PRODUCTIONOFBIODIESELFROMANIMAL SOURCEINTHEPRESENCEOFHETEROGENEOUS CATALYST

Abstract

Biodiesel was produced by the transesterification of low cost feedstock chicken fat through heterogeneous catalyst. The catalysts were prepared by the impregnation method with clay precursor. The resulted four different metal oxide ,supported by silica , catalysts SrO/SiO2, Bi2O3/SiO2, CuO/SiO2 and CaO/SiO2 were synthesized. The prepared catalysts were characterizedbytheFourierTransformInfraredspectroscopy(FTIR),X-rayDiffraction(XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The biodiesel and raw chicken fat (oil) were analyzed by the Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS), which found the components with respect to their retention time and area peaks. To determine the maximum yield of biodiesel, reaction time, temperature, methanol to oil ratio and catalyst loading were varied as independent parameters. The focused of this study was on SrO/SiO2 because of high catalytic activity of Strontium metal. In the last 10 years, about 35-40 research publications and only 3-5 reviews of strontium as a catalyst have been published in the literature on the subject of biodiesel generation. The main goal of this work is to fill the gap and outline the essential was on metal heterogeneous catalysts supported by SiO2. Hence transesterification throughSrO/SiO2 catalystresultedinhigh yield.Incomparisontothepreviousliteraturework, maximumconversionwasfoundbythiscatalystwithlowcostchickenfat.