Hafsa Alyas,FA16-RMT-018Dr. Sana Javed, Assistant Profesor [Supervisor]LHR TP 51862026-04-212018https://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/123456789/3652Modeling the Role of TGF-β in Bone Turnover Bone plays a very important role in our life. The process of deposition of old bones and the formation of new bones is known as bone remodeling. In bone remodeling mainly two cellular factors called osteoclasts (bone removing cells) and osteoblasts (bone building cells) and a signaling pathway RANK/RANKL/OPG are involved. Mathematical modeling of bone remodeling may provide a deep insight to understand the deep mechanism involved in bone remodeling. Several attempts have been made to study the dynamics of this complex cellular and molecular framework. Our methodology is founded on a discrete method formalized on the interaction among the components involved in bone remodeling process in terms of logical parameters, variables, and functions. The stability of the presented model has been checked through the loops (either +ve or -ve) involved in the mechanism of bone turn over. One of our models takes into account the feedback mechanism involved in coupling between osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Another discrete framework is established to discuss the RANK/RANKL/OPG signaling pathway. The results are varied through the numerical simulations. This thesis is divided into -ve sections. First chapter is dedicated to the introduction of bone biology. Second chapter is comprised of the previous work on mathematical modeling of bone remodeling. Chapter 3, 4, 5 are based on our main results, results and discussions along with some proposed open problems and references, respectively.en: Dr. Sana Javeddepartment of mathematicsLHR TP 5186Thesis