M.Phil / MS
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/handle/123456789/30
This collection archives the complete set of theses produced by students of the COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus.
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Item Efficacy of Linseeds for the Removal of Biofilm in Diabetic Foot Isolates(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2020-02-23) Mualla Haroon; FA18-R06-024; Dr. Muhammad Javid Iqbal; LHR TP 6502Flaxseed is beneficial for the human consumption as it contains omega-3 fatty acids, alpha-linoleic acids, lignans, and valuable fibers. It helps in the reduction of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, cancer, arthritis, osteoporosis and neurological disorders. The proximate composition of flaxseed determines that it contains 80% globulins and 20% glutein. Flax contains almost 20% of fiber. Flax contains both soluble and insoluble fibers which are almost 20:80 and 40:60. Flaxseeds have a great medicinal effect. It helps in the treatment of various diseases especially diabetes. This research work focuses on the antimicrobial activity of Linseeds and above all the major focus was to treat the foot ulcer of diabetic patient by using Linseed extract. The foot bandages of these patients were collected and thus treated with extract to kill microorganisms present on it. Antimicrobial activity was carried out in a Laminar flow to keep germs away from the working area. Similarly, the bandages were also kept in close plastic bags to avoid contamination. Proximate analysis confirms moisture content 8.33 %, ash content 4.33 %, crude protein 21.20 %, crude fat 49.2% and crude fiber 5.63%. It was revealed that gram positive bacteria are most prevalent among all study groups. Linseed extract possess significant bactericidal potential against s. aureus among all other microbes. Owing to this potential, linseed coated bandages can be used alternatively for the treatment of diabetic foot. The present research work emphases on the health benefits of Linseeds and its application in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer. The development of linseed bandages should be initiated as future medicine for patients having diabetic foot ulcers.Item Development of Bio-Degradable Films from Fish Wastes(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2020-02-20) Nasir Ali; FA18-R06-034; Dr. Muhammad Javid Iqbal; LHR TP 6505Presented research proposal comprises on the extraction of Gelatin from different fish waste materials like skin, bones and scales. Gelatin is mostly used in different food recipes to develop flavor and texture. Rohu fish gelatin is an excellent replacement to artificial plastics for making films to prevent food contamination. In this context, fish gelatin is getting commercial interest due to high collagen content, diverse gelatin and generation of low environmental pollution ultimately. Different extraction procedures based on acidic and alkaline methods will be employed to get good gelatin yield for the development of decomposable gelatin films (Thin layers) for packaging materials. Finally, an extracted gelatin will be characterized by UV, FTIR and XRD.Item Phytoremediation of Pharmaceutical Effluents by using Plants Husks(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2020-02-20) Bilal Shabbir; FA18-R06-017; Dr. Muhammad Javid Iqbal; LHR TP 6495The goal of this research is to filter and characterize the Husk of rice and coconut for the removal of toxic pollutants from Pharmaceutical wastewater. It has been reported that organic waste can adsorb pollutants more efficiently from wastewater as compared to other adsorbents due to their small size, high surface area and high chemical reactivity. Water can be purified by different methods, and different methods have been reported to remove pollutant from water but where adsorption is more efficient due to its properties like cost effective, simple methodology, and rapid operation. Adsorption method for separation is most popular due to easier methodology, requires lesser volume for process, high efficiency, easiness and characteristic of regeneration and produce lower volume of sludge. Before and after samples of husk were confirmed by FTIR and XRD used as adsorbent for removal of contaminants from wastewater. FTIR spectra correlated with peaks of husk from literature. In XRD graph, peaks confirm the formation of husk and antibiotics complex. These composition shows high adsorption and dye degradation in reported Uv-analysis and they can easily separate out from solution after adsorption. Husk showed high adsorption capacity of antibiotics and can remove 80% of antibiotics from water in 30 min.Item Detection and Differentiation of Bovine and Porcine Gelatin in Commercial Products(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2020-02-19) Shakeela Mansha; FA18-R06-029; Dr. Muhammad Javid Iqbal; LHR TP 6503Gelatin is commonly used in different commercial products. The font of gelatin is from porcine or bovine. Gelatin is much similar in illustration of composition, physicochemical properties and arrangement of Amino acids yet having different source. Due to these similarities, differentiation to find source is become challenging. In this present work, the sources of gelatin were find out in a very economical but simple method to ensure Halal food products. This examination was done to extricate and portray gelatin from various business products. Then treated with 1% NH4HCO3 having pH 8.0 at 25℃ for 24 hours. The gelatins were treated by trypsin enzyme, and the succeeding peptides were evaluated by HPLC–MS. The marker peptides specific for bovine like and porcine were efficiently gotten in the split with bull like and porcine gelatin. Comparable examinations exhibited that specific peptide marker show the presence of porcine gelatin. It was noticed that proline hydro-xylation was the main factor impacting the peptide ID. For instance, GPPGSAGSPGK and GPPGSAGAPGK perceived in prepared bull like and porcine gelatin. The outcomes demonstrate that identification of peptides in the processed gelatin test utilizing High performance liquid chromatography along with mass spectrometry is a viable strategy to separate among cow-like and porcine