Browsing by Author "Dr. Muhammad Khan"

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An Efficiency Analysis of Agro-Production businesses on Dunes: A Case of Bhakkar District of Pakistan
(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2025-01-30) Sehar Munir; FA11-MSMS-027; Dr. Muhammad Khan; LHR TP 4329
Measurement of efficiency is an imperative factor in output growth. If an economy has limited resources and lacking opportunities of advanced technology, inefficiency studies will help out to show that it is probable to increase productivity by enlightening efficiency without developing the resource base or increasing new technology. In this Study we have estimated the efficiency of three types of farming systems 1) Arid conventional farming, 2) Only tree farming, 3) Border tree farming on the sand dunes of Bhakkar district in Thal region. Efficiency estimates are based on technical, scale, allocative and economic efficiencies. Data was collected with the help of questionnaire technique from 200 farmers in Bhakkar. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique was used to estimate technical, scale, allocative and economic efficiencies. The mean value of total technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency, allocative efficiency and economic efficiency in conventional farming was found 0.679, 0.803, 0.786, 0.852 and 0.685 respectively. While the mean value of total technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency, allocative efficiency and economic efficiency in only tree farming was recorded 0.698, 0.954, 0.517, 0.337 and 0.301 respectively. Moreover, the mean value of total technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency, allocative efficiency and economic efficiency in case of Border tree farming was found as 0.966, 0.938, 0.882, 0.687 and 0.638 respectively. The results specify that new and innovative ways of tree cultivation method were relatively more efficient compared to conventional ways of agriculture. Tobit regression was used to estimate the sources of inefficiencies in these three farming systems. Tobit regression estimates further indicates that education and age are important variables in explaining technical and allocative efficiencies in innovative farming. Hence results concluded that agriculture extensions should take appropriate policy measures to enhance awareness among farmers in the area.
An Efficiency Analysis of Agro-Production businesses on Dunes: A Case of Bhakkar District of Pakistan
(Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2015) Sehar Munir; FA11-MSMS-027; LHR TP 4329; Dr. Muhammad Khan
Measurement of efficiency is an imperative factor in output growth. If an economy has limited resources and lacking opportunities of advanced technology, inefficiency studies will help out to show that it is probable to increase productivity by enlightening efficiency without developing the resource base or increasing new technology. In this Study we have estimated the efficiency of three types of farming systems 1) Arid conventional farming, 2) Only tree farming, 3) Border tree farming on the sand dunes of Bhakkar district in Thal region. Efficiency estimates are based on technical, scale, allocative and economic efficiencies. Data was collected with the help of questionnaire technique from 200 farmers in Bhakkar. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique was used to estimate technical, scale, allocative and economic efficiencies. The mean value of total technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency, allocative efficiency and economic efficiency in conventional farming was found 0.679, 0.803, 0.786, 0.852 and 0.685 respectively. While the mean value of total technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency, allocative efficiency and economic efficiency in only tree farming was recorded 0.698, 0.954, 0.517, 0.337 and 0.301 respectively. Moreover, the mean value of total technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency, allocative efficiency and economic efficiency in case of Border tree farming was found as 0.966, 0.938, 0.882, 0.687 and 0.638 respectively. The results specify that new and innovative ways of tree cultivation method were relatively more efficient compared to conventional ways of agriculture. Tobit regression was used to estimate the sources of inefficiencies in these three farming systems. Tobit regression estimates further indicates that education and age are important variables in explaining technical and allocative efficiencies in innovative farming. Hence results concluded that agriculture extensions should take appropriate policy measures to enhance awareness among farmers in the area.
Evaluation of use of safety measures on occupational health of workers of textile mills of Pakistan
(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2016-02-02) Hafiz Muhammad Abaidullah Yousaf; FA13-MSPM-022; Dr. Muhammad Khan; LHR TP 4371
Textile is the major value added sector of Pakistan. The significance of this sector can be judged from Pakistan's GDP (8.5%). This important sector is also one of the polluted sectors of Pakistan. It lacks basic hygiene requirements and work conditions are not favorable for work in most of the organizations. In spinning mills, workers inhale cotton dust in their daily life and suffer from different kind of occupational illness like shortness of breath, asthma, chronic cough, bronchitis and wheezing etc. Occupational illnesses ultimately affect worker’s health, productivity, quality of life and hence overall welfare very seriously. Occupational health and safety (OHS) has been viewed primarily as a technical phenomenon in textile mills which can be improved by better monitoring of worksites. Research has suggested that after a certain point technology cannot achieve further improvements in occupational health and safety. Rather, organizational and cultural factors maybe important - yet these have not been widely explored. Therefore, research should examine how managerial style and culture, use of safety gadgets and organizational philosophy on health and safety and characteristics of the workforce and other variables are related to occupational health and safety. Therefore, the current work was aimed ‘to examine the effects of organizational factors on development of respiratory diseases among textile industry workers’. For this purpose, a sample of 100 workers was collected from 4 textile mills in Lahore region. A detailed questionnaire involving worker age, education, work experience, use of safety masks, safety training in the organization, incentive/punishment program, emergency planning, safety inspection system and respiratory diseases at workplace was used for this purpose. In this study, we have checked the relation of use of facemask, safety training, incentive/punishment program, emergency planning and safety inspection in the organization with occupational illness. This study analyzed descriptive statistics, Chi-Square test and Logistic Regression for the variables. This study finds the positive relation of control variable of work experience with occupational illness. This study draws the conclusion that organizational factors helps to improve occupational health and safety in textile mills. So, there should be a proper administrative actions for the use of safety masks at workplace, safety training for the workers to educate them for occupational health and safety risks, incentive/punishment program as a motivation for workers to take part in health and safety activities, emergency planning at workplace for controlling the adverse effects of occupational illness and safety inspection system in the textile mills to improve occupational health and safety.
