M.Phil / MS
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/handle/123456789/30
This collection archives the complete set of theses produced by students of the COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus.
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Item Exploring the Potential of ZnO/Ag/Ag2O@ chitosan Nanocomposite in Antibacterial Activity, Angiogenesis and Wound Repair(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2025-04-01) Khadija Hameed; CIIT/FA23-R06-013/LHR; Dr. Sadaf Ul Hassan; LHR TP 9688Clinical medicine continues to face significant challenges due to the advent of multidrug resistant infections and delayed wound healing, leading to the need for the creation of multifunctional biomaterials with regenerative and antimicrobial qualities. A novel ZnO/Ag/Ag2O@chitosan nanocomposite was created in this study by co-precipitation, and its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties were assessed. Comprehensive characterization methods including FTIR, XRD, SEM, and UV-Vis indicated that a structurally stable nanocomposite with desired morphological and elemental properties had been successfully formed. Agar well diffusion and time dependent optical density measurements were used to evaluate the antibacterial potential against therapeutically relevant strains of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The nanocomposite demonstrated broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, with noticeably larger zones of inhibition comparable to standard antibiotics. Studies on in vivo wound healing in a mouse excision model showed that the treatment group's wound contraction and tissue regeneration were faster than those of the positive and negative controls. Histopathological analysis showed neovascularization, re-epithelialization, and well-organized dermal architecture. The ZnO, Ag, and Ag2O synergy of the chitosan matrix enhanced tissue healing, bacterial membrane disruption, and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Due to its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and wound healing characteristics when combined, these findings suggest that ZnO/Ag/Ag2O@chitosan nanocomposite is a suitable candidate for biomedical purposes, particularly in the treatment of infected wounds.Item Bioactive MXene Based Nanocomposite for Potential Application in Wound Healing(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus., 2025-04-01) Amina Asif; CIIT/FA23-R06-002/LHR; Dr. Sadaf Ul Hassan; LHR TP 9680MXenes, a class of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides, have emerged as promising materials in the biomedical field due to their exceptional electrical conductivity, surface functionality, and biocompatibility. Their ability to serve as active carriers and structural supports makes them ideal candidates for designing multifunctional nanocomposites. In this study, a hybrid nanocomposite comprising MXene, ZnO/Ag/Ag2O was synthesized and characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM and UV–Vis techniques. The structural analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of metal oxide nanoparticles onto MXene sheets. The ZnO/Ag/Ag2O@MXene nanocomposite demonstrated excellent antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae. Bacterial time scale analysis showed reduced absorbance over 32 hours, especially in S. aureus and E. coli, indicating strong and sustained antibacterial performance. In a full thickness wound model in mice, the treated group exhibited 97.29% wound closure by Day 10, significantly outperforming the negative control group. The composite also exhibited anti-inflammatory property in a carrageenan-induced paw edema whereby thickness of the paw reduced form 7.33 mm to 4.72 mm in 24 h, which was very similar to that of the positive control. Histology proved increased tissue restoration and decreased inflammation, re-epithelialization of wounds and collagen arrangement in treated wounds. The above observations confirm the high possibilities of the ZnO/Ag/Ag2O@MXene nanocomposite as an efficient and universal material that can be used in biomedical applications, especially infection prevention, wound healing, and inflammation treatment.