Browsing by Author "Dr. Eng. Farasat Iqbal"

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3D Printing of Novel Anti-bacterial Polymer Composite Auxetic Structures for Biomedical Meshes
(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2023-02-26) Asad Maqsood; FA21-R06-021; Dr. Eng. Farasat Iqbal; LHR TP 8451
Hernia repair treatment is one of the common surgical procedures globally. Increasing prevalence of surgeries has led to many complications in the human body. Successful treatment of hernia repair is necessary in preventing critical outcomes such as foreign body rejection, lack of biocompatibility and high adhesion to the abdomen wall. Ideal mesh for hernia repair is still in debate. 3D Printing of hernia meshes can reduce many surgical complications due to its long-term benefits. Mesh size, shape, material properties, weight to volume ratio, thickness and flexibility etc. can be compared using the Additive Manufacturing technique. Auxetic structures are metamaterials having Negative Poisson’s Ratio (NPR). They possess higher loading and stretching effect as compared to conventional meshes. Polypropylene is of greater interest for surgical 3D Printed hernia meshes because of its non-biodegradable nature. Pore size and thickness of the meshes are the major controlling parameters for the 3D Printed auxetic and non-auxetic hernia meshes. Coatings of 3D Printed hernia meshes using ZnO NPs enables the antibacterial properties in the hernia meshes. The 3D Printed meshes are also used in anti-bacterial applications avoiding systematic toxicity. The selected 3D Printed auxetic and non-auxetic hernia meshes were characterized using the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Optical Microscopy. The mechanical strength and stability can be determined using the Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA). Temperature and frequency sweep analysis were performed respectively. In UTM, based on the stress-strain curves breaking strain, maximum force and stiffness were computed. Anti-bacterial activity using the broth dilution method confirms the antibacterial effects of the coated auxetic and non-auxetic hernia meshes. Useful information for the selection of possible medical applications for auxetic and non-auxetic meshes and the design process of 3D printed implants are provided. Therefore, the 3D Printed coated nanocomposite auxetic mesh can be a promising candidate for hernia repair in the future.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Silver & Zinc Doped Bioactive Coatings on Magnesium Alloy for Potential Application in Orthopedics
(Library Information Services COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, 2022-02-25) Kinza Mujahid; FA20-R06-008; Dr. Eng. Farasat Iqbal; LHR TP 7879
Biomaterials are artificially designed implants used in various medical applications such as orthopedic, cardiovascular and dental implants in past. These metallic implants have been selected based on biocompatibility, mechanical strength and bioresorbability to fix the bone fracture. Conventional implants i.e., Titanium, stainless steel and cobalt alloy have been implanted as bone fixation devices that needs revised surgery to remove them once the bone healed. So, they are health costly as well as cause financial burden on patients. Therefore, biodegradable and biocompatible permanent implants are required, which degrade slowly with healing process and maintain its mechanical integrity until new bone is regenerated. The ideal candidate for this is Mg and its alloys that can be used in orthopedic devices. Mg and its alloys fulfill the criterial of biocompatibility, osteogenetic ability, appropriate mechanical strength, and low elastic modulus (~40 GPa) which is close to human bone (~20 GPa). Its fast degradation rate results into release of hydrogen gas at surgery site and loss of its mechanical strength and attack of bacteria are the major challenges in orthopedic application.
Optimization of Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys for Pediatric Orthopedic Applications
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2025) Kiran Nayab Laila; CIIT/SP24-R06-011/LHR; Dr. Eng. Farasat Iqbal; LHR TP 10018
The research for biodegradable metals for pediatric orthopedic applications with suitable mechanical strength is still ongoing. Previous study demonstrates that although Zinc has a suitable corrosion rate but it possesses low mechanical strength which is not suitable for pediatric orthopedic applications. On the other hand, magnesium and copper have a suitable mechanical property and their addition in Zn based alloys make them a potential candidate for Orthopedic applications. This study aims to develop Zinc-based biodegradable alloys using powder metallurgical processing technique and to analyze their properties using different techniques (SEM, EDX, XRD, hardness, UTM and AAS). It was concluded that addition of magnesium has increased the density, compressive strength and microhardness of the Zinc alloys due to small grain size. However, inclusion of copper to Zn-Mg alloys enhanced the density, microhardness and compressive strength further due to formation of rich intermetallic phases. Analysis of AAS revealed the increased concentration of release of Zinc ions and loss of Zn mass in stimulated body fluid (SBF) after degradation of Zn alloys in different time intervals.