M.Phil / MS

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Fabrication of Deep Eutectic Solvents functionalized Metal Organic Framework based Thin Film Nanocomposite Membranes for Heavy Metals Removal from Wastewater
(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2021-02-26) Zobila; SP20-R06-021; Dr. Asim Laeeq Khan; LHR TP 7575
The human population on our planet is continuously rising, consequently, the demand for clean water is increasing with the same proportion. Due to industrialization, water is continuously being polluted with heavy metals. Heavy metals are a major contaminant of water that have drastic effects on the life of humans as well as plants and animals. Numerous programs and technologies have been developed till now to eradicate the problem of water shortness and to treat the polluted water. Conventional technologies for water treatment include adsorption, ion exchange, chemical precipitation, and oxidation. However, these techniques have the disadvantage of high sludge production, high energy requirement, and low heavy metal ion rejection that limits their use in heavy metals removal. Membrane technology, specifically thin film nanocomposite membranes are considered a potential alternative for heavy metals removal from wastewater owing to its low energy requirements and high metal rejection. In this dissertation, we investigated the incorporation of Zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks namely UiO66 functionalized with deep eutectic solvents (DES) in thin-film composite membranes for heavy metals removal. Three different DESs comprising of choline chloride as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and ethylene glycol, urea, and glycerol as hydrogen bond donors (HBD) were used for MOF functionalization.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrogen Base Covalent Organic Framework for Environmental Application
(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2021-02-25) Malka Shahid; A19-R06-027; Dr. M. Shahid Nazir; LHR TP 7319
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are porous two-dimensional and three-dimensional structures due to their large structural diversity, inherent porosity, and excellent stability has been acknowledged as an excellent and versatile platform for gas adsorption, gas, and energy storage, as the heterogenous catalyst, in optoelectronic devices, in chemical sensing, treatment of wastewater, pollutants detection and their removal, photoconductivity, biomedical applications and for dye adsorption. Several different dyes are used for different applications to overcome the environmental parameters suitable dye storage, dye release, and dye removal method is required. So our main objective was to figure a desirable COF of resplendent porosity and stability with a less heat-intensive method for dye application. These days, there has been a major sake given to the development of the nanocomposites by employing the nanoscale panorama in one of two constituents. To produce nanocomposites of amended structure and corporeal features, the maintenance of nanoparticles and agglomeration is necessary for technological application. In this sense, Iron and Iron oxide nanoparticles have been considered as an efficient material for dye removal but iron-based magnetic nanoparticles (such as Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O) have very low stability in harsh conditions, and decomposition of material result in loss of their magnetic properties. In this study, the modification of COFs is done by the preparation of Iron-based magnetic COFs (Fe3O4@LZU-1) which also ensue the stabilization of magnetic nanoparticles. For the preparation of Fe3O4 @LZU-1, a very facile approach is utilized which shows excellent chemical stability. Synthesis of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@LZU1 was confirmed by FTIR and XRD. In FTIR spectra of Fe3O4@LZU-1, C=N appears at 1622 cm-1 that confirms the condensation reaction between two selected monomers. In XRD all the characteristics peaks were observed in the sample of Fe3O4 NPs and Fe3O4@LZU-1 fitted well with the JCPDS database (Card no. 075-1609) indicating that the formation of shell on the surface of NPs does not cause any evident change in diffraction peaks. According to the previous studies in Fe3O4 NPs for achieving the superparamagnetism, the estimated particles size is considered to be below 20 nm, and here in our reported work particle size for both magnetic nanoparticles and COF x magnetic nanocomposite is 11.93 and 10.58 nm which shows high magnetization saturation
Detection of Heavy Metal Ions using a Composite of Graphene Oxide, Iron Oxide and Metal Organic Framework
(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2020-02-19) Farhan Nazir Ahmad; FA18-R06-005; Dr. Sara Riaz; LHR TP 6489
Heavy metals are non-biodegradable, tend to accumulate in living organisms and cause serious health problems. Therefore, effective treatment of heavy metal ions in aqueous media is critical for public health. For selective and sensitive detection of Pb+2, Hg+2 and Cu2+, glassy carbon electrode was modified by a composite of Graphene oxide, metal organic framework and iron oxide. GO serves as backbone of MOF and iron oxide. It improves conductivity by enhancing electron transfer rate in matrix. Moreover, there are interactions between hydrophilic groups of GO and metal cations. GO, MOF and composite of GO-iron oxide was characterized by FTIR and XRD. The detection performance of electrode modified by composite of GO-MOF-iron oxide and GO-iron oxide was explored by EIS and CV. On introduction of MOF-5 to composite of GO-iron oxide, MOF-5 blocks active sites of composite and deactivate it, as MOF-5 hinders transfer of electron. While composite of GO-iron oxide shows excellent heavy metal ions adsorption, high capacitive current and better sensitivity as compared to composite of GO-MOF-iron oxide. This is all attributed to better electron transport properties, good electronic conductivity and large surface area of GO-iron oxide which lead to excellent catalytic response towards heavy metal ions.

M.Phil / MS

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