Browsing by Author "AMAD RASHID"

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WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ITS IMPACT ON AN ECONOMY
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2020) Mujtaba Iqbal Bhatti; FA17-BBA-143; AMAD RASHID; LHR TP 6754
Gender inequality at workforce is found to be a major contributor of poverty among women. In order to enhance, the living standards of women particularly in developing countries, it is essential to increase job openings in the market and the best approach is to encourage the citizens to develop into job creators rather than job seekers. Therefore, in the recent times, increased efforts have been made by the governments all across the globe to escalate the number of entrepreneurs (Thomas & Moisey , 2006). Nevertheless, it has been noted that although women entrepreneurs acquire immense potential to develop into entrepreneurs, they confront various barriers while initiating their own business. Social and financial capitals are the two potential barriers that women have to deal with while fulfilling their ambition as entrepreneurs. As ladies tend to stay at home as a house wife or have lower paid employments, it gets to be troublesome for them to subsidize their own particular business (Wellman et al., 2001). When they look for outside source of subsidizing, for example, credits from banks or other money related foundations, they are provided funds only after the agreement of their spouses. Subsequently, if their spouses do not permit them to work or apply for the credit, then they cannot get the endorsement from these foundations. Moreover, because of their constrained groups of friends, females may experience issues in extending their business as informal organizations are imperative to bolster the development of a business (Thomas & Moisey , 2006).. Besides, as a consequence of social practice in the nations, numerous females have a tendency to have lower education than men. As a result, they often lack sufficient technological and managerial skills to initiate their own business. However, the advent of Internet has opened the employment doors for the females for the reason that it gives an effective platform for communication to them. Information communication technologies and particularly social media not only provide a faster source of communication but it is relatively cheaper and easier to use. Following the invention of numerous social media platforms including Twitter, Facebook and My Space, numerous females all across the globe have gained several business benefits from them. The use of social media has allowed the females to expand their social circle as well as raise social capital that is crucial for initiating new business. The Internet and social media significantly support the creation and maintenance of large social networks in comparatively accessible and cheap way. In addition, social capital raised by the means of social media can be a significant resource for entrepreneurs; therefore, a crucial driver of women empowerment (Wheeler, 2007). The social media is also found to augment the self-efficacy among women as it allows them to interact with different people. Consequently, by increased self-efficacy women entrepreneurs develop a greater sense of empowerment. The chief focus of this study is to construct the model that encompasses the factors, which foster women empowerment in relation to business. The model proposed in this study has highlighted the role played by the information technologies and particularly social media in empowering women entrepreneurship by the means of enhanced self-efficacy and increased social capital. In order to achieve the goal of the study, the research had provided a comprehensive review of the concepts such as entrepreneurs, women entrepreneurship and information communication technologies. The study has demonstrated the role of social media in empowering women entrepreneurship through increasing social capital and self-efficacy. In order to accomplish this aim, the researcher adopted a quantitative research design that was based on survey questionnaire method. A survey was carried with 100 participants among whom majority were women who aspire to be or are entrepreneurs. The researcher employed a random sampling technique to select the participants of the survey as this technique provided an equal opportunity to the entire population to get selected. The researcher also conducted a secondary research to get an insight into the concepts crucial to accomplish the goal of the research. The data extracted through secondary research formed the part of the literature review section. On the other hand, the SPSS 20.0 has been used to analyze the primary data obtained through survey. The responses of the participants attained through survey were initially coded and then inserted into SPSS for the purpose of analyzing. Frequency tables and charts were constructed to demonstrate the response of the participants, which were than interpreted by the researcher.
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ITS IMPACT ON AN ECONOMY
(Library Information Services, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 2020) Mujtaba Iqbal Bhatti; FA17-BBA-143; LHR TP 6754; AMAD RASHID
Gender inequality at workforce is found to be a major contributor of poverty among women. In order to enhance, the living standards of women particularly in developing countries, it is essential to increase job openings in the market and the best approach is to encourage the citizens to develop into job creators rather than job seekers. Therefore, in the recent times, increased efforts have been made by the governments all across the globe to escalate the number of entrepreneurs (Thomas & Moisey , 2006). Nevertheless, it has been noted that although women entrepreneurs acquire immense potential to develop into entrepreneurs, they confront various barriers while initiating their own business. Social and financial capitals are the two potential barriers that women have to deal with while fulfilling their ambition as entrepreneurs. As ladies tend to stay at home as a house wife or have lower paid employments, it gets to be troublesome for them to subsidize their own particular business (Wellman et al., 2001). When they look for outside source of subsidizing, for example, credits from banks or other money related foundations, they are provided funds only after the agreement of their spouses. Subsequently, if their spouses do not permit them to work or apply for the credit, then they cannot get the endorsement from these foundations. Moreover, because of their constrained groups of friends, females may experience issues in extending their business as informal organizations are imperative to bolster the development of a business (Thomas & Moisey , 2006).. Besides, as a consequence of social practice in the nations, numerous females have a tendency to have lower education than men. As a result, they often lack sufficient technological and managerial skills to initiate their own business. However, the advent of Internet has opened the employment doors for the females for the reason that it gives an effective platform for communication to them. Information communication technologies and particularly social media not only provide a faster source of communication but it is relatively cheaper and easier to use. Following the invention of numerous social media platforms including Twitter, Facebook and My Space, numerous females all across the globe have gained several business benefits from them. The use of social media has allowed the females to expand their social circle as well as raise social capital that is crucial for initiating new business. The Internet and social media significantly support the creation and maintenance of large social networks in comparatively accessible and cheap way. In addition, social capital raised by the means of social media can be a significant resource for entrepreneurs; therefore, a crucial driver of women empowerment (Wheeler, 2007). The social media is also found to augment the self-efficacy among women as it allows them to interact with different people. Consequently, by increased self-efficacy women entrepreneurs develop a greater sense of empowerment. The chief focus of this study is to construct the model that encompasses the factors, which foster women empowerment in relation to business. The model proposed in this study has highlighted the role played by the information technologies and particularly social media in empowering women entrepreneurship by the means of enhanced self-efficacy and increased social capital. In order to achieve the goal of the study, the research had provided a comprehensive review of the concepts such as entrepreneurs, women entrepreneurship and information communication technologies. The study has demonstrated the role of social media in empowering women entrepreneurship through increasing social capital and self-efficacy. In order to accomplish this aim, the researcher adopted a quantitative research design that was based on survey questionnaire method. A survey was carried with 100 participants among whom majority were women who aspire to be or are entrepreneurs. The researcher employed a random sampling technique to select the participants of the survey as this technique provided an equal opportunity to the entire population to get selected. The researcher also conducted a secondary research to get an insight into the concepts crucial to accomplish the goal of the research. The data extracted through secondary research formed the part of the literature review section. On the other hand, the SPSS 20.0 has been used to analyze the primary data obtained through survey. The responses of the participants attained through survey were initially coded and then inserted into SPSS for the purpose of analyzing. Frequency tables and charts were constructed to demonstrate the response of the participants, which were than interpreted by the researcher.