M.Phil / MS
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/handle/123456789/60
This collection archives the complete set of theses produced by students of the COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus.
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Item Synthesis and Characterization of Ag Based Flexible Paper Electrode for Energy Storage Applications(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Ishmal Irfan; CIIT/SP24-RPH-010/LHR; Dr. Muhammad Aamir Razaq; LHR TP 10122The need for sustainable energy technology is fueled by the growing reliance on fossil fuels, which has resulted in significant environmental issues and resource depletion. Even though the use of renewable energy sources is growing quickly, reliable and effective energy storage systems are necessary for their successful implementation. Supercapacitors extended cycle life, high power density, and quick charge-discharge capability have made them attractive options. The creation of flexible and sustainable electrode materials by turning environmental trash into components with added value for energy storage applications is the main goal of this thesis. Co-precipitation was used to create silver oxide (Ag2O) nanoparticles, which demonstrated outstanding electrochemical performance, reaching a specific capacitance of 801 F·g⁻¹ at current densities close to 12 A·g⁻¹. A binder-free, three-dimensional, free- standing Ag-based flexible paper electrode was created by using natural fibers generated from banana peels as an inexpensive and renewable substrate for the direct development of Ag2O nanoparticles. The resultant LC/Ag2O composite electrode (1:1 ratio) showed outstanding cycle stability, low charge-transfer resistance, good rate capability, and a high specific capacitance of 623 F·g⁻¹. Ag2O was successfully formed and uniformly integrated inside the fibrous matrix, as validated by structural, morphological, optical, and chemical characterization utilizing XRD, Raman, UV-Vis, FTIR, and SEM. For next-generation flexible and wearable supercapacitor applications, the new flexible electrode architecture highlights a scalable and environmentally sustainable approach by providing effective ion transport and mechanical robustness.Item Extraction of Activated Carbon from Biomass for Energy Storage Applications(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2022) Farzana Bashir; CIIT/FA20-RPH-045/LHR; Dr. Ishrat Sultana; LHR TP 8001The current energy crisis is at its peak, and traditional energy sources are inadequate to supply modern energy demand. Consequently, the energy storage technology that can sustain current requirements is in high demand. Batteries and supercapacitor are examples of electrochemical energy storage devices (EESDs) that have been developed for a long time as crucial force sources in our daily lives. Orange peel, banana peel, wheat straw, olive stone, pistachio shells, walnut shells, beech wood, and hard coal, among other waste biomass sources, are used to produce activated carbon (AC). Activated carbon is used in energy storage applications due to high electrolyte wettability, high reactivity, and high thermal stability. Non- porous carbons are generated by the environmentally friendly, cheap, and low-temperature method of hydrothermal carbonization. For un-activated carbon we take 20 g of corn hair fiber and make gel in 100 ml DI water material was placed in autoclave at 250 ºC for 16 h. Activated carbon and KOH was taken by the ratio of 1:4 respectively, then grinding it in mortar and pestle, heated at 700-800 ºC at the 3 ºC min-1 ramp in a horizontal furnace under a nitrogen flow environment and held at this temperature for 1h. Hydrothermal process and temperature pyrolysis results in increased content of carbon and its aromatic nature in activated carbon. The percent yield of Activated carbon obtained through this method is much higher than other methods. Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to evaluate the sample and approximate its composition. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to explore the sample's electrochemical properties. CV and Specific capacitance show the enhancement of conductivity. The material has the highest specific capacitance 235 Fg-1.Item Synthesis of Metal-Organic-Framework Derived Materials for Energy Storage Applications(2021) Ayesha; CIIT/FA19-RPH-026/LHR; Dr. Muhammad Ashfaq Ahmad; LHR TP 7267With the progress in industrialization, the scarcity of resources and environmental pollution is growing fast. On the one hand, carbon dioxide produced by the ordinary combustion vehicle is a major source of global warming, where the fuel cars are accounted to consume a huge amount of oil resources. On the other hand, as the world has realized the importance of environmental protection, the development of a low- carbon transportation system has become an important solution. The electric vehicle has brought a lot of benefits, such as environmentally friendly, clean and no pollutant emissions. As a result, it might be regarded a potential new energy vehicle that has piqued the interest of consumers, industry, and researchers. Supercapacitors were also known as ultra-capacitors are being evaluated as one of the viable energy storage choices for future generations. These gadgets have been found to be useful in a range of applications, namely powering hybrid electric/electric automobiles and other electrical and electronic devices that enable energy to perform. Supercapacitors are the most flexible devices, widely used for supplying electrical energy quickly and in applications that need a long shelf life. As a result, there are considerable market demands for supercapacitors' development, and long-term advancement is necessary for their successful improvement and commercialization. New electronic and optoelectronic gadgets have recently grown on the market, requiring more dependable power sources with higher energy density and longer duration. Owing to their, pollution-free nature, stability, and high power density, supercapacitors have emerged as feasible options for energy storage. Traditional supercapacitors' poor energy density prevents them from being widely used, leading researchers to look into new forms of supercapacitors with better performance. Increasing the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors through the development of innovative electrode materials has been a major focus of study in recent decades. Asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) made consisting of two different electrode materials have a large working voltage window, enabling them to substantially increase energy density. In this research work, asymmetric super-capacitors electrode (ASCs) has been fabricated using Metal-Organic-Frameworks (MOF) derived mixed metallic oxides @CC as a positively charged electrode and MOF-derived nanoporous carbon (NPC) based material as a negatively charged electrode by a cost-effective hydrothermal method. The substantial materials are zinc-cobalt nitrates and 2-methylimidazole. The hydrothermal method is used to produce all samples.Item Synthesis and Characterization of Nickel and Lignocellulose Fiber Based Flexible Composites for Energy Storage Applications(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2020) ASAD FAROOQ; CIIT/SP18-RPH-010/LHR; Dr. Yasir Rafique; LHR TP 6073Nickel excessively used for energy storage applications due to wide potential, transparency and thermal stability. Several methods are reported for fabrication of Ninanostructures e.g. electro spinning, chemical vapour deposition process, self-assembly, a homogeneous precipitation method, thermal decomposition and hydrothermal method. Hydrothermal method is advantageous due to low cost, template free, environment friendly and low temperature. In this study, Ni is fabricated via hydrothermal method and furthermore composites with lignocelluloses fiber are synthesized for development of electrochemically efficient and flexible for energy storage. X-Ray diffraction and Cyclic Voltammetry measurements of fabricated composites were employed to characterize the morphology and electrochemical characteristics. XRD measurements confirm the fabrication of Ni. Cyclic Volatmmetry confirm the electrochemical kinetics of fabricated composites which are highly feasible for supercapacitors and batteries.