M.Phil / MS
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/handle/123456789/30
This collection archives the complete set of theses produced by students of the COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus.
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Item Synthesis and Characterization of Conducting Filler-Based Elastomer Composites for Electromagnetic Shielding Applications(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2023-02-27) Rida Fatima; SP22-R06-013; Prof. Dr. Zulfiqar Ali; LHR TP 8652The evolution of advanced communications systems and other electro-electronic gadgets has led to a type of electromagnetic pollution that has an impact on both the functionality of other equipment and people's health. There is a growing need for effective shielding materials to control EMI and related issues. A variety of composite materials have been developed using various combinations of dissimilar elements because it is widely known that single configuration cannot achieve necessary materials EMI-shielding (EMI-S) efficacy. The most popular materials having EMI shielding materials are made of metals with having inherent flaws including being heavy, more prone to corrosion, expensive, complex to produce, etc. Shields with to overcome these constraints, metal-based structure was modified using a variety of structural types and other materials. Conducting polymer-based composites have distinguished themselves from other classes of materials that form composite produced as Shielding-EMI components due to unique characteristics such as lower weight, environmental stability, long-life, durability, and minimal corrosive tenability. Here, in this work, Conducting Filler-Based Elastomer Composites synthesized and characterized by melt mixing method for electromagnetic shielding applications. The surface modification confirmed by different characterization techniques i.e., Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). For the mechanical and EMI Shielding applications composites material characterized by Universal testing machines (UTMs) that test mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural, compressive and shear. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) analysis for the measurement of thermal stability of material electrical conductance measurement and use of Vector Network Analyzer by Rhode and Shwarz for EMI Shielding.Item Synthesis and Characterization of Hybrid Mesoporous Silica Based Nanocarriers for Anti-Inflammatory Agents(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2023-02-27) Husnain Haider; SP22-R06-015; Dr. Fozia Rehman; LHR TP 8654Mesoporous silica MCM-41 was synthesized using sol-gel method and functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriexthoxysilane and -N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3- aminopropyltrimethoxysilane to obtain surface functionalized materials MCM-A! and MCM-A2 respectively. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, XRD, nitrogen adsorption and desorption analysis and scanning electron microscopy were done for characterization of materials. The prepared materials were loaded with the anti-inflammatory drug Diclofenac (water soluble). The drug loading capacity of MCM-A1 and MCM-A2 were found as 21.6% and 26% respectively. The drug release profiles were constructed up to 75 hours. The results indicated that drug loaded materials showed distinct profiles and slow and controlled drug release was observed from these materials. The MCM-A1 showed a faster rate of drug release compared to MCM-A2, which is attributed to N-(2- Aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane moieties attached to MCM-A2 surface resulting strong bonding interactions between the amine groups and drug molecules. By incorporating organic groups onto silica, the drug release rates could be tailored by varying the content of functional groups. The obtained results suggest that such extended drug delivery system may be used as controlled release cargos for water soluble anti-inflammatory drugs such as diclofenac sodium to enhance the drug safety and efficacy.Item Synthesis and Characterization of Injectable, Biocompatible and Biodegradable Hydrogels for Biomedical Application(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2022-02-26) Muhammad Shumail; FA20-R06-013; Dr. Asma Tufail Shah; LHR TP 7883Periodontitis is a common oral infection that affects about 10-15% of global population. Periodontitis is characterized by gum inflammation, gingival recession, tissue loss, and dental pocket formation. Different approaches like tooth scaling, ultrasonic scalars, lasers, and root planning as well as surgical procedures have been employed but these mechanical treatments are limited and invasive. For tissue repair or wound healing, it is important to develop biomaterials which