Browsing by Author "Muhammad Abdullah"

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Analyzing the Mediating Role of Work Engagement and Employee Resilience between Transformational Leadership and Employee Job Performance
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) Muhammad Abdullah; FA21-RPM-014; Dr. Sabeehuddin Hasan; LHR TP 8577
The purpose of this research is to investigate the mediating role of work engagement and employee resilience in the relationship between transformational leadership and employee job performance. To achieve this objective, a quantitative research approach was employed. Data was collected from 238 respondents working in the Software industry in Lahore using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire included measures of transformational leadership, work engagement, employee resilience, and employee job performance. The data collected was then analyzed by using PROCESS Hayes macro model 6 to examine the hypothesized relationships. The findings suggest that transformational leadership had a significant positive impact on employee job performance, transformational leadership also had a significant positive impact on work engagement, and work engagement was seen to have a significant positive impact on employee resilience, whereas employee resilience was seen to have a significant positive impact on employee job performance. Finally, for serial mediation, it was seen that transformational leadership has a positive relation with Employee Performance when serially mediated by work engagement and employee resilience. The implications of this research are twofold. First, the study will contribute to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the mediating mechanisms underlying the relationship between transformational leadership and employee job performance. This will enhance our understanding of how leaders can effectively engage and motivate employees to enhance their performance. Second, the findings will have practical implications for organizations, as they can use this knowledge to develop interventions and strategies that foster work engagement and resilience among employees, ultimately leading to improved job performance and organizational effectiveness.
Interest Flooding Attack Mitigation in Vehicular Name Data Networks (VNDN)
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2020) Muhammad Abdullah; SP17-RCS-004; LHR TP 5973; Professor Dr. Syed Asad Hussain
In connected vehicular ecosystem, multimedia data sharing is rapidly increasing and it has emerged as a crucial aspect of Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET). Traditional TCP/IP network model is found inappropriate to cope with high mobility, network volatility and intermittent connectivity between vehicular nodes. During the last few years, Named Data Network (NDN) has been considered as a promising candidate for efficient and seamless connectivity between vehicular nodes. Vehicular Named Data Network (VNDN) has been used to handle intermittent connectivity between vehicles, mobility, seamless connectivity and scalability problems in host-centric VANET environment. In VNDN, communication takes place on the basis of name instead of host IP address mechanism. Moreover, communication between vehicles follows pull based approach, i.e., data packets are generated on demand to prevent network from overloading. However, there are certain security challenges in a VNDN environment. These challenges are Denial-of-Service (DoS) Attacks, Cache related attacks, timing attacks, Interest Flooding Attack (IFA) etc. This research work focuses on Interest Flooding Attack (IFA) in a VNDN scenario. In IFA, attacker(s) generates malicious Interest packets with non-existent prefix to exhaust network resources and cause Interest packet flooding across the network. This thesis has proposed a novel attack mitigation scheme to counter this problem. The proposed Priority based per-flow Interest rate monitoring scheme determines suspicious flow of malicious incoming Interest packets in attacked vehicles. Moreover, proposed attack mitigation method comprises three different phases, i.e., attack detection, recovery and prevention, to prevent VNDN scenario from shutting down. Detection phase identifies suspicious flow of incoming Interest packets while attack recovery phase back tracks attacker vehicle(s). The proposed research scheme has introduced attack prevention phase to limit scalability of IFA in a VNDN scenario. A priority flag is assigned to incoming flow of Interest packets that detects IFA. The priority of incoming Interest packet flow is calculated on the basis of various parameters, i.e., Average Interest transmission rate, Interest Satisfaction Rate, Interest packet retransmission count, Interest Satisfaction Ratio (ISR), number of hop x traversed, cache hit/miss ratio and Interest packet transmission delay. The aforementioned metrics are considered to avoid false attack detection and rejection of legitimate Interest packets. Repeated Simulations show that proposed IFA mitigation scheme outperforms prior per face Interest rate limiting solutions in terms of improved Interest Satisfaction rate, cache hit ratio and ISR during attack window. Besides this, proposed research model also maintains low rate of Pending Interest Table (PIT) utilization, packet collisions, Interest packets retransmission count, end-to-end delay and ratio of Unsatisfied Interest packets. Furthermore, scalability of proposed research strategy is also evaluated by changing density of attackers at real-time. Moreover in proposed attack mitigation model, rate of incoming legitimate Interest packets increases by reducing drop rate of valid Interest packets.
Synthesizing A Hybrid Energy Storage Device Containing Polymer Polyaniline (PANI) Anchored MXene-CNT Nanostructures
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Muhammad Abdullah; CIIT/FA23-RPH-025/LHR; Dr. Muhammad Habib; LHR TP 9854
Next generation electronics need to be high performance, multifunctional, and environmentally friendly. This study is dedicated to the preparation and characterization of a new hybrid electrode material based on the assembly of a polyaniline (PANI) polymer on MXene-carbon nanotube (CNT) nano-structures for supercapacitor usage. In this hybrid system, the conductive MXene-CNT framework serves as a high surface area electron conduit, whilst the PANI coating contributes to the pseudocapacitive charge storage via Faradaic processes. The hybrid material was obtained by in-situ polymerization of aniline on MXene-CNT substrates while maintaining strong interfacial interactions. The uniform distribution of PANI on the MXene-CNT matrix, followed by larger specific capacitance, rate capability, and cycling stability compared with the components demonstrated by electrochemical measurements further confirmed its effectiveness. The properties of synthesized material were characterized using Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical measurements CV, and GCD. The redox peaks in CV show its hybrid nature so prepared electrode from MXene, CNT and PANI. The native synergy of MXene conductivity, CNT mechanical strength, and PANI redox activity resulted in a high-performance energy storage device with possibilities for flexible and wearable electronics possibilities. Therefore, this work proposes a new and effective approach for enhancing the development of advanced hybrid electrodes. In addition, the assembled heterostructure can assemble the plate-like 2D MXene, 1D CNTs, and 3D PANI to form a hybrid electrode with a hierarchical structure and complementary charge storage mechanisms. This dimensional synergy enabled high energy and power density. Therefore, this study provides a promising and efficient way for the preparation of ideal electrode materials for high-performance energy storage devices.