Browsing by Author "Hina Saleem"

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    A Digital Twin-Assisted Hybrid Decision-Making Model for Autonomous Vehicles Behavior Analysis
    (Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2023) Hina Saleem; SP22-RCS-005; LHR TP 8682; Dr. Tariq Umer
    This thesis aims to center its attention on the development of a prototype of a Digital Twin that can be utilized for the analysis of autonomous vehicle behavior. The objective of the project was to explore the potential connection and configuration of Digital Twin and Autonomous Vehicles in order to create a visualization-based model for analyzing vehicle behavior. Two methods were employed to establish the connection between autonomous vehicles and a Digital Twin. The first method involved simulating a instinctive model using historical data to recreate scenarios. The second method involved simulating a computational model to incorporate a texture from the physical environment into the DT. In order to initiate the configuration of the DT, Carla was employed to generate states representing the ahead going speed and acceleration of a vehicle, thereby allowing for testing of the OpenModelica models. Additionally, efforts were made to increase the statistics by utilizing Carla as a realistic tool to integrate Autonomous Vehicles with Carla. This thesis introduces a configuration that introduces the concept of the DT being one step ahead of the PT. The PT, which is based on machine learning, was introduced as a means of generating similar parameters to those of a vehicle in a physical environment, thereby allowing for testing of this setting. However, the research did not inspect methods for integrating the same 3D geography in Carla and the machine learning-based simulator, which limited the experiments conducted while the machine learning simulators served as the PT. Furthermore, the statistics between Carla and OM was unable to investigate the concept of reflecting x back action to the PT. Consequently, a second design diagram, based on the knowledge acquired in this project, is presented in the thesis, with the potential for further investigation. In conclusion, this thesis presents a Digital Twin-based methodologies utilized throughout the project establish a strong foundation for future research in the development of a Digital Twin-based model for autonomous vehicles
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    Barium Hexaferrite: Synthesis and Microwave Properties
    (Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2021) Hina Saleem; FA20-RPH-031; Assistant Profesor; LHR TP 7989
    Barium hexaferrite (BaFe12O19) is a big saturation magnetization, high Curie temperature, large permeability, strong resistance, high corrosion resistivity, and good chemical stability are all characteristics of hard magnetic materials. In the present work, Barium hexaferrite has been created using the co-precipitation method (BaFe12O19). The effects of different synthesis parameterslike treatment time and treatment temperature on the structural (crystal structure and microstructure) properties of barium hexaferrite have been studied. The as synthesized magnetic material is characterized by different techniques. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra is used to record to insight the functional bonding, while RAMAN spectra is analyzed to verify the structure of the prepared materialand UV-Vis spectroscopy is used look for the optical related properties of (BaFe12O19). In RAMAN analysis peaks from 600 to 400 cm-1 are due to A1g vibrations of Fe-O bonds at the octahedral 4f2, 2a, and12k sites. In FTIR the sample annealed at 1000oC and 1100oC, it was possible to infer from the curves that the peaks do not significantly change as the annealing temperature is raised., but a different transition percentage. The bands at, 1055cm-1 can be associated with the vibrations in the surfactant molecule and shows the C-H stretching. These changes in the structural parameters will be correlated to the associated changes in the electrical and microwave properties.