have ability of regeneration of bone tissues along with antibacterial properties and would be less invasive in nature. Injectable hydrogels are crucial in this area because they have mechanical and structural characteristics comparable to many body tissues and the artificial extracellular matrix (ECM) and can be delivered to the body in the least invasive manner. In this study a novel thermosensitive, injectable, biocompatible, and biodegradable Chitosan-Alginate based hydrogel was synthesized in combination with bioactive glasses. Different concentrations of primary polymers and copper substituted bioactive glasses were studied and characterized by employing various analytical techniques including XRD, FTIR, Contact Angle, Zetasizer and Inverted microscope. Gelation effect and setting time of these hydrogels were analyzed with and without Bioactive glass. The injectability of these biomaterials was tested via syringe needles of various gauges. Bioactivity and degradability studies were performed along with antibacterial applications against E. coli and S. aureus in which the hydrogels with copper substituted bioactive glass demonstrated positive anti-bacterial activity.Item Synthesis and Characterization of Metal Substituted Bioactive Glass for Treatment of Periodontal Disease(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2021-02-25) Samreen Ashraf; FA19-R06-001; Dr. Asma Tufail Shah; LHR TP 7322Periodontitis is a serious gum infection that damages soft tissue and if not treated well can destroy bone resulting in tooth loss and is caused by different bacteria such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia. Roughly 50% world population is affected with it and 750 million people suffer from its severe form. The damaged bone can be regenerated in different ways, including using one’s own bone, or using donor’s bone and third way by using different synthetic bone fillers including bioactive glasses. Bioactive glasses (BGs) are non-crystalline biomaterials that are able to bond soft and hard living tissues and dissolve over time to stimulate growth of new tissues. In this research, an effective approach of periodontal treatment is to treat it with nano-sized bioactive glass prepared by co-precipitation method in which metal copper and fluoride ions are doped to increase its antimicrobial properties as well as strength. Different concentrations of copper-fluoride (Cu-F) doped bioactive glass have been prepared and characterized by different analytical techniques including FTIR, XRD and SEM-EDX to confirm the successful incorporation of copper and fluoride ions. The results showed that metal doped bioactive glasses were successfully prepared.Item Synthesis and Characterization of Al-Based Metal Organic Framework for Environmental Application(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2021-02-25) Maria Shamim; FA19-R06-003; Dr. M. Shahid Nazir; LHR TP 7325Metal organic framework, also called porous co-ordination networks are highly advanced class of crystalline materials with high porosity. MOFs synthesis is influenced via various factors such as solvent, pH and temperature of the system and can be synthesized via various routes. MOFs functionalization can be carried out pre-synthetically or via post-synthetic mode while there are various methods for the activation of MOFs out of which thermal activation is immensely in practice. Synthesis of environment friendly and water stable MOFs is the need of the hour, to be used in environmental applications. Aluminium being the light metal with smaller ionic radius and higher charge makes hydrothermally stable MOFs; a distinguished feature fit to carry out environmental applications such as dye adsorption and heavy metal remediation. Among variously synthesized MOFs, MIL-96(Al) stands out significantly in terms of stability. Three different combinations of MOFs 1) CTAB Modified MIL-96(Al) 2) CTAB-Fe3O4@MIL-96(Al) 3) Fe3O4@MIL-96(Al)/Ag-CTAB, are prepared using MIL-96(Al). These MOFs are characterized via FTIR at each step of their synthesis to confirm the synthesis. XRD has been carried out to confirm the crystallinity of the synthesized materials. MIL-96(Al) is a microcrystalline structure, as proved from 2Ө using XRD studies; characteristics peaks appearing at 9.2o and 11.2o. Average crystal size is determined to be 30.84nm for CTAB Modified MIL-96(Al), 30.95nm for CTAB-Fe3O4@MIL-96(Al) and 16.98nm for Fe3O4@MIL-96(Al)/Ag-CTAB. These synthesized MOFs have turned out be efficient adsorbent for dye removal such as methylene blue. Adsorption efficiencies of CTAB Modified MIL-96(Al), CTAB-Fe3O4@MIL-96(Al) and Fe3O4@MIL-96(Al)/Ag-CTAB are found to be 71.16%, 83.04% and 63.28%, respectively. Further, presence of certain functional groups in these MOFs can be suggestive of their use to be explored in heavy metal remediation as well.