhetorical framing, and ideological construction. The research critically analyzes how Netanyahu depicts Israel as a defensive and peace-seeking state while presenting Iran and Palestinian leadership as existential threats. In his discourse, he not only legitimates Israel’s strategic alliances but also delegitimizes Palestinian complaints through an argument, furthermore, to analyze the reaction and reporting of the international media as well as electronic media, this research has applied Van Leeuwen’s Model of Social Actor Representation. Media framing plays a critical role in modeling global perceptions and awareness of conflicts, and this study assesses how media outlets depict Netanyahu as a strong and visionary leader, whereas left-leaning Western and Arab media frame his speech as a justification for occupation and military aggression. By analyzing media interpretations, this research highlights how political discourse is strategically recontextualized to serve ideological narratives and geopolitical interests. This study adds to the body of research work on Critical Discourse Analysis, indicating how a particular type of language plays the role of a tool of control in international diplomacy. Through the deconstruction of Netanyahu’s speech and what the media made of it, this paper will highlight the contribution made by language as a legitimizing factor of geopolitical actions. At its core, therefore, this study emphasizes the imperativeness of critically engaging with political discourse in forming an opinion that encourages both the scholar and the policymaker, as well as the media practitioner, to question the mainstream narrative and detect the role of rhetoric in shaping conflicts around the worldItem Examining Racial and Gender Biasness: A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis of Memes Framing the Speeches of Kamala Harris(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Fatima Kanwal; SP23-REL-013; Dr. Aasia Nusrat; LHR TP 9731Despite many researches on intersectionality, this research focuses on racism and gender stereotypes in memes, particularly within the political context of Kamala Harris.The objective of this research is to invesigate certain communication tools, such as irony, humour and pathos which are interpreted in memes depicting Harris' speeches and how the textual and visual components of memes are responsible for racial and gender inequality. The data consists of 16 internet memes which are sampled purposively. Through a qualitative approach, this study uses Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis (MCDA) by Kress and Leeuwen’s (2006) framework to investigate how political memes shape gender and racial stereotypes about Kamala Harris. MCDA enables the researcher to focus at how the text and images in memes convey meaning. Highlight the context that suggest to Harris’ political persona and public pronouncements, 16 memes were carefully selected from YouTube Reels, Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter between 2021 and 2024. Results show that memes misrepresent Kamala Harris by having visual-textual manipulation, humor, and irony to uphold gender and racial stereotypes. Her political credibility is indirectly undermined by these memes, which portray her as emotionally unstable, unqualified, or dependent on manlike characters. It was further suggested to investigate the effect of publi