Use of Plant Biomass to Reduce Peroxide Value and Free Fatty Acids of Used Cooking Oil

Abstract

The refining of used cooking oil (UCO) and its conversion into useful product is the need of the time. Degradation and spoiling of cooking oil due to oxidation, hydrolysis and polymerization which depends upon frying cycles, frying time and high temperature. Use of damaged cooking oil is dangerous for human consumption and causes various health issues like heart problem, renal and liver disorders in the long run. Different synthetic inorganic adsorbent such as silica gel, magnesium oxide, aluminum hydroxide and activated clay are used in recycling of UCOs. Bio-adsorbents are fresh idea to prepare adsorbents from different biomass like bagasse, coconut husk, rice husk, pineapple dregs, soft wood, and corncob. The treatment of UCOs with biomass bagasse gives better results and a cheap source adsorbent. Sugarcane bagasse is used because of its low cost, quick growth, broad cultivation. Easy availability of Bagasse made from sugarcane includes 50% cellulose, 25% hemicelluloses, and 25% lignin. High carbon content is present in the bagasse, which is one of the key reasons for its effectiveness as an adsorbent. The FFAs and peroxide values has been reduced by applying bio adsorbent obtained from the bagasse. The adsorption potential of AC derived from bagasse for FFAs and PV in WCOs was examined using an adsorption process with various operational parameters such as pH, adsorbent masses, and agitation time. To assess the structural examination of the material and functional groups, AC was analyzed using XRD and FTIR, respectively. For adsorbent synthesis bagasse was heated with 0.1N solution of NaOH at 250℃ and 500RPM. Then for oil treatment used cooking oil (50 mL) was heated at 110°C for 10 minutes then added different adsorbent masses such as 2,3 and 4g and set on stirring top at 500 RPM for 30 minutes for FFA. After that same process is followed by using different agitation time like 250, 500 and 750 RPM instead of adsorbent mass. At 750 rpm and 4g adsorbent mass, the best results were obtained