Final Year Projects (FYPs) - Undergraduates
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/handle/123456789/64
This collection archives the complete set of theses produced by students of the COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus.
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Item INTERNSHIP REPORT ON BUREAU OF STATISTICS, GOVERNMENT OF PUNJAB, LAHORE(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Muhammad Shehroz; CIIT/FA21-BST-025/LHR; Dr. Tajamul Hussain; LHR TP 9934The Bureau of Statistics, Government of Punjab, serves as the primary repository and hub for statistical data activities in the province, tasked with collecting, analyzing, and disseminating statistical information through various publications and media. As it is attached to the Planning and Development Department, BOS operates in accordance with standards set by the National Statistical Council. Its key functions are to collect provincial- level data, coordinate and support statistical activities across the province, liaise with the Federal Statistical System, and prepare and disseminate provincial indicators through institutional sources and new censuses/surveys. With its Head Office in Lahore and an extensive network of 9 divisional and 15 district field offices, BOS, Punjab ensures comprehensive coverage across the province. Upon gaining independence in 1947, Pakistan faced the challenge of a decentralized statistical system, where data production was closely tied to government administration rather than a centralized statistical authority. Before establishing the Bureau of Statistics, statistical functions were dispersed across various government departments, with each department's statistical cell possessing differing levels of strength, technical expertise, and skills. However, there was no centralized agency to coordinate and harmonize their activities, resulting in a lack of cohesion and consistency in statistical data collection and analysis. Recognizing the system's limitations, the Pakistan Government established the Central Statistical Office (CSO) in 1950 as an attached department of the Economic Affairs Division, based on the recommendations of the Statistical Reorganization Committee. The CSO aimed to coordinate the country's statistical activities and meet its growing data needs. As development planning gained emphasis and demand for statistical data increased, the Planning Commission recommended expanding CSO's activities, leading to the establishment of Provincial Bureaus of Statistics in West Pakistan and East Pakistan, as advised by the IBRD Mission. The Bureau of Statistics was subsequently established in October 1957 within the Power, Irrigation & Development Department of the Government of West Pakistan, tasked with providing a continuous source of statistical data, enhancing provincial statistics, and disseminating information through publications. The Bureau was later integrated into the Planning and Development Department on January 31, 1959, and declared an attached department on July 1, 1973.Item EBiz Lounge (Private) Limited(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2024) Ansa Bibi; CIIT/FA21-BST-008/LHR; Dr. Tajammul Hussain; LHR TP 9929This internship report reflects the expert encounters and bits of knowledge acquired at EBiz Lounge Private Limited. As a Statistics student at COMSATS University, Islamabad, Lahore campus this internship offered an important chance to apply hypothetical information in a certifiable setting. The active openness in the online business, especially through association with the eBay stage, extended the comprehension of computerized commercial centers and upgraded specialized and scientific skills. The essential goal of the internship was to obtain useful involvement in overseeing item postings on eBay, advancing search engine optimization(SEO) techniques, and adding to deal development. Errands included item posting improvement, leading statistical surveying, and breaking down deals execution. Every obligation added to the proficient turn of events and gave further experiences in e-commerce dynamics. Challenges, such as adapting to changing algorithms and managing multiple priorities, offered meaningful learning opportunities. This report sums up the encounters, information acquired, and skills created during the internship. It involves the tasks which are completed in the internship, challenges I faced, and the possible solutions to get successful outcomes. Ideally, this report will act as a helpful asset for understudies and experts looking to comprehend the powerful web-based business scene and the worth of viable involvement in cultivating proficient development.Item Generalized Transmuted Exponential Distribution(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2020-04-01) BILAL MAJEED; CIIT/FA19-BST-008/LHR; Mr. Salman Abbas; LHR TP 9942In this study, we use the Transmuted Family of distributions to develop a novel generalized exponential model. Transmuted Exponential distribution is the name of the suggested distribution. For the proposed distribution, moments, generating functions, reliability functions, among other mathematical aspects, are explored. The maximum likelihood approach is considered to estimate the distribution parameters. The use of the under study distribution in real-world scenarios is then explained. The proposed family can be used for the generalization of the classical models.Item Development Of Calibration Log Estimator to Estimate Population Mean Using Randomized Response Technique(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2020-04-01) Rehmina; CIIT/FA19-BST-011/LHR; Dr. Riffat Jabeen; LHR TP 9944Calibration method is a useful method in daily life meanwhile it allows us to gather a single sample without repeating the process. In the presence of sensitive information, we calculate the variation of population with the help of calibration method. We proposed calibration log ratio estimator by using the method of (Jabeen, et al. 2022) in the presence of sensitive data.Item Generalized Transmuted Weibull Distribution(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2020-04-01) MOHSIN QUDDUS; CIIT/FA19-BST-012/LHR; Salman Abbas; LHR TP 9946In this research, we introduce a new generalized Weibull distribution using a new Transmuted family. An account of statistical characteristics of the generalized model is discussed in detail. Estimation of the model parameter is followed by method of maximum likelihood. A real-life application is presented to illustrate the applicability of the derived model. This new family of distribution can be utilized by researchers for developing generalized distributions in the future.Item Statistical Identification of Factors Responsible for Rice Yield: Regression Analysis Approach(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2020-04-01) Muhammad Faheem Javaid; CIIT/FA19-BST-009/LHR; Dr. Aamir Sanaullah; LHR TP 9944The importance of agriculture in our economy is underscored by the fact that it provides essential food supplies to meet the needs of our growing population. In Pakistan, agriculture is a vital contributor to our economic growth, Accounting for 22.7% of the GDP and employing approximately 37.4% of the Labor force. The rice ranked at 3rd place with 5.03 billion metric tons production worldwide. Pakistan