Production of Biodiesel from Animal Waste in the Presence of Heterogeneous Catalyst

Abstract

This research focuses on optimizing the transesterification process factors by using lowcost waste chicken fat and CaO-CH3NaO as heterogeneous catalyst in the synthesis of biodiesel. Animal fats are a cost-effective way to make biodiesel and have gotten a significant interest in recent years. To achieve a maximum 96 percent biodiesel yield, the optimum transesterification parameters are a 1:13 molar ratio of fat to alcohol, a 2wt. % catalyst amount, a 60°C reaction temperature, and 120 minutes of reaction time. The effect of numerous process variables on biodiesel synthesis was investigated, including reaction temperature and time, molar ratio of alcohol to fat, and catalyst concentration. The molar ratio has been found as the most important factor impacting biodiesel yield. The most critical element influencing biodiesel yield has been found to be the molar ratio. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the prepared catalysts. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy was used to examine the biodiesel (GC-MS). Finally, the analyses indicate that employing CaO-CH3NaO as a heterogeneous catalyst, waste chicken fat could be a viable biodiesel feedstock.