Abstract:
The distribution function has different forms in the different region of space plasmas.
These change in the distribution significantly affects the dispersion properties of the
waves especially their free energy source (if exist) can make the wave unstable under
certain conditions. These instabilities as an effect of free energy source is a great deal of
interest in space plasma community to their application to different solar wind problems
e.g., particle acceleration etc. The non-extensive distribution have received renewed
attention due to the better agreement with the space plasma observations as compared to
the Maxwellian distribution. The temperature anisotropy makes the wave unstable based
depending upon whether the anisotropy ratio (A=Tx/Tz) is either greater (A>1) or
smaller (A<1) than one. The Bale diagram obtained by the solar wind data is clear
indication of this relation showing four different region of anisotropy plasma beta space.
These different regions are bounded by the instabilities. Davidson and Wu first discussed
the electromagnetic ordinary (O) mode instability can become unstable for anisotropy
ratio greater than one and high plasma beta. Ibscher et al. revisited the work and obtained
the marginal and threshold conditions of the o-mode instability for electron for the bi Maxwellian distributions and extended to the solar wind proton anisotropy and related to
the Bale-diagram.
The exact numerical analysis contrary to the above theoretical result is predicted by Hadi
et al. and clearly proved that the lower bound of the Bale-diagram is bounded by the O mode instability in the counter-streaming plasmas. In this work, the marginal instability
threshold condition of ordinary mode(O-mode) is obtained using the exact numerical
analysis to explain the bale-diagram obtained from the solar wind data at 1AU for Non extensive distributions. It is shown that the lower bound of the Bale-diagram is bounded
by the O-mode instability. The effects of non-extensivity parameter q on the marginal
stability curve are also highlighted to better model the Bale-diagram through Non extensity index q as compared to the usual Maxwellian distribution.