Browsing by Author "Ali Ahmad"

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    A Study of Triglyceride by Using Topological Indices
    (Library Information Services, CUI Lahore, 2023) Ali Ahmad; FA20-RMT-007; Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Afzal Siddiqui
    A topological graph index, also called a molecular descriptor, is a mathematical formula that can be applied to any graph which provides the information about its chemical properties. From this index, it is possible to analyse mathematical values and further investigate some physicochemical properties of a molecule. Therefore, it is an efficient method in avoiding expensive and time-consuming laboratory experiments. In this thesis, we study some degree based topological indices of triglyceride its line and paraline graphs.
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    Study of Antenna Topology for Communication Applications
    (Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2021) Ali Ahmad; CUI\FA19-RPH-054\LHR; Dr. Amna Mir; LHR TP 7269
    Wireless communication has a key role in the communication technology and its most of the advanced and novel techniques are based on fifth generation (5G) communication system. This fast progress in communication motivated many researchers to investigate and develop advanced technology either in hardware or software field. For 5G technology, a wideband frequency range (6GHz – 100GHz) has been focus of the study. The antenna is a basic element of the wireless communication system. An optimized design of antenna for 5G communication is most challenging field and needs continuous improvement. The main purpose of this research work is to study and design a new 5G communication module with a novel and optimized antenna design. Different parameters of the antenna are examined to approach the optimized design. This work is focused on 28 GHz band (27.5 – 29.5 GHz) to find out the optimized design using CMA (Characteristic Mode Analysis). The characteristic modes analysis is studied to characterize the resonant behavior of characteristic modes of the proposed antenna design in operational frequency range. The features required in an antenna to support a 5G communication system are satisfied in the optimized design with total gain 12 dBi and high bandwidth 2.16 GHz. To enhance the directivity of the designed antenna a 1x2 (two-element) and 1x4 (four-element) antenna arrays are optimized and studied. At the operational frequency, two-element and four-element antenna arrays achieved high bandwidth and high gain.