Factors affecting contractor attitudes and behaviours regarding construction and demolition waste management: A study of construction industry in Pakistan.
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2018) Fatima Aqeel; SP14-MSPM-013; Dr. Muhammad Khan; LHR TP 5267
Lahore is the second largest city of Pakistan; it is making its way up as indicated by the development initiatives taken for the city, infrastructure development and the provision of the basic facilities to the residents. The provincial budget of Punjab for the fiscal year 2014-2015 out-lay by provincial government is PKR1033.70 billion. PKR345 billion was allocated for Annual Development Program (ADP) in the budget, of which 40% is reserved for the utilization in Lahore for the various ongoing and several new development projects.(Directorate General Monitoring and Evaluation, Government of Punjab). With the numerous ongoing construction activities in Lahore, a large amount of construction waste is generated which aroused growing public concern. Human factors affect the construction and demolition waste management. Attitude and behaviour of contractor directly influences the practices for managing waste during construction and demolition. Factors affecting contractors‟ attitudes and behaviours are critical in understanding how to resolve issues surrounding construction waste management practices in Pakistan. To achieve the objectives of the study contractors operationalizing in Punjab will be selected through random sampling technique. List of the privately registered contractors under different categories in Lahore, Punjab will be taken from authorized body, Pakistan Engineering Council updated on the authorized website of Contractors Association of Pakistan and divided into three groups according to tendering capacity and minimum personnel resources.200 contractors will be the targeted for conducting survey. A structured questionnaire survey will be implemented from Begum et al., 2009. Through logistic regression analysis, the relationship between various factors affecting contractor attitudes and behaviours regarding waste management will be assessed. This study will utilize the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software to analyse data.
Factors Affecting Contractor Attitudes And…
(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2014) Fatima Aqeel (SP14-MSPM-13); Dr. Muhammad Khan; LHR TP 5267
Lahore is the second largest city of Pakistan; it is making its way up as indicated by the development initiatives taken for the city, infrastructure development and the provision of the basic facilities to the residents. The provincial budget of Punjab for the fiscal year 2014-2015 out-lay by provincial government is PKR1033.70 billion. PKR345 billion was allocated for Annual Development Program (ADP) in the budget, of which 40% is reserved for the utilization in Lahore for the various ongoing and several new development projects.(Directorate General Monitoring and Evaluation, Government of Punjab). With the numerous ongoing construction activities in Lahore, a large amount of construction waste is generated which aroused growing public concern. Human factors affect the construction and demolition waste management. Attitude and behaviour of contractor directly influences the practices for managing waste during construction and demolition. Factors affecting contractors‟ attitudes and behaviours are critical in understanding how to resolve issues surrounding construction waste management practices in Pakistan. To achieve the objectives of the study contractors operationalizing in Punjab will be selected through random sampling technique. List of the privately registered contractors under different categories in Lahore, Punjab will be taken from authorized body, Pakistan Engineering Council updated on the authorized website of Contractors Association of Pakistan and divided into three groups according to tendering capacity and minimum personnel resources.200 contractors will be the targeted for conducting survey. A structured questionnaire survey will be implemented from Begum et al., 2009. Through logistic regression analysis, the relationship between various factors affecting contractor attitudes and behaviours regarding waste management will be assessed. This study will utilize the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software to analyse data.
