Browsing by Author "Sajjad Ahmad"

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Mitigation of Denial of Service (DoS) attack in Vehicle to Grid (V2G) Network.
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2020) Sajjad Ahmad; FA17-RCS-012; LHR TP 5976; Dr. Hasan jamal
Vehicle to Grid (V2G) network will become an emerging technology very soon because of the efficient use of electrical energy and the reduction of environmental pollution. V2G network plays a vital role in the advancement of charging and discharging the batteries of Electric Vehicles (EVs). An EV charges or discharges the batteries to the Smart Grid (SG) through Central Aggregator (CAG). So that SG and CAG are the important component of V2G network and CAG is an intermediate between SG and EV. CAG is connected with SG through the internet (i.e., Wi-Fi) and also connected with EV through a Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC). Therefore, CAG has a special significance in V2G network. However, CAG’s network security is a major issue as compared to the other wired network because it has an open access wireless media and no fixed cybersecurity mechanism. There are various cybersecurity attacks (i.e. Denial of Service (DoS), Wormhole, Grey hole, Sybil, sinkhole, timing, Man in the Middle (MITM) and eavesdropping, etc.) that reduce the performance of the V2G network. So, it is important to develop a security mechanism that can protect against cybersecurity attacks on CAG. In this research, we investigate the effect of a cybersecurity attack on V2G network regarding CAG. So that, the deploying of a reliable Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can increase the security of V2G network and detects and mitigates the DoS attack before damaging the V2G network. But the existing IDSes cannot work properly in V2G network because of V2G network has special requirements and characteristics. The focus of this thesis to develop IDS for V2G network that can detect the DoS attack. So we establish V2G network cybersecurity attack detection and mitigation mechanism called Central Aggregator Intrusion Detection System (CA-IDS) against DoS attack that is deployed on CAG and can efficiently detect and mitigate the DoS attack launched by a malicious EV. The proposed system’s experiment is performed in NS-3 (V-3.30) that generates normal network traffic and DoS attack traffic and various tests are conducted. These tests generate results (both normal and DoS attack traffic) that are used to measure the performance of V2G network. IX Our proposed system is compared with existing systems by using different parameters such as throughput, jitter, and accuracy. The analysis shows that the proposed CA-IDS has higher throughput, lower jitter and higher accuracy as compared to the existing schemes.
The Effect of Psychological Contract Fulfillment and Organizational Justice on Employee Reactions under Moderation by Organizational Trust among the Lady Health Workers of District Gujranwala, Punjab Pakistan
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2015) Sajjad Ahmad; FA13-MSMS-019; Dr. Syed Muhammad Imran Haider Naqvi; LHR TP 4351
In this mounting competitive atmosphere, organizations attempt to gain competitive advantage with the assistance of employees’ heartfelt and paramount efforts towards realizing organizational goals. In this regards, justice perceptions and implied expectations of employees play an imperative role in drawing positive reactions of employees at workplace. This research study highlighted the contribution of fulfillment of employees’ promises and justice perceptions in shaping positive employee reactions (ERs). Scant literature shed light on the impact of organizational justice (OJ) and psychological contract fulfillment (PCF) on ERs especially in the health sector. The study aimed to probe the effect of OJ and PCF on different components of ERs among the lady health workers (LHWs) of the district Gujranwala of the province of Punjab, Pakistan. The organizational trust (OT) has also significant role in augmenting ERs. In most studies, OT mediated the relationship among OJ, PCF and different components of ERs. The fundamental contribution and objective of the present study was to investigate the moderating role of OT on the relationship between OJ – ERs and PCF – ERs. The data were collected from the LHWs of four Tehsils of district Gujranwala by using simple random sampling. All the variables were measured by using instruments of numerous past researchers. The questionnaire was translated into Urdu. To check validity and reliability of questionnaire, factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha were used. To test hypotheses i.e. the impact of OJ and PCF on employee engagement (EE), organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB), organizational commitment (OC) and work motivation (WM), simple regression analysis method was used. The check the moderation of OT on the relationships of OJ – components of ERs and PCF – components of ERs, Hayes’ (2013) method namely PROCESS was applied. Moreover, the findings depicted that OJ and PCF had positive and significant effect on EE, OCB, OC and WM. The results also demonstrated that OT antagonistically moderated the relationship of OJ with EE, OCB, OC and WM. Similarly, the findings also revealed that OT also antagonistically moderated the relationship of PCF with EE and WM but didn’t moderate the relationship of PCF with OCB and OC. The present study contributed to the literature of PC, OJ, OT and ERs. For government, it provided prodigious guidance such as by fulfilling its promises with employees and by augmenting positive justice judgments develop positive ERs. Self-reported data, sectional and cross analysis established the present study’s limitation. Directions for future research were also deliberated such as future researchers should go for longitudinal research.