Nageen PervaizFA19-RMT-001LHR TP 7419Dr. Shamaila Rani2026-03-162021https://repository.cuilahore.edu.pk/handle/123456789/2854In thisthesis,westudythecosmicevolutionoftheacceleratinguniverse in theEinstein-Cartan-Sciama-Kibbletheorybyusing°athomogeneous and isotropicmodel.Inthisregards,weconsidersomeparameterizations of theequationofstateparameter ! in termsofredshiftfunction.This parametrization maybeaTaylorseriesextensioninthescalefactor,a Taylorseriesextensionintheredshiftoranyothergeneralparametrization of !. Weusegraphicalbehaviortoexplorethecosmologicalparameters suchasdeceleration,Om-diagnostic,state¯nderandsquaredspeedofsound parameters. Also,weexaminethevalidityofthegeneralizedsecondlaw of thermodynamicsatapparenthorizontakingintoaccountBekenstein- Hawkingentropy.enDr. Shamaila Ranifa19Department of MathematicsMATHEMATICSThesis