Green Supply Chain Management Approaches; Drivers and Performance Implications within Project, (Project Base Organization NESPAK)
(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamaabad Lahore Campus, 2018) Muhammad Zahid Iqbal; SP14-MSPM-027; Dr. Muhammad Khan; LHR TP 5214
Recent studies, recommend a developing interest for Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM), particularly in regards to "greening" the different levels of supply chains. Monitoring and collaboration are the two main GSCM approaches that are studies in the literature; but not any of these studies has shown impact of each driver on particular GSCM practices. Being multinational company, NESPAK has introduces GSCM concept in its different sectors like (power & mechanical division, highways and transportation engineering division, building services division). The questionnaire was sent to a sample of 350, project managers team leaders and project engineers affiliated to the different divisions of NESPAK. Data analyzed using SPSS 20.0 to analyze a multiple regression analysis to narrate GSCM drivers, GSCM approaches and project environmental performance. This study will analyze project environmental performance using GSCM approached and environmental drivers. The multiple regression analysis has been employed on two models of the study. We determine significant impact on both collaboration and monitoring GSCM practices of environmental drivers. Similarly, results show that collaboration GSCM practices are not significantly related to the project environmental performance. Results also depicts that monitoring GSCM mediates the relationship between environmental drivers and project environmental performance. The result shows that by encouraging firms to comprise in monitoring and collaborative initiatives, project environmental performance objectives can be achieved. The execution of these activities would enhance ecological execution of the central firm, and by implication the execution of the entire inventory network, through enhanced procedures and items. From project management point of view, this study has several implications. First, adoption of GSCM practices pays off in terms of project environmental performance by employ supplier-related GSCM practices such as provide suppliers with feedback of environmental audits and/or with training. Second, it is needed to go beyond monitoring when working with suppliers. The environmental performance will improve when there is collaboration between supplier and buyers. Policy point of view this study suggests that government regulation/agencies are less effective than non-coercive drivers (e.g. competitors, customers, society, etc.), in term of GSCM practices. The policy implication, it would be more proficient to create systems to empower the straightforwardness of supply chains, than to apply coordinate coercive weights.
Green Supply Chain Management Approaches; Drivers and Performance Implications within Project, (Project Base Organization NESPAK)
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2018) Muhammad Zahid Iqbal; SP14-MSPM-027; Dr. Muhammad Khan; LHR TP 5214
Recent studies, recommend a developing interest for Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM), particularly in regards to "greening" the different levels of supply chains. Monitoring and collaboration are the two main GSCM approaches that are studies in the literature; but not any of these studies has shown impact of each driver on particular GSCM practices. Being multinational company, NESPAK has introduces GSCM concept in its different sectors like (power & mechanical division, highways and transportation engineering division, building services division). The questionnaire was sent to a sample of 350, project managers team leaders and project engineers affiliated to the different divisions of NESPAK. Data analyzed using SPSS 20.0 to analyze a multiple regression analysis to narrate GSCM drivers, GSCM approaches and project environmental performance. This study will analyze project environmental performance using GSCM approached and environmental drivers. The multiple regression analysis has been employed on two models of the study. We determine significant impact on both collaboration and monitoring GSCM practices of environmental drivers. Similarly, results show that collaboration GSCM practices are not significantly related to the project environmental performance. Results also depicts that monitoring GSCM mediates the relationship between environmental drivers and project environmental performance. The result shows that by encouraging firms to comprise in monitoring and collaborative initiatives, project environmental performance objectives can be achieved. The execution of these activities would enhance ecological execution of the central firm, and by implication the execution of the entire inventory network, through enhanced procedures and items. From project management point of view, this study has several implications. First, adoption of GSCM practices pays off in terms of project environmental performance by employ supplier-related GSCM practices such as provide suppliers with feedback of environmental audits and/or with training. Second, it is needed to go beyond monitoring when working with suppliers. The environmental performance will improve when there is collaboration between supplier and buyers. Policy point of view this study suggests that government regulation/agencies are less effective than non-coercive drivers (e.g. competitors, customers, society, etc.), in term of GSCM practices. The policy implication, it would be more proficient to create systems to empower the straightforwardness of supply chains, than to apply coordinate coercive weights.
Impact of cotton dust pollution on women workers’ health and absenteeism: A cross sectional study in textile industries, Pakistan
(Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2018) Salman Abdullah; SP16-REC-002/; Dr. Muhammad Khan
The textile sector is one of the largest sectors of world and it contributed a lot in the GDP of every country. In Pakistan it contributed 8.5% to the overall GDP of the economy. A large fraction of working women found in the textile sector of Pakistan. The textile industries are creating a lot of pollution which contributed a lot in both air and water pollution. In textile sector women workers’ wages are not satisfied and polluted work environment leads to serious health issues which cause negative impact on workers’ health. Worker also has to bear economic cost of bad health. So, the objective of the research is to find out the impact of cotton dust pollution on women workers’ health, the research also aims to estimate the health and economic burden which is faced by workers due to bad health. The data is collected from the 18 textile spinning mills of Faisalabad and Lahore districts in March to June in 2015. Total 541 women worker selected from these mills compared to 513 women those are non-textile workers. The survey found that only 9% women are permanent employee and the average wage of women is PKR. 9857 per month which is less than the minimum wage law of Pakistan. The survey also shows that women workers bear high diseases burden than the control group. The analysis have also provides relationship between exposure to cotton dust pollution and many diseases like byssinosis, wheezing, phlegm, blood phlegm and chronic cough etc. These diseases are high among those workers who use firewood for cooking. Work days lost of worker is also estimated with work characteristics and it is found that if a worker is permanent employee and workers who work over time in both cases their absenteeism rate is high. Workers performance is also estimated and half of the worker explains that their performance at work is worse than normal. It is found that many diseases have negative impact on worker performance. The research therefore suggested that government should take some strict action ad textile mills should pay compensation because workers are bearing diseases like byssinosis. Safety culture should be promoted by giving workers training and advisory services. Because most of the diseases can be