came at 9th place all over the world in producing milled rice with a production of 9.32 million metric tons, rice contributes 2.4% to the value addition and 0.5% to the GDP. In this study we have collected data of Rice yield from Agriculture Department with various factors that contribute in the yield of rice. Then we use regression approach to identify the factors that are contributing in the rice yield significantly and the factors that contributing insignificantly. From the multiple linear regression, we got the R2 = 58.1% and Adjusted R Squared = .553. And then we see that, some predictor variables were found to be statistically significant while others were not as they are important for the rice yield. We suspected multicollinearity and applied factor analysis to address it. Factor analysis is applied to the independent variables, generating factors that were then used in a multiple regression analysis. The results of this analysis showed an improvement over the previous model, by making factors from all the independent variables show that all the factors are now contributing significantly in the model and the R2 has also improved from 58.1% to 68.7%.Item Construction of Calibration Log Ratio Estimator to Estimate Population Variance(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2020-04-01) Khafiza Afzal; CIIT/FA19-BST-003/LHR; Dr. Riffat Jabeen; LHR TP 9938Calibration is frequently used to improve the population parameter estimation’s accuracy using auxiliary data. In our study, we have introduced the calibration and the calibration log variance estimator for estimating the population variance. The study proposes the calibration variance log estimators using chi square distance measure and different calibration constraints respectively. Our findings indicate that the suggested calibration variance estimator performed better than the existing estimator.Item Drought Analysis using Transmuted Weibull Distribution(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2020-04-01) Ali Hassan; CIIT/FA19-BST-005/LHR; Dr. Mian Muhammad Farooq; LHR TP 9940The study aims to predict the drought analysis using monthly rainfall and temperature data. Over the past years drought is becoming important factor that is affected by climate changes in Pakistan. In this study we analyze the impact of drought in Punjab Districts. For this purpose, firstly data collected by Pakistan Metrological Department of Punjab Districts for the years 1993 to 2022 and then further competitive strategy analysis that fits our analysis or predictions are sought and critically reviewed. Then the chosen parts from strategy analysis are applied for the graphical presentation. Firstly, Applying Standardized Precipitation Index based on precipitation data by fitting transmuted Weibull distribution from the year 1993 to 2022 of each District (Bahawalnagar, Bahawalpur, Jehlum, Jhang, Lahore, Sialkot, Sargodha, Faisalabad, and Multan) to get know about classification of drought against each observed precipitation values and understand the impact of precipitation on drought. Transmuted Weibull Distribution is fitted on precipitation data to normalize it as SPI is calculated after fitting distribution on it. Further to identify trends of drought SPI calculated at different time scales by moving average of Three months, six months, and Twelve months to find SPI values and then these values are classified according to their drought conditions as moderate, severe, extreme near to normal, slightly wet, and extreme wet. Secondly applying Standardized Anomaly Index is another index that is widely used for drought analysis based on temperature data. SAI is calculated against each District (Bahawalnagar, Bahawalpur, Jehlum, Jhang, Lahore, Sialkot, Sargodha, Faisalabad, and Multan) from 1993 to 2023. By SAI values we can analyze the impact of temperature on drought. SAI values are shown in graphical form below in Chapter Results, that shows the trend and the SAI values against each year of a particular District.Item Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Drought(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2020-04-01) Muhammad Furqan Ahmad; CIIT/FA19-BST-002/LHR; Dr. Mian Muhammad Farooq; LHR TP 9938In the recent years climate change is the hot topic of research. Climate change can have severe effect on the environment. The drought is an important factor of the climate. If a drought occur in some area it will affect the agriculture, water resources and other important factors of the country. In this study, the impact of drought in different districts of Punjab, Pakistan was studied using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Anomaly Index (SAI). The SPI is applied on the rain data and the SAI was applied on the temperature data. The data was collected from Pakistan Metrological Department. At first, we fit the data on Length Biased Exponential Distribution and then we applied Standardized Precipitation Index on the rain data received from Pakistan Meteorological Department from 1993 to 2022. We also computed SPI using 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month moving average of the original data. We conducted spatial and temporal analysis using SPI and for the visual representation we also plot maps of the past five years for better understanding of the drought. Standardized Anomaly Index (SAI) is a useful tool to measure and monitor deviations from normal conditions in terms of temperature or other relevant variables associated with drought. We used temperature to better explain the drought impact in Pakistan. After applying SAI, we find out that temperate of the data is above average which means there is drought impact in different districts of Pakistan. The results show the clear drought pattern in different districts of Pakistan. We ignore the 0 and negative values of rain data before fitting the Length Biased Exponential Distribution as it is undefined for these values and then we compute the results. The graphs show that after taking moving average the drought patterns decrease in districts and also few years does not show any drought pattern.Item ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS CAUSING OBESITY IN YOUTH(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2020-04-01) Muhammad Noman Sabir; CIIT/FA19-BST-013/LHR; Nasir Inayat; LHR TP 9947This cross-sectional study examined the problem of overweight and obesity among students at COMSATS University, Lahore Campus. A random sample of 120 youths was surveyed using a well-constructed questionnaire to identify significant risk factors associated with weight issues. The students' BMI was used to assess their weight status. Cross-tabulation and multiple linear regressions were performed to analyze the data. The results showed that waist circumference, birth weight, meals during TV viewing, time spent on sedentary activities, celebration with food, parents' BMI, and breakfast skipping were positively linked to obesity. Conversely, vegetable consumption, fruit consumption, and feeling sluggish due to overweight were negatively associated with obesity. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing multiple factors in tackling overweight and obesity among youth. Implementing interventions targeting these risk factors could lead to effective prevention and management of weight problems.