gelatin. Skyline software was used to interpret the graphs. TIC and MRM studies was done to interpret the data. We have discovered certain peptide markers which are valuable to separate porcine and ox-like gelatin. Sample no.6 was the focal point of concern since it shows the peptide marker of both porcine and ox-like peptide. Remaining examples indicated whether the source is ox-like or porcine.Item Anti-Biofilm Activity of Medicinal Plants Extracts against Burn Isolates(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2020-02-19) Waseem Akram; FA18-R06-014; Dr. Muhammad Javid Iqbal; LHR TP 6493Out of complications, burnt skin is a leading medical, social and economic problem. Proper management of burn wounds is complicated and involves a lot of necessary measures. This study aims at evaluation of clinical and microbial characteristics of burn infections and effects of Ziziphus mauritiana extracts in curing and healing process of burns. Burn wound healing is complicated phenomenon which includes the processes for tissue repairing, elimination of inflammation, granulation, epithelialization and wound contraction. The infections caused by the certain bacteria have become a major challenge in the treatment of burn wounds and has become associated with the morbidity and mortality rates in hospitals. Despite the advances in the medication processes, a great number of world populations still depend upon the traditional medicines. The traditional herbal methods used for the treatment of burns wounds have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and angiogenic effects. The most common individual isolates in burn patients are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter sp. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Out of these, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were selected for the following study. These organisms were sensitive as well as resistant to most of antibiotics. The biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were made on glass substrata from the samples taken from the burn wounds by using qualitative and quantitative methods. Activity of Ziziphus mauritiana leaves extracts against the organisms in the form of biofilm was estimated. This study aims at evaluation of Anti-biofilm activity of Ziziphus mauritiana extracts could be developed as an organic medication and safe treatment method for the burn patients.Item Enzymatic Removal of Biofilm from the Clinical Isolates of Diabetic Foot Ulcers(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2020-02-19) Aroosa Sadaf; FA18-R06-015; Dr. Muhammad Javid Iqbal; LHR TP 6494Diabetes Mellitus is an aggregation of metabolic disorder in which increase in blood glucose level is reported for a prolonged period which cause many complications in humans. Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the main complications which caused by Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetic foot ulcer has severe medical, economic and social effects for prolonged time. Proper management of burn wounds is complicated and involves a lot of necessary measures. This study aims at evaluation of clinical and microbial characteristics of diabetic foot ulcers and effects of Protease enzyme in curing and healing process of these ulcers. Diabetic foot ulcers healing is complicated phenomenon which involves many complicated processes for tissue repairing. The infections caused by the certain bacteria have become a major challenge in the treatment of foot ulcers and has become associated with the morbidity and mortality rates in hospitals. Despite the advances in the medication processes, there is no reliable and successful treatment method for the diabetic foot ulcers. The most common individual isolates in foot ulcers are Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter sp. and Escherichia coli. Out of these strains Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli were selected for this study. These organisms were sensitive as well as were resistant to most of antibiotics. The biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli were made on glass substrata from the samples taken from foot ulcers by using qualitative and quantitative methods. Activity of crude protease enzyme against the isolates in the form of biofilm was estimated. This study aims at evaluation of Anti-biofilm activity of protease enzyme that could be developed as an alternative, fast and safe treatment method for the diabetic foot ulcers.Item Carbon-based Nanomaterials for Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol and Ethanol(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2020-02-19) Salman Munawar; FA18-R06-022; Dr. Muhammad Javid Iqbal; LHR TP 6500Fuel cells attract validation every day due to the important characteristics of Pt, Pd, Ru and Rh as the traditional catalysts, including no mobile portion and energy generation, but also because they are uncommon and costly, they also produce toxic, intermediate, and slow-cinematic reactions. In this study, CoSe/CNT material was prepared which is responsible for methanol oxidation reaction in methanol fuel cell. The CoSe/CNT material has been synthesized through using of selenium (Se) along with cobalt chloride hexahydrate. For this preparation, single step hydrothermal is applied. XRD confirmed the successful composite synthesis along with SEM. x Laterally, the synthesized material has showed remarkable use in electrochemical reaction such as oxidation reaction of methanol studies. The trustable technique such as cyclic voltammetry has been applied which confirmed that the methanol oxidation is a diffusion-controlled process and forward peak current and peak potential increase with the scan rate when varying between 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mV/s. This technique was performed in acidic medium on modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) via three electrode electrochemical system. The oxidation reaction of methanol is catalyzed by CoSe@CNTs catalyst and remarkable current density with peak value of 6.4 mA/cm2 by using 0.6 potential with scan rate of 50mV/s. The lower charge transfer resistance Rct has been confirmed by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and catalyst was highly stable.